2020届高三百所名校好题速递分项汇编之语法填空(第01期)
【安徽省“江淮十校”2019-2020年高三上学期第一次联考】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式
We’ve all turned to sad music to make us feel 41 (good)at some point in our lives, but why does doubling down on the sadness help drag us out of the mire(泥沼 )?
A new study sheds light on what’s going on inside our brains 42 we match our music to our feelings. It looks like sad music can be enjoyable -rather than 43 (simple) depressing- because it triggers positive memories that can help to lift our mood. Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says there 44 (be)two groups of possible 45 (explain)for why we enjoy listening to sad music like this: one from social psychology, and one from cognitive neuroscience(认知神经学).
In terms of social psychology, one way of 46 (think) about this is that we feel much better about 47 (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process kno
wn as downward social comparison. Everything’s going to be okay, because this person 48 (have) an even worse day than you are.
Another theory from social psychology is that people like to listen 49 music that mirrors the tone of their current life circumstances -the songs act as 50 sort of tuning fork(音叉) for our own situations and they resonate(共鸣) with us.
【答案】41.better42.when/as43.planations46.thinking47.ourselves48.is 50.a
【解析】这是一篇说明文。我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些,但是为什么更多的悲伤反而会让我们走出低谷呢?社会心理学有的派别认为是通过下行社会比较让我们感觉好一些,有的派别认为是那些悲伤的音乐让我们产生心理共鸣,所以感觉会好一些。
41.考查形容词比较级。句意:我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些。空格处单词位于系动词feel后,应用形容词形式。根据句意“让我们感受更好受一些”,应使用形容词比较级形式。且空格处单词与第三段中的“feel much better”呼应,故填better。
42.考查时间状语从句中的连词。句意:一项新的研究阐明了当我们将所听的音乐与心中感受配对的时候我们大脑里到底发生了什么。根据句意,这是一个时间状语从句。由于空格后句子使用的是一般现在时,所以空格处连词可以填when/as。
43.考查副词。句意:其结果显示:悲伤的音乐也能带来愉悦而不是简单地令人低落。空格处单词修饰形容词depressing,应用副词形式。故填simply。
44.考查主谓一致。句意:关于我们为什么喜欢听悲伤的音乐有两派可能的解释。这里使用的是there be句型,be动词与其后主语保持一致。句中“two groups of”为复数意义,故be动词填are。
45.考查名词的复数形式。句意同上。空格处单词位于形容词后介词前,应用名词形式。“explain(解释)”的名词形式为explanation,且为可数名词。这句话后列出了来自社会心理学与来自认知神经科学的两派解释,所以空格处名词用复数形式。故填explanations。
46.考查动名词。句意:从社会心理学这一派来讲,有一种思路是:当我们把注意力集中在一个比我们过得还惨的人身上时,我们会觉得好受些。空格位于介词of后,且think about是动词词组,所以空格处填动名词形式。故填thinking。
47.考查反身代词。句意同上。由于表语从句的从句部分主语we与about后的宾语指代的是同一类人,所以介词后宾语使用反身代词。we的反身代词为ourselves,故填ourselves。
48.考查时态语态与主谓一致。句意:一切都会好起来的,因为这个人比你过得更惨。这是原因状语从句,前半句使用的是一般现在时,所以从句部分也使用一般时态。根据句意,从句部分使用一般现在时或现在进行时都可以,主语this person是第三人称单数,故填is having/has。
49.考查介词。句意:另一个假说是人们喜欢听那些能反映自己现在生活境况基调的音乐,这些歌对于我们的境况来讲起到了类似音叉的作用,它们与我们产生了共鸣。“listen”是不及物动词,后边加名词时需要加介词to,故填to。
50.考查冠词。句意同上。空格位于单数名词sort前,空格前为介词,所以空格处需要填冠词。weigh名词“a sort of”意为“一种”,为固定搭配。故填a。
【2020届8月贵州省贵阳市普通高中高三摸底】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One night, 41 winter, a bear came into the city in Vancouver Canada. It walked through the city streets past houses, shops and offices. Then it 42 (find) some food in bins outside a restaurant and started eating. In the morning, someone saw the bear and called the police. The police came with a vet (兽医) from the city zoo. They put the bear in a lorry and took it to the mountains outside the city. 43 (lucky), the bear was safe. But 44 happens in other countries when big animals come into cities? In Vancouver it is unusual 45 (see) a bear, but in some cities you can see big animals on the city streets every day.
Big animals usually come into cities to find food. In Cape Town in South Africa baboons (狒狒) come into the city when they are 46 (hunger). Human food is very bad for the baboons 47 (tooth) because it has a lot of sugar. Now, there are Baboon Monitors working in Cape Town. 48 (they) job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.
In Berlin in Germany, pigs sometimes come into the city for food. They eat flowers and plan
ts in parks and gardens. Sometimes they eat vegetables from gardens 49 they walk in the street, causing accidents. Some people like the pigs and they give them food and water to drink. Other people do not like the pigs and they want the government and the police to stop them 50 (enter) the city.
【答案】41.in42.found43. h48.ing
【解析】这是一篇说明文。说明了世界各个城市动物进入城市中寻食物的现象。
41.考查介词。句意:冬天的一个晚上,一只熊来到了加拿大温哥华。短语in winter“在冬天”,故填in。
42.考查动词时态。句意:然后它在一家餐馆外面的垃圾箱里发现了一些食物,开始吃起来。根据下文并列谓语started可知应用一般过去时,故填found。
43.考查副词。句意:幸运的是,熊是安全的。修饰整个句子应用副词,故填Luckily。
44.考查疑问代词。句意:但是在其他国家,当大型动物进入城市时会发生什么呢?短语what happen“发生什么事”,故填what。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意:在温哥华,熊是不常见的,但在一些城市,你每天可以看到大动物在城市街道上。固定句式it is unusual to do sth.“做某事是不寻常的”。故填to see。
46.考查形容词。句意:在南非的开普敦,狒狒在饥饿的时候来到城市。根据上文are可知应填形容词作表语,故填hungry。
47.考查名词的数。句意:人类的食物对狒狒的牙齿非常有害,因为它含有大量的糖。tooth为可数名词,前面没有冠词故应用复数形式。故填teeth。
48.考查物主代词。句意:他们的工作是在城市里到狒狒,然后把它们送回农村。job为名词需要形容词性物主代词修饰,故填Their。
49.考查连词。句意:有时他们吃蔬菜从花园和他们走在街上,造成事故。根据句意上下文为承接关系,故填and。
50.考查非谓语动词。句意:其他人不喜欢猪,他们希望政府和警察阻止他们进入城市。短语stop sb doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”,故填entering。
【广西柳州市2020届高三摸底】阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We've all heard that breakfast is 41 most important meal in the day.It may actually be true.Recently, a study of more than 50,000 adults aged 30 and older 42 (find) that people who have breakfast are more likely to lose 43 (weigh) than those who don't eat a morning meal.Other studies connect not eating breakfast 44 a higher risk of high blood pressure, heart disease and so on.
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