英语形容词比较级和最高级讲解与练习
绝大多数形容词有三种形式，原级，比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级：形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。例如: poor tall greatglad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级：形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下:
1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。
great(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
2) 以-e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r 和-st 构成。
wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
3)少数以-er, -ow, - le结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。或者加mor e，和most来构成。
gentle(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
narrow(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
4) 以-y 结尾，但-y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是改 -y为i, 加上-er 和-est 构成.
happy(原形) (比较级) (最高级)
5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用m ore 和most 加在形容词前面来构成。
beauti ful (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
diffic ult (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级------比较级------最高级
g ood/well------better------best
many/much------more------most
little------less-----least
bad/ill-----worse------worst
far------farthe r, furthe r------farthe st, furthe st
old------older,elder-----oldest,eldest
形容词前如加less 和 least则表示"较不"和"最不"
import ant 重要 less import ant 较不重要 leastimport ant 最不重要
(7)部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式：如，favour ite round
形容词原级用法：比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…
（1）“A…+as+形容词原级+a s+B”
He is as tall as me. 他和我一样高。
Englis h is as intere sting as Chines e. 英文和中文一样有趣。
You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.
你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
（2）否定句中的结构：“A…not+as/so+形容词原级+a s+B”
It is not as/so good as what you said.
那没有你说的那么好。
形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，其结构形式如下:
主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。
也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
Our teache r is we are.
我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It is todaythan it was yester day.
今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This pictur e is than that one.
这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
形容词最高级的用法:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较，其结构形式为:
主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
She is studen t in her class.
她是班上最好的学生。
Shangh ai is one of cities in China.
上海是中国最大城市之一。
This is appleI have ever met.
这是我见到的最大的苹果。
Tom is boy in his basket ballteam.
汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
可用来修饰形容词比较级的词：
a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal ,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰：
He made much fewermistak es than I did.
He is even richer than I.
重点与难点：
（1）表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更.....”时，用句型“which/who is +形容词的比较级，A or B? ”表示。
Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?
表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最....”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，Bor C? ”表示。
Whichcity is the most beautiful,Beijin g,Shangh ai or Fuzhou?
（2）如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：John is the clever of the two boys.
Of the two boys, John is the clever.
（3）表示“越来越.......”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more +形容词原级。”
The weather is becomi ng colder and colder.weigh名词
It’s gettin g warmer and warmer in spring.
(3)表示“最.....的.....之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后用复数形式。Zhou Jielun is one of the most popula r singer s.
（4）形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最........”.
The Yellow Riveri s the second longest riverin China.
(5)被物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加the
China's biggest city is Shangh ai.
Fishin g is his latest hobby.
（6）表示“越.....越......”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”。
The more,the better.
The more booksy ou read,the more knowle dge you will learn.
(7) 形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么苯。
John is not so stupid as Mike.
John is less stupid than Mike.
John is clever er than Mike.
(8) 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。
John is taller than any otherboy in the class.
John is the talles t boy in the class.
John is taller than :any otherboy.
倍数表达法：
（1） A is 倍数as +原级+ as B
Asia is four timesas largeas Europe.
（2）A is 倍数+ 比较级+than + B
Asia is threetimeslarger than Europe.
(3)A is 倍数+ 名词+ of B
常见名词：the size/weight/height/width/l ength
The tableis twicethe length of the desk.
;’(4)A is 倍数+ what从句
The productionis now threetimeswhat it was threeyearsago.
练习题
1.写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1. nice ______________________
2. fat ____________________
3. slow _____________________
4. dry ____________________
5. happy____________________
6. wet ____________________
7. much ____________________
8. ill _____________________
9. little_____________________10. bad ___________________ 11. thin ______________________ 12. far ____________________13. early_____________________14. carefu l_________________ 15. exciti ng ___________________ 16. busy __________________
2. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：
1. Mr. Smithis _________ man in this office. (rich)
2. Winter is _________ season of the years.(cold)
3. This radiois not so ________ as that one. (cheap)
4. It is much _______ todaythan yester day. (hot)
5. She is a little________ than her classm ates. (carefu l)
6. ________ people came to the meetin g than last time. (many)
7. Whichbook is ________, this one or that one? (easy)
8. My room is _______ than yours. (small)
9. Hainan is _______ from Beijin g than Hunan.(far)
10. Skatin g is _______ than swimmi ng. (exciti ng)
11. Jim is _______ than all the others. (honest)
12. Things are gettin g _______ and _______. (bad)
13. The higher you climb,the _______ it will be. (cold)
14. Now his life is becomi ng ________ and _______. (diffic ult)
15. Thereare _______ boys than girlsin our class. (few)
单项选择
1. This box is___that one.
A. heavythan
B. so heavythan
C. heavie r as
D. as heavyas
2 When we speakto people, we should be ' .
A. as polite as possib le
B. as polite as possib ly
C. as polite ly as possib le
D. as polite ly as possib ly
3 This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as diffic ult as; expens ive
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