专项语法五　动词和动词短语
1．(2010·江苏盐城中学)—Cinderella has been learning Chinese in Beijing University for the past four years.
—No wonder she________above her colleagues in Chinese.
A．stands out    　    B．sticks out
C．comes out    D．sorts out
答案：A　stand out 意思是“脱颖而出，突出”；stick out表示“伸出，断言”；come out表示“出来，发芽”；sort out表示“分类，整理”。显然A项符合题意。
2．(2010·皖南八校二模)Though plastic bags really brought convenience to us, they also________many problems for the environment.
A．led to    B．referred to
C．contributed to    D．appealed to
答案：A　lead to“导致，引起”；refer to“提到，涉及”；contribute to“捐助”；appeal to“吸引”。这里选A表示它们也给环境带来了很多问题。
3．(2010·合肥一模)I________you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyway, I meant no offence.
A．owe    B．make
C．demand    D．accept
答案：A　考查动词的搭配。owe you an apology该向你道歉。
4．(2010·河北辛集中学调研考试)I think Jack will________a good monitor, so I'd like to vote for him.
A．turn    B．change
C．make    D．elect
答案：C　考查动词辨析。此处make表示“成为”。假如选择A项，应该去掉句中的不定冠词a。
5．(2010·安庆模拟)We are happy to find that more cities________Earth Hour by turning off lights for a full hour.
A．congratulate    B．remind
C．remember    D．observe
答案：D　考查动词辨析。observe“庆祝(节日、活动等)”；congratulate“祝贺(某人)”；remind“提醒”；remember“记住”。observe Earth Hour“庆祝地球一小时活动”。
6．(2010·温州检测)Faced with the economic slowdown, we have decided to________government spending.
A．take out of    B．get away with
C．break away from    D．cut down on
答案：D　该题考查动词短语。take out of“拿出，取出”；get away with“侥幸成功”；break away from“逃离，脱离”；cut down on“削减，缩短”。根据句意可知D项正确。
7．(2010·浙江十二校联考)Little Tom, you have to______your manners at your uncle's or I won't take you there.
A．watch    B．mind
C．care    D．notice
答案：B　mind your manners 注意你的礼貌。
8．(2010·福州检测)—If you don't bring a birthday present to Lucy, you may________.
—Thank you for reminding me. Surely I'll buy her one this evening.
A．leave her alone    B．let her down
C．hold her back    D．cheer her up
答案：B　考查动词短语。上句句意：如果你不给Lucy带生日礼物，你可能会让她失望的。let sb. down意思是“让某人失望”。leave sb. alone“不理某人”；hold sb. back“阻止某人”；cheer sb. up “使某人振奋”。
9．(2010·沈阳检测)To deal with the global financial crisis, China has________a string of forceful measures over the past months.
A．worked out    B．found out
C．turned out    D．made out
答案：A　考查动词词组辨析。句意：为了应对全球金融危机，中国在过去几个月中已经制订出一系列有力的措施。work out表示“制订出，拟定”；find out表示“出”；turn out表示“证明是”；make out表示“起草，辨认出”。A项符合语境。
10．(2010·烟台二模)The spacewalk performed by Chinese astronaut Zhai Zhigang________a major breakthrough in China's space program.
A．predicts    B．tells
C．marks    D．declares
答案：C　考查动词在具体语境中的词义辨析。predict“预言，预报”；tell“讲述，告诉”；mark“标志着”；declare“断言，宣称”。根据句意可知C项正确。
11．(2010·济南模拟)Last Sunday a few of us arranged to meet in town, but Jenny didn't________.
A．turn up    B．give up
C．make up    D．take up
答案：A　考查动词词组辨析。句意：上周日我们几个约好了在镇上见面，可是Jenny没有露面。turn up意思是“出现，露面”，符合题意。
12．(2010·烟台检测)After staying in hospital for long, the patient was advised to get to the seaside to________his health.
A．take up    B．pick up
C．carry up    D．make up
答案：B　考查动词词组辨析。句意：在住院很长时间后，医生建议病人到海边去恢复健康。pick up有“恢复(健康等)”的意思，所以这里选B。
13．(2010·临沂调研)The fact that she never apologized________a lot about what kind of person she is.
A．says    B．talks
C．appears    D．declares
答案：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从来不道歉的事实很能表明她是哪种人。say“表明；指明”；talk“谈话；谈论”；appear“出现”；declare“宣布”。根据题意应选A。
14．(2010·济南一模)Thanks to the success of the business, we can________a flat this year.
A．make    B．devote
C．remove    D．afford
答案：D　考查动词。句意：因为生意很成功，所以今年我们能买得起房子。afford (常与can，could，be able to连用)“买得起，有足够的……(去做……)”。
15．(2010·开封二模)—My sister is a typist at a foreign firm.
—I know this sort of work________skill and speed.
A．asks for    B．calls for
C．looks for    D．waits for
答案：B　考查动词短语。答语句意：这项工作需要技术和速度。call for“需要”。
16．(2010·全国大调研安徽卷)—You know what? Tom wants to be Harry Potter after he graduates from school.
—Are you kidding? He will never________a person like him.
elect是什么意思
A．change        B．turn           
C．make                D．get
答案：C　考查动词用法。此处make是“成为”的意思；turn表示“成为……人”时，后面不用不定冠词来连接名词，change和get没有“成为……人”之意。
17．(2010·唐山一模)The bell rang and every student had to________their examination papers.
A．give up      B．give away   
C．give out          D．give in
答案：D　考查动词短语。句意：铃响了，学生们得交卷了。give in“上交，屈服”；give up“放弃”；give away“泄露，暴露，赠送”；give out“分发，用尽”。
18．(2010·浙江六校联考)More often than not, it is difficult to________the exact meaning of a Tang poem in English.
A．exchange    B．convey       
C．transfer    D．consult
答案：B　考查动词。句意：往往，唐诗翻译成英语后的准确意思很难传达出来。convey“传达，传递，表达”；exchange“交换”；transfer“搬，转换，调动”；consult“与……商量，请教， 查阅(词典、参考书等)”。

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