五年(2019-2023)年高考英语真题分项汇编
专题02 代词、介词和介词短语(解析版)
第一组 代词
〖2023年高考真题题组〗
1.(2023新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents.
答案:their。
解析:考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
3.(2023全国甲卷)In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on sta
mps.
答案:we改为us。
解析:考查代词。句意:在那节课上,我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。作动词show的宾语,应用宾格us。故we改为us。
4.(2023全国乙卷)Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair.
答案:his改为her。
解析:考查代词。句意:上周五,我妈妈决定染头发。此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”,应用代词her。故his改为her。
〖2022年高考真题题组〗
1.(2022全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _____ _____ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
答案:its
解析:考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真—普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
2.(2022全国甲卷)My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school.
答案:去掉my。
解析:考查短语。句意:当我不上学时,我的爸爸经常带我去他的医院。off school为固定短语,表示“不在上学时”,school前面不加任何限定词。故去掉my。
3.(2022全国甲卷)With the efforts made by all sides, we (my father and I) began to understand each other better.
答案:all改为both。
解析:考查限定词。句意:在两方的努力下,我们开始更好地理解对方。结合语境可知,此处表示作者和父亲双方,用both修饰sides,表示两方,all用于三者及以上。故将all改为bo
th。
4.(2022全国乙卷)When you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not causing air pollution.
答案:they改为you。
解析:考查代词。句意:所以你不会制造出二氧化碳,也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知,这里假设“你”骑自行车,前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。
〖2021年高考真题题组〗
1.(2021全国I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in (I).
答案:mine
解析:句意为:对我来说的确如此。指my memory,所以用名词性物主代词作介词的宾语,故填mine.
2.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has ___________(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
答案:its
解析:考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知,此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。
3.(2021年浙江卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of __________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
答案:herself
解析:考查代词。句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的写照,一切都很有品位,井井有条。根据句意可知,此处意为“她自己”,可知此处考查反身代词;提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。
4.(2021全国乙卷)Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on their own.
答案:little改为few; our改为their。
解析:句意:只有一些人选择自己解决问题。结合上文“Many ”及“Some ”可知,此处指一些学生。student为可数名词,应用a few代指。a little通常代指不可数名词。故little改为few。短语on one’s own,意为“独自”,结合句意可知,此处指学生们独自完成,所以要用代词their。故our改为their。
5. (2022天津卷) I’m far________ and I’ll never get this report done by Friday.
A. below surface B. beyond control
C. behind schedule D. above average
答案:C
解析:考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:我远远落后于预定计划,我将无法在星期五之前完成这份报告。A. below surface地表以下;B. beyond control无法控制;C. behind schedule落后于预定计划;D. above average高于平均水平。根据句中“I’ll never get this
report done by Friday”可知,我无法在星期五之前完成这份报告,由此可知,我远远落后于预定计划,“behind schedule”意为“落后于预定计划”,符合语境。故选C项。
〖2020年高考真题题组〗
1.(2020全国I卷)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how __________ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether __________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
答案:much;its
解析:考查形容词。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
2. (2020年山东卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
答案:themselves
解析:考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
3.(2020全国I卷)“Not that way,” my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn out as I had wished.
答案:us改为me。
解析:句意:“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我,但是失败了。根据上文可知,是作者一个人做菜,此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”,应使用第一人称单数的宾格,故将us改为me。
4.(2020全国I卷)Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you soon.
schedule形容词答案:yours改为your。
解析:best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。/句中的yours为
名词性物主代词,不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。
5.(2020全国I卷)I tell my mom that if we’re forced to eat things, we may become ill. But he insists on us eating healthy food.
答案:he改成she。
解析:文中指“我的妈妈”,是女性,所以he改成she。
〖2019年高考真题题组〗
1.(2019年北京卷)Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to ___ __(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
答案:myself
解析:考查代词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
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