软件工程外文翻译文献
(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)
                            Software engineering
Software engineering is the study of the use of engineering methods to build and maintain effective, practical and high-quality software disciplines. It involves the programming language, database, software development tools, system platform, standards, design patterns and so on.
    In modern society, the software used in many ways. Typical software such as email, embedded systems, human-machine interface, office packages, operating systems, compilers, databases, games. Meanwhile, almost all the various sectors of computer software applications, such as industry, agriculture, banking, aviation and government departments. These applications facilitate the economic and social development, improve people's working efficiency, while improving the quality of life.
Software engineers is to create software applications of people collectively, according to which software engineers can be divided into different areas of system analysts, software designers, system architects, programmers, testers and so on. It is also often used to refer to a variety of software engineers, programmers.
Origin
    In view of difficulties encountered in software development, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1968 organized the first Conference on Software Engineering, and will be presented at the "software engineering" to define the knowledge required for software development, and suggested that "software development the activities of similar projects should be. " Software Engineering has formally proposed since 1968, this time to accumulate a large number of research results, widely lot of technical practice, academia and industry through the joint efforts of software engineering is gradually developing into a professional discipline.
Definition
creation and use of sound engineering principles in order to obtain reliable and economically efficient software.
application of systematic, follow the principle can be measured approach to development, operation and maintenance of software; that is to be applied to software engineering.
The development, management and updating software products related to theories, methods and tools.
A knowledge or discipline (discipline), aims to produce good quality, punctual delivery, within budget and meet users need software.
the practical application of scientific knowledge in the design, build computer programs, and the accompanying documents produced, and the subsequent operation and maintenance. 
Use systematic production and maintenance of software products related to technology and management expertise to enable software development and changes in the limited tim
e and under cost.
Construction team of engineers developed the knowledge of large software systems disciplines.
the software analysis, design, implementation and maintenance of a systematic method.
the systematic application of tools and techniques in the development of computer-based applications.
Software Engineering and Computer Science
    Software development in the end is a science or an engineering, this is a question to be debated for a long time. In fact, both the two characteristics of software development. But this does not mean that they can be confused with each other. Many people think that software engineering, computer science and information science-based as in the traditional sense of the physical and chemical engineering as. In the U.S., about 40% of software engineers with a degree in computer science. Elsewhere in the world, this ratio is also simil
ar. They will not necessarily use every day knowledge of computer science, but every day they use the software engineering knowledge.
weigh翻译
    For example, Peter McBreen that software "engineering" means higher degree of rigor and proven processes, not suitable for all types of software development stage. Peter McBreen in the book "Software Craftsmanship: The New Imperative" put forward the so-called "craftsmanship" of the argument, consider that a key factor in the success of software development, is to develop the skills, not "manufacturing" software process.
Software engineering and computer programming
    Software engineering exists in a variety of applications exist in all aspects of software development. The program design typically include program design and coding of the iterative process, it is a stage of software development.
    Software engineering, software project seeks to provide guidance in all aspects, from feasibility analysis software until the software after completion of maintenance work. Softwa
re engineering that software development and marketing activities are closely related. Such as software sales, user training, hardware and software associated with installation. Software engineering methodology that should not be an independent programmer from the team and to develop, and the program of preparation can not be divorced from the software requirements, design, and customer interests.

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