Comprehension
I. Judge which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the article.
A. To be able to use the right word is an important component of one’s mastery of the English language.
B. To facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s communication with others, one must be able to choose the right word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language.
C. It is more important to know exactly the meaning and use of a relatively small number of words than to know vaguely a larger number.
B. To facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s communication with others, one must be able to choose the right word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language.
C. It is more important to know exactly the meaning and use of a relatively small number of words than to know vaguely a larger number.
II. Determine which is the best choice for each of the following questions.
1. "Clean English" in the first paragraph means .
A. English of a dignified style
B. English free from swear words
C. English which is precise and clear
A. English of a dignified style
B. English free from swear words
C. English which is precise and clear
2.The word "realization" in the sentence "Choosing words is part of the process of realization…" means .
A. articulating sounds
B. fulfilling one’s goals
C. becoming aware of what one thinks and feels
A. articulating sounds
B. fulfilling one’s goals
C. becoming aware of what one thinks and feels
3. The example given in para. 3 of a man searching for the right word for his feelings about his friend illustrates the function words perform in .
A. defining out thoughts and feelings for ourselves
B. defining our thoughts and feelings for those who hear us
C. both A and B
A. defining out thoughts and feelings for ourselves
B. defining our thoughts and feelings for those who hear us
C. both A and B
4. The word "cleanly" in the last sentence means .
A. squarely
B. clearly
C. neatly
A. squarely
B. clearly
C. neatly
5.The examples of the untranslatability of some words given in para. 11 best illustrate which sentence of the paragraph?
A. The first sentence.
archaicB. The second sentence.
C. The third sentence.
A. The first sentence.
archaicB. The second sentence.
C. The third sentence.
III. Answer the following questions.
1. Which sentence in the first paragraph establishes the link between the driving of a nail and the choice of a word?
2. What does the word "this" in sentence 1, para. 2, refer to?
3. Do you agree with the author that there is a great deal of truth in the seemingly stupid question "How can I know what I think till I see what I say"? Why or why not?
4. Explain why the word "imprison" in the example given in para. 9, though not a malapropism, is still not the right word for the writer’s purpose.
5. What is the difference between "human" and "humane"? And the difference betwe
2. What does the word "this" in sentence 1, para. 2, refer to?
3. Do you agree with the author that there is a great deal of truth in the seemingly stupid question "How can I know what I think till I see what I say"? Why or why not?
4. Explain why the word "imprison" in the example given in para. 9, though not a malapropism, is still not the right word for the writer’s purpose.
5. What is the difference between "human" and "humane"? And the difference betwe
en "human action" and "humane action", and also that between "human killer" and "humane killer"?
6. What does the word "alive" in the sentence "a student needs to be alive to these differences" <para. 9> mean?
7. Why is it difficult and sometimes even impossible to translate a word from one language into another as illustrated in para. 11? Supply some such examples with English and Chinese.
8. The writer begins his article with an analogy between the unskilled use of the hammer and the improper choice of words. Identify the places where the analogy is referred to in the rest of the article.
6. What does the word "alive" in the sentence "a student needs to be alive to these differences" <para. 9> mean?
7. Why is it difficult and sometimes even impossible to translate a word from one language into another as illustrated in para. 11? Supply some such examples with English and Chinese.
8. The writer begins his article with an analogy between the unskilled use of the hammer and the improper choice of words. Identify the places where the analogy is referred to in the rest of the article.
Language Work
I. Read the following list of words and consider carefully the meaning of each word. Then complete each of the sentences below using the correct form of an appropriate word from the list.
CreepLoiterMarch Meander Pace Patrol Plod Prowl Ramble Roam Saunter
Shuffle Stagger Stalk Step Stride Strut Stroll Toddle Tramp Tread Trudge Walk
Shuffle Stagger Stalk Step Stride Strut Stroll Toddle Tramp Tread Trudge Walk
1. After the maths examination Fred, feeling exhausted, across the campus.
2. The soldiers reached their camp after 15 miles through the deep snow.
3. It is pleasant to in the park in the evening.
4. After the cross-country race Jack to the changing room.
5. Last night when he sleepily to the ringing telephone, he accidentally bumped into the wardrobe.
6. We saw him towards the station a few minutes before the train’s departure.
7. The old couple through the park, looking for a secluded bench to sit on and rest.
8. The newly-appointed general about the room like a latter-day Napoleon.
9. Peter whistled happily as he along the beach.
10. These old people liked to about the antique ruins in search of a shady picnic spo
2. The soldiers reached their camp after 15 miles through the deep snow.
3. It is pleasant to in the park in the evening.
4. After the cross-country race Jack to the changing room.
5. Last night when he sleepily to the ringing telephone, he accidentally bumped into the wardrobe.
6. We saw him towards the station a few minutes before the train’s departure.
7. The old couple through the park, looking for a secluded bench to sit on and rest.
8. The newly-appointed general about the room like a latter-day Napoleon.
9. Peter whistled happily as he along the beach.
10. These old people liked to about the antique ruins in search of a shady picnic spo
t.
11. Many tourists about the mall, windowshopping.
12. We were fascinated by the view outside the room----a beautiful verdant meadow and brooks through it.
13. Mary used to about the hills and pick wild flowers for her mother.
14. Eager to see the pony in the stable, the children down the staircase, their hearts pounding violently.
15. The lion had the jungle for a long time before it caught sight of a hare.
16. My brother began to when he was ten months old.
17. The farmers often let their horses freely in the meadow so that they could eat their fill of grass.
18. The patrols were along through the undergrowth when the bomb exploded.
19. The thugs were reported to be the streets for women workers who were on their way home after the afternoon shift.
20. The first-year students not only learned how to , they were also taught how to ta
11. Many tourists about the mall, windowshopping.
12. We were fascinated by the view outside the room----a beautiful verdant meadow and brooks through it.
13. Mary used to about the hills and pick wild flowers for her mother.
14. Eager to see the pony in the stable, the children down the staircase, their hearts pounding violently.
15. The lion had the jungle for a long time before it caught sight of a hare.
16. My brother began to when he was ten months old.
17. The farmers often let their horses freely in the meadow so that they could eat their fill of grass.
18. The patrols were along through the undergrowth when the bomb exploded.
19. The thugs were reported to be the streets for women workers who were on their way home after the afternoon shift.
20. The first-year students not only learned how to , they were also taught how to ta
ke aim and shoot when they had military training.
21. Sometimes Tom, our reporter, would up and down the study, deep in thought.
22. When he was Third Street, Fred found the little match girl lying dead at the street corner.
23. Secretaries hated seeing their new manager in and out of the office without even casting a glance at them.
24. Mother asked us to lightly so as not to wake Granny.
25. The refugees for miles and miles all day hunting for a place to work.
26. When the pop singer out of the car, his fans ran to him, eager to get his autograph.
27. The laborers on their way home after working in the plantation the whole day.
28.The lion was feeling pretty good as he <A> through the jungle. Seeing a tiger, the lion stopped it.
"Who is the King of the jungle?" the lion demanded.
"You, O lion, are the King of the jungle," replied the tiger.
21. Sometimes Tom, our reporter, would up and down the study, deep in thought.
22. When he was Third Street, Fred found the little match girl lying dead at the street corner.
23. Secretaries hated seeing their new manager in and out of the office without even casting a glance at them.
24. Mother asked us to lightly so as not to wake Granny.
25. The refugees for miles and miles all day hunting for a place to work.
26. When the pop singer out of the car, his fans ran to him, eager to get his autograph.
27. The laborers on their way home after working in the plantation the whole day.
28.The lion was feeling pretty good as he <A> through the jungle. Seeing a tiger, the lion stopped it.
"Who is the King of the jungle?" the lion demanded.
"You, O lion, are the King of the jungle," replied the tiger.
Satisfied, the lion <B> on, until he came across a large, ferocious-looking leopard.
"Who is the King of the jungle?" asked the lion, and the leopard bowed in awe. "You, mighty lion, you are the King of the jungle," it said humbly and <C> off.
Feeling on top of the world, the lion proudly <D> up to a huge elephant and asked the same question. "Who is the King of the jungle?"
Without answering, the elephant picked up the lion, swirled him round in the air, smashed him to the ground and jumped on him.
"Look," said the lion, "there’s no need to get mad just because you didn’t know the answer."
"Who is the King of the jungle?" asked the lion, and the leopard bowed in awe. "You, mighty lion, you are the King of the jungle," it said humbly and <C> off.
Feeling on top of the world, the lion proudly <D> up to a huge elephant and asked the same question. "Who is the King of the jungle?"
Without answering, the elephant picked up the lion, swirled him round in the air, smashed him to the ground and jumped on him.
"Look," said the lion, "there’s no need to get mad just because you didn’t know the answer."
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