词形变换
一.填空题(共39小题)
1.(2016•淮安)Yang Jiang,a wellknown writer,went to England for further (far) study in 1935.
【解答】答案:further.结合句意是说杨绛去英国深造,更深层次的学习,用比较级,far的比较级further强调深度,farther强调广度,指的是距离上更远,故答案是further.
2.(2016•淮安)On Father's (father) Day,I often prepare a special gift for my father.
【解答】答案:Father's.结合Day可知这里是在说节日,所给单词father是父亲的含义,故这里是表示父亲节,父亲的节日,用名词所有格father's父亲的,节日名词第一个字母要大写,故填Father's.
3.(2016•淮安)The young couple like kids very much and plan to have a second (tw
o) baby.
【解答】答案:second.结合句意和前面的不定冠词a,是说计划再生一个孩子,也就是又一个孩子,故用序数词,two是基数词,second是序数词,故答案是second.
4.(2016•淮安)根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空.
Dick decided to lose weight (weigh) by eating less and doing more exercise.
【解答】答案:weight
联系语境,根据关键词lose为动词,其后应该跟名词;结合提示词weigh为动词"称…的重量",所以此处应用其名词形式weight"重量",此处为固定短语lose weight"减肥",带入句子其意义为"Dick 决定通过少吃和多运动来减肥",符合意义及用法.故填写:weight
5.(2016•淮安)Not only the players but also the coach is (be) playing football now.
【解答】答案:is
联系语境,根据关键部分Not only the players but also the coach 可知此处为not only…but also(不但…而且)连接了两个主语,这时谓语动词要和最近的主语(即but also后的主语)在人称和数上保持一致,即遵循"就近原则";所以这里应根据the coach 去决定谓语动词的单复数;结合给出的提示词be及后面的playing及now可知此句的时态应为现在进行时,指正在踢球,其构成是am/is/are+现在分词;由于the coach为三单,所以此处应用单数is.故填写:is
6.(2016•淮安)Linda and her friends enjoyed themselves (they) on the Great Wall yesterday.
【解答】答案:themselves
联系语境,根据关键词enjoyed并结合提示词they,可知此处应用固定短语enjoy oneself来表达,意为"玩得高兴";主语Linda and her friends为复数,所以空处应用they(她们)的反身代词themselves(她们自己);句意为:Linda 和她的朋友们昨天在长城玩得很开心,符合句意及用法.故填:themselves
7.(2016•淮安)The old film that is often thought of brought (bring) us much happiness those days.
【解答】答案:brought
联系语境,并分析句子结构,可知 that is often thought of 这一部分是定语从句,修饰先行词即主语The old film,意为"让我们经常想起的老电影"(此处使用了一般现在时的被动语态);结合给出的动词bring(带来)可知空处应为句子的谓语;根据时间状语those days(那些日子)指已经是过去的事情,所以此句应用一般过去时表达,故动词bring应用其过去式为brought,意为"那些日子带给我们太多快乐".故填写:brought
8.(2015•淮安)Please don't go swimming (swim) on your own.It's too dangerous.
【解答】答案:swimming 根据所给词swim,可知这是动词.其前的go为动词.故swim为非谓语动词.根据go+doing结构,可知此处需要固定短语go swimming(去游泳).故答案为swimming.
9.(2015•淮安)The office worker catches (catch) the early bus to work every day.programme用法
【解答】答案:catches 根据时间状语every day,可知本句时态为一般现在时(动词原形或动词的三单形式).根据主语"the office worker",可知这是第三人称单数,故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式.catch是以ch结尾的,故要加es.故答案为catches.
10.(2015•淮安)Emily's mother didn't allow her to watch her favorite programme Running Man and it made her unhappy (happy).
【解答】答案:unhappy 根据所给词happy,可知这是形容词"高兴的".made为使役动词,其后接形容词或不带to的不定式.根据Emily's mother didn't allow her to watch her favorite programme Running Man,可知and后的it指代妈妈不让她看最喜欢的电视这件事,可知这件事让她不高兴.不高兴为unhappy.故答案为unhappy.
11.(2015•淮安)Miss Green advised us to decorate a card for each other with those leaves (leaf).
【解答】答案:leaves 根据其前的指示代词those,可知其后要接可数名词的复数形式.根据所给词leaf,可知此单词是以f结尾的.以f/fe结尾名词,复数通常变f/fe为v加es.如:shelf﹣shelves.故答案为leaves.
12.(2015•淮安)Little Edison is clever enough to learn paper﹣cutting by himself (he).
【解答】答案:himself 根据所给词he,可知此处所给的是人称代词.根据主语little Edison,可知此处的he与主语为同一人,teach oneself=learn…by oneself 自学.故此处应用反身代词表示自学剪纸.故答案为himself.
13.(2015•淮安)It's important for us to use natural resources wisely ﹣(wise).
【解答】答案:wisely 根据所给词wise,可知这是形容词"明智的",形容词一般放在系动词之后,名词之前.故此处不使用形容词.根据use natural resources…可知,此空是修饰动词use,表示明智地使用.修饰动词要用副词.wise的副词形式为wisely,修饰动词use.故答案为wisely.
14.(2015•淮安)Peter and his wife live on the seventh/7th (seven) floor and they go up and down by lift.
【解答】答案:seventh/7th 根据live on the…floor中的floor,可知楼层为单数形式.且前面有定冠词the.所给词为基数词seven,基数词(大于一)后要接名词的复数形式.故此空不可以填基数词.数词除了基数词外还有序数词,序数词前要加the,且后面接名词的单数形式.符合题目中的条件,故此处需填序数词seventh或7th.故答案为seventh/7th
15.(2013•淮安)If it rains (rain) tomorrow,we won't go swimming.
【解答】答案:rains
本句考查if引导的条件状语从句,在含有条件状语从句中的复合句中,如果主句用一般将来时,从句使用一般现在时表将来,一般现在时的构成是:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式;且从句中主语it 是第三人称单数形式,再根据句意"如果明天下雨,我们就不去游泳了.",故填rains.
16.(2013•淮安)These years,the air quality has become worse (bad) than befor
e.
【解答】答案:worse.
提示词 bad是形容词,意为"差的",根据所给单词结合语境 可以推测句意为"这几年,空气质量状况比以前变差了.",由于设空处单词有than,所以应填形容词比较级,故答案为:worse.
17.(2013•淮安)Chinese style road crossing is a bad habit and must be prevented (prevent).
【解答】答案:prevented.
首先根据语境推测句意是:"中国式过马路"是一个很坏的习惯,必须被阻止,主语Chinese style road crossing 是动作prevent 的承受者,确定用被动语态,设空处前面有情态动词must,说明本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态,其构成是:主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词. 故答案为:prevented
18.(2013•淮安)I'm glad to hear that my favourite singer (sing) has come to our city.
【解答】答案:singer.
提示词 sing是动词,意为"唱歌",根据所给单词结合语境 可以推测句意为"听说我最喜欢的歌手来到我们城市我很开心.",由于设空处单词放在形容词favourite后面,所以应填名词,且根据设空处后面的助动词has确定用名词单数,sing的名词形式是singer,故答案为:singer.
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