【英语】介词选择题练习和答案
一、单项选择介词
1.Citizens are _____ to exercise their rights, but under no circumstances can they violate other people’s rights.
A.on track B.on schedule
C.at ease D.at liberty
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意:公民可以自由地行使自己的权利,但他们绝不能损害他人的权益。A. on track走上正轨;B. on schedule 按时;C. at ease安逸;舒适;D. at liberty自由地。故选D。
2.____ making decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because in the long process of evolution the slow pace of life didn't require such an ability of the human brain.
A.On behalf of B.In contrast to
C.In salute to D.In terms of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:在做决定方面,人类的大脑无法与计算机相比,因为在漫长的进化过程中,生活的缓慢节奏并不需要人类大脑有这样的能力。A. On behalf of代表;B. In contrast to相反;C. In salute to表示敬意;D. In terms of按照,在…方面。此处指在做决定方面,故选D.
3.A great man shows his greatness _____ the way he treats little man.
A.under B.with C.on D.by
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词的用法。“借助某种方法和手段”常用“by ”; 而"with" 强调使用工具,常与 with this method 搭配。
4.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?
A.about B.to
C.with D.over
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词辨析。句意:你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家?home to sth 固定搭配,表示……家园。该句是一个疑问句,其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes _______animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes_____ animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。故选B。
【点睛】
本题考查到了分析句子成分的能力。当遇到一个句子比较复杂的时候,比如含有从句或疑问句时,要划分句子成分。对于疑问句,首先把它转化为陈述句,然后出句子的主谓宾,把那一些修饰成分去掉,最后就可以知道该题考查的是be home to sth.
5.(江苏)Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A.in contrast to B.in defense of
C.in face of D.in relation to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:确定相对于我们周围环境的地理位置仍然是我们生存的基本技能。A. in contrast to与……形成对照;B. in defense of为……辩护;C. in face of面对……;D. in relation to涉及,相对于。根据语境,故选D项。
6.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________it.
A.against B.for
C.to D.with
【答案】A
【解析】
考查介词。be against反对,符合句意。be for支持,赞成;be to到达;be with和……在一起,都与句意不符。
7.(天津卷)The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A.out of control B.out of date
C.out of sight D.out of reach
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意:这本字典过时了。自从它被出版以来,很多单词被添加到这种语言中。
A. out of control失去控制;B. out of date过时的;C. out of sight看不见的;D. out of reach够不着的。根据句意,故选B。
【点睛】
介词短语的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介词短语,这题的介词短语都是out of+名词搭配,但是意思都是大相径庭,学生在平时要注意积累这些相似短语的搭配和含义,做题时结合具体的语境代入各个选项确定答案。由many words have been added to the language since it was published.可以确定是“过时的”。
8.You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be life.
A.of B.on C.to D.for
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词词义辨析。句意:句意:你可以换工作,可以搬家,但友谊是一辈子不变的。 ” 只有“for”表示动作的持续。 “for life ”所以选 D
9.The volunteers aim to help victims of disasters _____ their race or nationally.
A.regardless of B.in spite of
C.on account of D.in charge of
【答案】A
【解析】
schedule形容词【详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:志愿人员的目的是帮助灾难的受害者,不管他们的种族或国籍。A. regardless of不管,不顾;B. in spite of尽管;C. on account of因为;D. in charge of负责。故选A。
10.Everybody was touched ______ words after they heard her moving story.
A.without B.beyond
C.against D.despite
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词辨析。句意:听到她的感人故事之后,每个人感动得无法用语言来形容。A. without没有;B. beyond超越;C. against反对;D. despite尽管。beyond words表示“在言语之外”,即不能用言语来表达,也就是“无法形容”了。故B选项正确。
11.China successfully launched a spacecraft on the far side of the moon, which, _____ misunderstanding, is not always dark.
A.similar to B.familiar to
C.contrary to D.superior to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查形容词。A. similar to与------相似; B. familiar to某事为某人熟知; C. contrary to与------相反; D. superior to比------优越。句意:中国成功地在月球的远端发射了一艘宇宙飞船,这与误解相反,月球远端并不总是黑暗的。结合句意可知答案为C。
12.— How do you think of my composition?
— Almost perfect ________ one spelling mistake.
A.but B.except C.except for D.besides
【答案】C
【解析】
C 考察连词辨析。句义:你认为我的作文怎么样?除了一些拼写错误,几乎很完美。Except for表示整体与局部的关系。如All the essays are well
written except Nelson's. Nelson的文章(除去的)和All the essays(非除去的)是同类事物,所以用except。except for表示除去的和非除去的不是同类事物,并且从语气上通常表示遗憾。如:His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes. a few spelling mistakes (除去的)和His essay(非除去的)是不同类的事物。(3)but与except同义,但but多与every,any,no等或由这些词构成的复合词(如everything,anywhere,nobody)以及all,none之后,如:The children go to school everyday but Sunday.
13.Most online classes let students learn _____ their own pace.
A.at B.to C.from D.by
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:考查介词辨析。A.在,以;B.到、向;C.来自、从;D.通过、依据。句意:很多在线的课程让学生按照自己的节奏学习。at介词短语可表示以某种价格、速度等,at pace这里意思是按照,以某步伐,节奏。故选A。
考点:考查介词辨析
14.My normal monthly emails to and _______ pen pals have disappeared with my tight schedule.
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