比较级与最高级
比较的用法：
①双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级+than”的结构表示。例如：this pen is better than that one. he is cleverer than his sister.但注意这种表达法：she is the older of the two sisters.
②表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构表示。例如：this park is less beautiful than that one.
③表示一方超过另一方的水准或数量时,可在比较级前加表示水准的状语(如even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far,yet,by far等)修饰。例如：he works even harder than before. things are far worse than expected.注意：英语比较级前若无even,still,yet等时,译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”,或不译出,一般不用“更”。例如：she feels better than yesterday.她比昨天好些了。please come earlier tomorrow.请明天早点来。注意：by far通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面,如放在前面,应在中间加“the”。例如：he is taller by far than his brother.he is by far the taller of the two brothers.
④表示一方随另一方的程序而变化,即表达“越……(就)越……”意义时,用the+比较级(主语+谓语),the+比较级(主语+谓语)”的结构。例如：the harder he worked,the more progress he made. the more you listen to english,the easier it becomes.
⑤不与其它事物相比,表示本身水准的改变,即表达“越来越……”意义时,用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构。例如：the weather is getting colder and colder. the city is becoming more and more beautiful.
⑥“no+比较级”与“not+比较级”结构含义不同。“no+比较级”表示两个人(事物)都含有与该形容词相反的属性;“not+比较级”表示两个事物都具有该形容词的属性,仅仅在水准上前者不如后者。试比较：tom is no taller than jack.(=tom is as short as jack.) tom is not taller than jack.(=tom is not so tall as jack.)
⑦某些以or结尾的形容词实行比较时,用to代替than。(这些词有inferior,superior,junior,senior,prior等。)例如：he is su-perior to mr. wang in mathematics.
⑧在比较从句中,为了避免重复,我们通常用that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that
指物,one既可指人,也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词。例如：the book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk. a box made of iron is stronger than the one made of wood.
⑨倍数表示法。假定两事物a和b对比,比较中有a是b的几倍和a比b大(小)几倍两种情况：
(1)a是b的几倍可表示为：imes as+形容词(副词)原级+as
b./imes the size(length/height/amount etc.)of b.例如：这座桥是旧桥的3倍长。
①this bridge is three times as long as the old one.
②this bridge is three times the length of the old one.
[解题过程]

(2)a比b大(小)几倍或多(少)几倍可表示为：
imes+比较级+than
b./imes+more(less)than b.例如：这座桥比旧桥长3倍。this birdge is three times longer than that of the old one.=this bridge is four times as long as the old one.再如：我厂今年的产量比去年多2倍。the output of our plant this year is twice larger than last year.=the output of our plant this year is three times the amount of last year.用times表示倍数,一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍能够用twice或double。
最高级的用法：
①三者或三者以上相比,表示最高水准时,用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如：zhang hua is the tallest of the three. he works(the)hardest in his class. this is the most brave nation in the world.
②最高级可被序数词以及much,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not quite,not really,nothing like等词语所修饰。例如：this hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. how much did the second most expensive hat cost.
③表示“最高水准”的形容词(如ex-cellent,extreme,perfect,favourite等)没有最高级,也不能用比较级。
④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时,被修饰的词往往省略。例如：he is the tallest(boy)in his class.
⑤作状语的副词最高级前能够不加定冠词。例如：of all the boys he came(the)earliest.
⑥下列比较级结构可用来表同一范畴内的最高级的含义：
1.形/副比较级+        than+any other+单数可数名词
                    < (any of) the other+复数名词
                      any others/the others
                      any of the+复数名词
2.形/副比较级+than+anyone else/anything else
3.形/副比较级+than+ever(before)
4.no+形/副比较级+分句than分句,例如：
india produces more films than any other country in the world .they make fun of me because i’m shorter than anyone else.
they make fun of me because i’m shorter than anyone else.
as a result,the number of people who travel by plane in china is larger than ever before.
mary is no richer than jane.
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主题：比较级和最高级.
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形容词比较级：
一般情况下+er
eg tall--taller
以辅音字母+y结尾要去掉y+ier
happy--happier
以一个原因+一个辅音结尾要双写+er
big--bigger
多音节单词（3个音节或以上）要+more+原级
beautiful--more beautiful
不规则：
good--better / well--better / bad--worse / ill--worse
many--more / much--more / far--further /little--less
than的用途是“比”的意思。
be后，比较级前，能够加一些修饰词，eg：a little一点点 / a lot+much 很多 /
句子：
He is taller than me.
weigh名词He is 30cm taller than me.
He is a little taller than me.
形容词比较级前一般不加the，加the是指特指。
eg：The more popular one is better.

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