牛津英语 M１U3 重点词汇讲解
1.make 后接名词、形容词、省略 to 的动词不定式或过去分词等作宾补。例如：
weight可不可数The workers made him head of the workshop. 工人们选他当车间主任。
A heavy rain made the road rather slippery. 一场大雨使道路相当滑。
He began to make faces just in order to make the other students laugh.
I raised my voice to make myself heard. 我进步声音为的是让别人听见我的话。
2.stay 保持，是系动词，后接形容词，副词，介词。〔注意和remain与keep的区别〕
The weather has stayed warm all week.
stay up 不睡觉、熬夜 stay in 呆在家里 stay still 静止不动
3．be dying to do=have a strong desire to do=be anxious / eager to do sth. 常用于口语，意为“很想做某事〞或“渴望做某事〞。例：I’m dying to see you. 我渴望见到你。
There was a time when many young people were dying to go abroad.
类似的短语有 be thirsty for sth.(渴望得到某物)，long for sth.(渴望得到某物)，expect to do sth. (期望做某事)，wish to do sth.(希望做某事)，hope to do sth.(希望做某事)。
be dying for something
He is dying for a cigarette. 他很想要香烟。
She is dying for a cup of coffee. 她很想要一杯咖啡
4.hear form 与hear of/about
① hear from sb.= receive one’s letter / telephone 意为“收到某人的来信/ 〞。例如：
I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 我期待收到你的来信。
② hear of / about sth. 意为“知道某事〞或“听说过某事〞。例如：
I’ve never heard of this story. 我从未听说过这个故事。
5.figure n．
① 体态， 体型 She has an attractive figure.
How does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much?
② 人物，名人 He has become a figure known to everyone.
③ 数字 Add up these figures.
④ 画像，肖像 The stone figures in the temple look frightening.
【短语】 figure out = ①come to understand by thinking 弄明白，理解
= ② calculate 计算出
have/ keep a good figure 拥有/保持好身材 be good / poor at figures 擅长/不擅长计算
6.work out 的用法
① 它可表示“锻炼〞或“运动〞。例如：
The famous actors keep fit by working out in the gym every day.
这些著名的演员们通过每天在健身房做大量的运动来保持安康。
② 它可表示“计算出〞或“解决〞。例如：
I have worked out the expenses of the month. 我已经计算出这个月的开支。
③ 它可表示“方案〞或“设计〞。例如：
We must work out a plan as quickly as possible. 我们必须尽快地做出方案。
④ 它可表示“结果〞。例如：
We didn’t plan our art exhibition, but it worked out very well.
我们并没有方案我们的艺术展览，但它的展出结果非常令人满意。
⑤ 它可表示“理解〞。例如：
The plot is very complicated, and it’ll take you a while to work it out.
情节极其复杂，你要花一些时间才能弄明白。
⑥ 它可表示“按某种方式发生〞。例如：
Financially, things have worked out very well for us. 我们的经济情况很好。
7．辨析：especially, specially
① especially 意为“非常地〞或“尤其〞，通常用于强调某事物，或表示该事物比其他议论的事物更值得一提或重要。例如：
It can be especially difficult for drivers to see cyclists at night.
I hate interruptions, especially when I’m trying to work. 我不喜欢被打断，尤其是在工作时间。
② specially 表示“专门地〞。通常用于表示所做之事因某种特殊目的而异于平常。例如：
I have come specially to see you. 我专门来看你的。
8. weight ① n (U) 重量，体重
lose weight put on weight = gain weight watch one’s weight 注意体重
buy or sell sth. by weight 按某物的重量买卖 in weight 在重量方面
be of a weight=be of the same weight 一样重 (be of an age=be of the same age 年龄一样大)
注：提问“……多重，重量多少〞时用what, 不用how much. What’s your weight?
② weigh v. 称…的重量; 权衡 How much do you weigh?
weigh your words before you speak
9. ashamed 的用法
① be ashamed of sth.意为“对(某事)感到惭愧或难为情〞。例如：
He is ashamed of his failure. 他对自己的失败感到惭愧。
另外，表示“做了某事而感到惭愧〞习惯用 be ashamed of doing sth. 或 be ashamed of having done sth.。例如：He is ashamed of having failed. 他为自己的失败而惭愧。
be ashamed to do sth. 因惭愧而不情愿做某事
② 辨析：ashamed, shameful
ashamed 意为“感到羞耻的〞或“惭愧的〞，它一般作表语或后置定语。shameful 意为“可耻的〞或“令人羞耻的〞。它是贬义词。例如：She felt ashamed. 她感到惭愧。
What a shameful thing he did just now! 他刚刚做了一件多么可耻的事啊!
注： to one’s shame 令人感到羞耻的是
10. work
① 它作动词时可意为“能〞、“行得通〞、“生效〞或“起作用〞。例如：
Your idea won’t work in practice. 你的想法在理论中是行不通的。
Does this light work? 这个灯还亮吗？ The medicine worked. 那药物产生了作用。
② 它作动词时可意为“做工作〞。例如：
Many people have to work in order to make a living. 大多数人为生存而不得不工作。
He is working on a new novel. 他在写一本新小说。
③ 它作动词时可表示“(机器等)运转〞或“操作(机器等)〞。例如：
The machine works by electricity. 这台机器是电动的。
Can you work this machine? 你能操作这台机器吗？
④ 它作不可数名词时可意为“工作〞。例如：
He has a piece of work. 他有工作。
⑤ 它作可数名词。 “作品〞或“著作〞时是可数名词，复数时表示一个人的全部著作。例如：
This is a new work of his novels. 这是他小说中的最新一部。
He has read many of Hemingway’s works. 他读过许多海明威的作品。
11. priceless=invaluable adj 贵重的 无价的 I think your advice priceless。
worthless=valueless=useless 无价值的 These old papers are worthless〔valueless=useless.〕
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