1. Stand: v. keep or stay in a particular position, “stand” is followed by adj. or adjective-like phrase.让……保持……的状态
The room stands idle.
They stood ready to move at short notice.
Stand firm—don’t let them tell you what to do.
Stand also can be used as a linking verb
They stand opposite to the new law.
2. Still: adj. not moving, motionless, clam, quite
Keep still while I do up your shoe.站着别动，我给你系鞋带。
The sea was clam and still.
Still water run deep.人静心深。weight可不可数
This word can also be used as a verb with a related meaning.
The food stilled the baby’s cries. = When the baby eat the food, he stopped crying.
3. Fall behind:
1) Become bit by bit further behind 一点一点的再落后
Fall behind in science
Fall behind one’s competitors落后于竞争对手
The student has been working hard for fear that he should fall behind.
2) (with) fail to produce sth. at the proper time拖欠，落下
Fall behind with the rent
I’m falling behind with my work; I must try to catch up.
Notice that for this sense, the preposition “with” is used with the verb phrase.
4. Result in: have as a result; cause导致
Acting before thinking always result in failing.
The accident resulted in the death of two people. =…result in two people being killed.
Compare: result from: be caused by
Nothing has result from his efforts.
2 people’s death resulted from this accident.
The child’s illness result from eating unclean food.
5. Slave to sth: a person who is completely influenced or dominated(受控的) by sth
A slave to drink; a slave to money
6. Nothing but: only
He’s nothing but a criminal(罪犯).
The report contains nothing but lies.
7. Budget: v. plan the spending of (time, money, ect.),or provide (time, money) in the plan
She has made so many commitments that she has to budget her time very carefully.(make a commitment作出承诺)
The government has budgeted for two bridges in the city.
She budgeted for buying a new car.
Very often this word is used as a noun to mean a plan of how to spend money, etc. during a particular time for a particular purpose
A family/week’s budget
The company’s advertising budget
It is important to balance this year’s budget.
8. Run out of:
1) (of liquid or sth. like liquid) flow out of
Many rivers run out of the Himalayas.
2) Use all one’s supplies, have no more
I’m afraid we’ve run out of gas.
I’m running out of patience.
9. Count: v. if sth. counts, it is important or valuable.
Every second counts.
She’s the only person that really counts around here.
10. In a rush: in a hurry
Why is she always in such a rush?
11. Restlessly: impatiently
The man repeatedly looked at his watch while walking up and down restlessly in the room.
12. Race through: do sth. in a hurry
The government raced the new law through all its stages so as to complete it before the election.
The child raced through his homework in order to watch the football match on TV.
13. Abrupt: adj.
1) (of behavior) rough
An abrupt attitude
When I asked her about my new job, she was quite abrupt with me. (be abrupt with sb.)
2) Sudden and unexpected
The meeting came to an abrupt end.
An abrupt change of policy
An abrupt drop in oil prices油价突降
14. Brief: adj. short and not containing too many details
His remarks is brief and to the point.
Notice: in brief=in as few words as possible
The news in brief新闻提要
In brief, take no risks whatever.
15. Take…personally: if you take someone’s remarks personally, you are upset because you think that they are being critical about you in particular.
You mustn’t take her negative comments of your plan personally.
16. Go with: exist or take place at the same time, be found together
Happiness does not go as an automatic(自动的) result with money.有钱不一定幸福。
Responsibility goes with becoming a father.
17. Leisurely: adj. without hurry.
Notice that it is an adjective, not an adverb. In English, “noun+ly” are both adjectives.
Walk at a leisurely pace
I had a leisurely glass of beer.
18. Assess: vt. Judge the quality, importance, or worth of
He’s so lazy that it’s difficult to assess his ability.
It’s too early to assess the effects of the new law.
19. Extended: lasting(持久的) for a long period of time
The child has received formal education over an extended period.
20. Much less: and even less likely更不用说
The old man can hardly walk, much less run.
We must not think of this writer as a radical socialist politician, much less a leader of revolution.

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