【中考英语】初中英语形容词、副词比较级和最高级
初中英语形容词、副词比较级和最高级
绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。
weigh形容词规则变化如下:
1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
great (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.
happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级)
5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
beautiful (原级) (比较级) (比较级)
difficult (原级) (最高级) (最高级)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级 比较级 最高级
good better best
many more most
much more most
bad worse worest
little less least
ill worse worest
far farther farthest
形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"
important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要
形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。
The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
形容词最高级的用法:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。
Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。
Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
形容词/副词原级比较基本用法
原级比较由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as ”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) ＋形容词或副词＋as”，而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰
一．形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级的测试
1．用括号中形容词或副词的适当形式填空
1）This park is much than that one. (beautiful)
2）I’m a boy in the sun. (happy)
3）Which book is , yours or mine? (thick)
4）My mother drives as as my father. (good)
5）Who is than I, he or she? (old)
2．不改变意思，改写下列句型
1）I like chicken better than fish.
I chicken fish.
2）Lin Tao is the tallest boy in his class.
Lin Tao is any other in his class.
3）Science is not so interesting as music.
Science is than music.
Music is than science.
4）This box is 12 kg. That box is 14 kg.
This box is that one.
That box is this one.
5）Mary is 10 years old. Lily is 12 years old.
Mary is Lily.
Lily is than Mary.
3．选择填空
（ ）1. This book is that one.
A. not so interesting B. more interesting than
C. as more interesting as D. interesting than
（ ）2. I think maths is not English.
A. easier B. less easy C. easy D. so easy as
（ ）3. He is one of in our country.
A. the most popular singer B. the most popular singers
C. the more popular singers D. most popular singers
（ ）4. －Which do you prefer, vegetables or fruit?
－I prefer fruit vegetables.
A. to B. than C. of D. and
（ ）5. The weather in Beijing is as in Shanghai today.
A. wetter than the weather B. wet as the weather
C. wet than that D. wet as that、
二.注意几个词组
1. as good as几乎已经，实际上等于，和……几乎一样
He is as good as dead.他跟死了一样。
The second hand geography book is as good as new.这本二手地理书几乎还是新的。
2. as soon as一……就……
Please let us know as soon as you arrive in Beijing.一到北京，请通知我们一声。
As soon as she got home, she began cooking.她一到家就开始做饭。
3. as much / many as多达……，达到……之多，实际上等于，差不多
Some of the stones even weigh as much as fifteen tons.有些石块甚至重达15吨。
The number of people who lost homes reaches as many as 250,000.
失去家园的人数多达25万。
That”s as much as to say he was a thief.那无异于说他曾是个小偷。
4. as far as就……而言，尽……
As far as I know, he”ll be away for three months.就我所知，他将离开三个月。
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