历年全国高考英语介词试题汇总及答案
一、单项选择介词
1._______ entering the classroom, remember to take your seat and turn off your cell phone.
A.At    B.From    C.Upon    D.As
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:一进入教室,记得坐下关掉手机。Upon+名词或动名词,表示“一…”,at“在…地方,听见…”,from“来自”,As“做为”,所以选C。
考点:考查介词辨析
2.Modern zoos should shoulder more social responsibility _______ social progress and awareness of the public.
A.in light of    B.in favor of
C.in honor of    D.in praise of
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意:现代的动物园应该根据社会的进步和公众的意识来承担更多的社会责任。A. in light of根据,鉴于;B. in favor of有利于,支持;C. in honor of 为了纪念;D. in praise of歌颂,为赞扬。此处表示根据,故选A。
3.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.
A.of    B.as    C.by    D.with
【答案】Cschedule的形容词
【解析】
考查介词辨析。句意“现在,有的医院直接登记患者的名字,而不是病号。”by name“以名字”。故选C。
4.(浙江)That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help.______, he’s reliable.
A.Or else    B.In short
C.By the way    D.For one thing
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:这个年轻人诚实,有合作精神,当你需要他的帮助的时候,他总是在那里。简言之,他很可靠。A.否则;B.简言之;C.顺便说一下;D.首先。根据句意和各选项分析,故选B。
【点睛】
介词短语的考查通常是一些易混的相似的介词短语,但是意思却是大相径庭。学生在平时要注意积累这些相似短语的搭配和含义,做题时结合具体的语境代入各个选项来确定答案。这句话很明显,前后两句话意思一样,就是后面的内容简短,由此可以确定是“简言之”。
5.The captain of the ship was advised to turn back     a sudden heavy storm.
A.due to    B.by means of
C.in addition to    D.instead of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词词组辨析。句意:由于突然来了一场暴风雨,船长被建议返航。A. due to由于;B. by means of通过;C. in addition to除……之外;D. instead of代替,而不是。故A选项正确。
6.________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
A.According to    B.Instead of
C.In addition to    D.In spite of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词词组。句意:尽管存在所有这些问题,几个运动员还是表现很好。A. according to据(……所说);按(……所报道);B. instead of代替,作为……的替换;C. in addition to另外,加之,除……之外;D. in spite of尽管,不管。前后形成让步关系,故选D。
7.Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employees’ professional development.
A.in effect    B.in command    C.in turn    D.in shape
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意:好的政策事实上都会鼓励员工专业水平的提升。A. in effect实际上,事实上;B. in command指挥;C. in turn轮流,依次;D. in shape在外形上,处于良好的状态。故选A符合语境。
8.Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second-floor windows, ___
___ he could see nothing but trees.
A.where    B.from where
C.which    D.from which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意:下马不久,上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。he could see nothing but trees.为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词at the second-floor windows,故用from where,相当于and from at the second-floor windows,而from where 比where具体形象,故选B。
【点睛】
From where 引导定语从句的用法。用于引导非限制性定语从句,在意义上相当于 and from there(从那儿)。如:
He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上,从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。
We went up to the roof, from where we had a good view of the procession. 我们爬上屋顶,从那儿可以很好地观看游行。
Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.下马不久,上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了.他从那里除了树木什么也没看到.(引导定语从句)
划线部分相当于…,and from at the windows…不可变为from which…,直接用where不如用from where更具体.
2、She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山顶,从那里她可以一览全城风光.(引导定语从句)
划线部分相当于…,and from on the top of the hill或from on the top of which…,不可变为from which,也可直接用where引导,但语义较为含糊,不如用from where更加生动、形象、具体.
9.Before leaving the house, an expression of thanks to the host would be ________.
A.in preparation    B.in place
C.in possession    D.in particular
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查词组。A. in preparation在准备中;B. in place适当的;C. in possession占有,持有;    D. in particular尤其,特别。句意:在离开家之前,要向主人表达感谢。结合句意可知答案为B。
10. The equipment for all of the disabled people ought to be _________ easy reach in public.
A.beyond    B.within    C.near    D.around
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:考查介词。A超越;B在……之内;靠近;D周围。句意:所有残疾人设备都应当在公共场合容易得到。故B正确。
考点:考查介词
11.Stan Lee, an outstanding comic-book writer, created plenty of superheroes in his works, _________ the Spider-man and the X-men are the most famous.
A.for them    B.for which    C.of them    D.of which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词+关系代词。句意:斯坦·李,一位杰出的漫画作家,在他的作品中创造了大量的超级英雄,其中最著名的是蜘蛛侠和x战警。分析句子可知,本句works为先行词,在后面定语从句中,作介词的宾语,所以用关系代词which, 根据句意可知,介词为of表示“...的”。故D选项正确。
【点睛】
如何使用“介词+关系代词”结构
对于“介词+关系代词”结构的使用,重点是要弄清其中的介词如何确定和判断。归纳起来,有以下几点方法:
1. 根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。如:
Water is the natural medium in which fish live. 水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。(注意搭配live
in)
注意,对于那些由动词与介词构成的短语动词,通常不宜将它们拆开使用,此时应注意介词的位置应。如:
The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.
不能说成:The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.
2. 根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。如:

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