高中虚拟语气专题练习
1.He made the demand that she ______the place at once.
A.leave
B.leaves
C.left
< be left
【解题指导】本题考查虚拟语气在同位语从句中的应用。表示要求的demand用作名词时,后接同位语从句用should+动词原形构成,在美国英语中should常常省略,选项A适合本题。例如:
He made the demand that we (would) set off at once. 他要求我们马上出发。
选项B用leaves显然错误,因为从句中有should,只是句中省略了而已。选项C和D没有用虚拟语气结构,因此是错误的。
【本题正确答案】A
2.The director requested the flexible approach some engineers refused to adopt _______ into practice at once.
A.should put
B. to be put
C. be put
D. of being put
【解题指导】本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。表示要求,请求的动词,如request,demand,require等后接宾语从句时,用should+动词原形构成,在美国英语中should 常常省略。选项C适合本题。例如:
本题中宾语从句的主语the flexible approach 受定语从句some engineers refused to adopt修饰,谓语动词应该用被动形式,所以选项A不合适。选项B和D没有用虚拟语气,显然错误。只有选项C适合本题。
【本题正确答案】C
3.Mother insisted that the child’s hands ____before dinner.
A.should wash
B. be washed
C.would wash
D. were washed
【解题指导】本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。表示主张的动词如insist,maintain,hold,urge等后接宾语从句时,用should+动词原形构成,在美国英语中should常常省
略。选项B适合本题。例如:
Her family insisted that she receive a good education. 她的家庭坚持她应该接受良好的教育。本题应该用被动形式,所以选项A是错误的。选项C和D也不合适。
【本题正确答案】B
4.The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.
A.Did;set
B. had done; should be set
C. should do; be set
D. had done; must be set 【解题指导】当insist在句子中表示坚持(应该)的时候,或表示坚持认为(应该)时,后接的宾语从句用虚拟语气;当insist在句中表示坚持(认为)时,后接的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。选项B适合本题。例如:
He insisted that she fasten her safety belt.他坚持认为她应该系好安全带。
The politician insisted that he was innocent and that he was as straight as an arrow.那位政治家坚持认为自己是清白的,而且是个耿直的人。
本题中说他认为没有做错事不用虚拟语气,后面说他应该释放要用虚拟语气。据此,选项A、C和D均不合适。
【本题正确答案】B
5.It ____ that the football match ____ put off because of the weather.
A. Suggested; would be
B. was suggested; be
C. is suggested; shall be
D. suggested; should be 【解题指导】表示建议的动词如suggest,propose,recommend,advise等后接宾语从句时,用虚拟语气。本题考查的是这些动词用于以下结构的主语从句中也要用虚拟结构。其构成为should+动词原形,should可以省略,但不能用would。句中用it it或it was不影响虚拟结构的组成。选项D适合本题。例如:
It is suggested that each class give a performance。有人建议每班出一个节目。
根据语法规则,选项B用It was 不影响后面虚拟结构的组成,而选项A和D显然错误。
选项C没有用虚拟结构,因此也是错误的。
【本题正确答案】B
6.The suggestions has been made ______ the basketball game ______ put off.
A.for; to
B. that; be
C. which; should be
D. to; being
【解题指导】本题考察虚拟语气在同位语从句中的使用。当动词suggest,demand,require 等以他们的名词形式suggestion,demand,requirement出现在句子中后接同位语时,其同位语的谓语形式用should+动词原形构成。例如:
I don’t agree to the suggestion that we give up the plan. 我不同意放弃这个计划的建议。连接同位语从句的关联词用that,不能用which。因此,选项C不合适。
【本题正确答案】B
7.Jane’s pale face suggested that she _____ill, and her parents suggested that she_____ a medical examination.
A.was; have
B. be; have
C.were; had
D. was; has
【解题指导】suggest一词有两个含义,一是建议,后接句子要用虚拟语气;另一个意思是表明,暗示,后接句子不能用虚拟语气,根据本题的含义,选项A适合本题。例如:
I suggest we should visit the Metropolitan Museum of Art first. 我建议我们先参观大都会艺术博物馆。本句第一个空格的含义是表明,第二个空格的含义是建议,只有选项A符合题意。
【本题正确答案】A
8.Our teacher recommends that we ____ as attentive as possible when we visit the gallery.
A.are
B. be
C. were
D. had been
【解题指导】本题考察虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用。表示建议的动词如suggest,propose,recommend,advise等后接宾语从句时,用should+动词原形构成,在美国英语中should 常常省略。
【本题正确答案】D
9.The commander ordered that the wounded ______ to hospital right away.
< be sent
B. be sent
C. to send
D. should send
【解题指导】本题考察虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用。表示要求的动词,如order,command后接宾语从句时,用should+动词原形构成,在美国英语中should常常省略,选项B适合本题。例如:
His father ordered that he keep a diary in English. 他的父亲规定他要用英文写日记。把伤员送到医院应该用被动语态形式。
【本题正确答案】B
10.She does not stick to her exercises and a balanced diet. If she ______, she would remain slim and healthy.
A. had done
B. would do
C. did
D. should
【解题指导】本题考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。与现在事实相反的用虚拟现在时、与过去事实相反的用虚拟过去时,与将来事实相反的用虚拟将来时。本题考查虚拟现在,应该用虚拟现在时。它的时态构成为:if 条件句(谓语动词用过去时态,动词be无论什么人称都用were)主句(谓语动词用would+动词原形,有时也用should/could/might)。例如:If you made a wrong turn, you would cause trouble. 如果你拐错了弯。你会引起麻烦的。
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,他会帮会帮助我们的。
【本题正确答案】C
11. We’re safer in a train than we would be if we______any other way.
B. have traveled
C. traveled
D. had traveledrequire名词
【解题指导】本剧的情景是说话人认为:乘火车比(假定我们)乘坐其他交通工具更安全。因此,说we are safer in a train是真实的,在than后面的情况是假设的,因此用虚拟语
气。根据we’re safer是现在时态,than后接的句子应该用虚拟现在形式。据此,选项C 适合本题。例如:“We eat better at home than we wold if we went to the restaurant,”Smalley said. “我们在家里比去饭店吃得更好,”司墨里说。
本题的含义应该用虚拟现在的结构(主句用would,从句用过去时)来表达。
【本题正确答案】C
12. “It’s many years since I saw you last. I didn’t recognize you at first.”
“I wouldn’t have, either, if someone ____you by name.”
A. called
B.had called
C. didn’t call
D. hadn’t called
【解题指导】根据句中wouldn’t have +(过去分词)提供的时态,本题应该使用与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。它的时态构成为:if 条件句(谓语动词用过去完成时态)主句(谓语动词用would have+过去分词,有时也用should/could/might)。例如:
I would never have thought of it if you hadn’t mentioned it. 如果不是你提起的话,我肯定想不到。根据句型结构,if从句应该使用过去完成时。而且,根据句中的含义,应该用否定结构。据此,选项A、B和C均不合适。
【本题正确答案】D
13.______it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Shanghai Museum.
A. If
B. Should
C. Were
D. Would
【解题指导】如果明天下雨,应该使用与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。它的时态构成为构成为:if 条件句(谓语动词可以用过去时,或should,或were to+动词原形)主句(谓语动词用would或should+动词原形)。
在文学作品或正式文体中,当虚拟条件句中的第一个动词是should,或had,或were时,可以省略if,将该动词置于句首,形成倒装结构。例如:
Should he be caught, both Jacques and the Underground knew what his fate would be. 如果他被捕,杰克斯和地下抵抗组织者都清楚他会有怎样的命运。
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