专题四　语法填空
第三讲　词性转换、比较等级及名词单复数
真题验证
(2017·全国Ⅲ)
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh－faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A－level course .But unlike her school friends ,16－year－old Sarah is not spending half－term 　　1.resting　　(rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6500 a day as 　　2.a　　 model in New York.
Sarah　　3.has been told/was told　　(tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel earni
ng a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter,44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 　　4.who　　 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 　　5.to prove　　(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 　　6.education　　(educate)．
She has turned down several 　　7.invitations　　(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full－time before going to university to get a degree 　　8.in　　 engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 　　9es　　(come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 　　10.certainly  (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more.”
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要完成学业。
❶解析：考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth.是固定搭配，故填resting。
❷解析：programme用法考查冠词。该空后面model是可数名词单数，此处表示“作为一名模特”，故填a。
❸解析：考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has been told。此外，“被告知”这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told。
❹解析：考查定语从句。此句Sarah是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。
❺解析：考查非谓语动词。want to do是固定搭配，故填to prove。
❻解析：考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her后需用educate的名词形式，故填education。
❼解析：考查名词单复数。invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations。
❽解析：考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。
❾解析：考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes。
解析：考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。
(2016·全国Ⅲ)
In much of Asia, especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan，Korea，　　1.and　　Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might　　2.be made　　(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal　　3.to create　　(create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their fo
od in large pots，　　4.using　　(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time，　　5.as或when　　the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which　　6.gradually　　(gradual)turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，　　7.who　　lived from roughly 551 to 479BC, influenced the　　8.development　　(develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and　　9.were　　(be)too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India, for example, most people traditionally eat　　10.with　　 their hands.
文章大意：本文介绍了筷子的材质和中国使用筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵。
❶解析：考查并列连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的“China，Japan，Korea”之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。
❷解析：考查被动语态。此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。根据make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系及空前的“might”可知，此处应填be made。
❸解析：考查非谓语动词。熟练的工人也会把各种各样的硬木和金属组合起来以创作独特的设计。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。
❹解析：考查非谓语动词。use与其逻辑主语People之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作状语。
❺解析：考查状语从句。随着人口的增长或当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小片。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，表示“随着”或“当……时”，故填as或when。
❻解析：考查副词。应用副词修饰动词。
❼解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Confucius，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
❽解析：考查名词。根据空前的“the”及空后的“of”可知，此处应填名词development。
❾解析：考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的“believed”可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时；从句主语为knives，谓语动词应用复数。故填were。
解析：考查介词。此处指大部分人用手吃饭，故填with。
模拟强化
(2017·华中师大附中月押题)
Nail art is increasingly popular throughout the world and many are using their fingernails____1.to_display____(display) creativity and personality.They like to show off their latest and curiously beautiful designs，especially young women，who are fond of doing so____2.with____the intention of leaving a good impression on others.
As a matter of fact，nail polish(指甲油) and nail art have a long history，dating back to 3000BC in China，India and Egypt，when plants were processed to create a dye used as
a type of nail paint，which ____3.was_applied____ (apply) and represented social class and wealth; deep colors like red were worn by the rich ____4.while/and____ lighter paler colors were used by the poor.People in the Inca civilization painted animals on their nails，showing which tribe(部落) they belonged to！Not until the early 19th century ____5.were____(be) nail paints changed into the nail polish that we see today.Besides various colors，the skills have got improved，leading to ____6.the____nail polish industry's success.

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。