四川省部分中学2023高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters必考知识点归
纳
单选题
1、Those ______ achieve great things are the ones willing to be scared but not scared off. A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whom
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。分析句子结构可知,空格
处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词Those指人,因此空格处用关系代词who,故选B。2、—Tomorrow is Teachers’ Day. What is your surprise for our English teacher?
—The first thing ________ I will do is to make an English card for her.
A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.that
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:——明天是教师节。你给我们的英语老师什么惊喜?——我要做的第一件事是给她做一张
英语卡。该空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是thing,被序数词first修饰,指物,关系词在从句中作宾语,只用
关系代词that。故选D项。
3、The boy is always found______in reading books.
A.to buryB.buryingC.buriedD.buries
答案:C
考查过去分词作主语补足语。句意:男孩总是被发现埋头读书。be buried in是“埋头于”,find sb done“发现某人被”的被动是:sb be found done,过去分词作主语补足语。故选C。
4、Public schools in the United States have to be neutral about religion ______ they close for holidays like Christmas. A.in caseB.as ifC.in thatD.even though
答案:D
考查让步状语从句。句意:美国的公立学校必须在宗教问题上保持中立,即使他们会在圣诞节这样的节日关闭。
A.in case 以防;
B.as if 似乎;好像;
C.in that因为;
D.even though即使。结合句意可知,学校在像圣诞节这样的
节日会停课,美国必须对宗教保持中立。所以空白处与前文为让步关系,选项D符合题意,故选D。
5、When the big earthquake happened, in less than a minute, the whole city lay ______.
A.in ruinsB.in troubleC.in dangerD.in shock
答案:A
考查固定短语辨析。句意;大地震发生时,不到一分钟,整个城市就成了一片废墟。in ruins严重受损;破败不堪;in trouble处于不幸中;in danger处于危险中;in shock震惊。地震发生导致整个城市成为废墟。故选A。
小提示:
6、Matter is anything ______.
A.that take up space and have weightB.which take up space and have weight
C.that takes up space and has weightD.those take up space and have weight
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:物质是任何占据空间并有重量的东西。分析句子结构可知,anything后跟定语从句,anything是不定代词,其后的关系代词只能用that不能用which,因此排除选项B和D,that指代先行词anything,是不定代词,由is可知,句子时态是一般现在时,因此其后谓语动词用第三人称单数,因此空格处是that takes up space and has weight,故选C。
7、The house, ___________I bought last year, needs to be repaired.
A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when
答案:A
考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我去年买的房子需要修理。分析句子结构可知,非限制性定语从句当中缺少宾语,先行词是the house,所以应用关系代词which来引导。故选A。
8、
A sport with a broom on ice ________ requires bowling ________ makes curling one of the most unique sports out ther e.
A.that … precisionB.that … diversity
C./ … precisionD./ … diversity
答案:A
考查定语从句和名词词义辨析。句意:冰壶是一项要求精准度的运动,它在冰上要使用冰刷,这使得冰壶成为
最独特的运动之一。precision 精准度;diversity 多样性。第一个空处考查限定性定语从句,先行词是sport,在
从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which,且不能省略;第二个空处考查名词词义辨析,根据常识可知,冰壶要求精准度,应用名词precision。故选A项。
9、________in a story book, the girl didn’t notice the stranger.
A.BuryingB.BuriedC.To buryD.Having buried
weight的搭配答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:沉迷于故事书中,这个女孩没有注意到这个陌生人。分析句子结构可知,动词bury在
句中作状语成分,和主语the girl之间是被动关系,需使用过去分词buried,be buried in专心于。故选B。
10、Have you bought the same book________ I referred to yesterday?
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.as
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:你买了我昨天提到的那本书了吗?分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是
the same book,在从句中作to的宾语,the same…as…(和……一样),句中应由as引导定语从句。故选D项。11、The new law has come into ______________ and it will surely ______________ the industry of the country. A.affect; effectB.effect; effect
C.affect; affectD.effect; affect
答案:D
考查effect和affect的用法。句意:新法律已经生效,它肯定会影响这个国家的工业。come into effect为固定搭配,意为"生效,开始实施";affect"影响";effect作名词讲时,表示"作用,影响";作动词讲时,表示"实现"。第二空助动词will后用动词原形affect,根据句意和分析句子成分可知,D项正确。故选D。
12、This is the first birthday gift ________ I received. I’ve kept it many years.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:这是我收到的第一份生日礼物。我已经保存了很多年了。空处引导定语从句,在定语从
句中缺少宾语,且先行词gift被序数词first修饰,所以应用关系代词that。故选B。
13、With more and more forests _______, we must take action to protect our earth. A.destroyingB.destroyedC.to destroyD.are destroyed
答案:B
考查过去分词。句意:随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏,我们必须采取行动去保护我们的地球。空格处是with的
复合结构中的宾补,由于宾补和宾语 forests 是被动关系,因此要用过去分词。故选B。
14、
The police found the two “stolen” notebooks were left in a gift bag________the original blue box________the noteboo
ks were kept in and a brown envelope.
A.containing; whereB.to contain; whichC.containing; /D.to contain; that
答案:C
考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意:警方发现,这两本“被盗”的笔记本被放在一个里面装着存放这两本笔记本的原来的蓝盒子和一个棕信封的礼品袋里。此题第一空考查非谓语动词,contain与逻辑主语a gift bag为主谓关系,应用现在分词containing,作后置定语。第二空考查定语从句,先行词为the original blue box,在限制性定语从句中作介词in的宾语,为物,设空处可用关系代词that/which,也可省略。故选C项。
15、The prize will go to the writer ________story shows the most imagination. A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:该奖将授予故事表现出最丰富想象力的作家。分析句子可知, writer为先行词,作定语从句的定语,关系代词为whose。故选C项。
16、Looking at green, growing things can put people in a better _______. A.shelterB.remarkC.moodD.zone
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:看着绿,生长的东西可以让人心情更好。A. shelter庇护所; B. remark评
论; C. mood情绪; D. zone区域。短语:put sb. in a ...mood“使某人有……的情绪”,故选C。
17、Grandma said she was feeling okay, but I think I could ________ a bit of sadness in the way she was speaking. A.experienceB.detectC.showD.suffer
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:奶奶说她感觉很好,但我想我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤。A.experience经历;B.detect察觉;C.show展示;D.suffer遭受。由“in the way she was speaking”可知,句子表示“我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤”,空格处意为“察觉”,故选B。
18、Sophia Scott started a free tutoring service to help anyone ________ had difficulty catching up. A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:索菲亚·斯科特开始了一项免费辅导服务,帮助赶上有困难的人。句中先行词为anyone,指人,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who引导。故选D。
19、
Two “stolen” notebooks written by Charles Darwin were left anonymously in a bright pink gift bag ________the original blue box ________the notebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope.
A.containing, whereB.to contain, whichC.containing, /D.to contain, that
答案:C
考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意:两本被偷的查尔斯·达尔文的笔记被匿名放在一个亮粉的礼品袋里,里面装着存放这些笔记的原来的蓝盒子和一个普通的棕信封。分析句子可知,第一空处动词contain(包含,装着)作后置定语修饰名词a bright pink gift bag,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语a bright pink gift bag之间是主动关系,应用现在分词表主动;第二空后“the notebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope”是定语从句,修饰先行词the original blue box,先行词在定语从句中作介词in后的宾语,应用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句,且可省略。故选C项。
20、Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A.whoB.of whomC.whoseD.that
答案:C
考查关系词。句意:不运动或饮食中脂肪含量高的儿童体重会迅速增加。分析句子可知,此处为连词whose引导的限制性定语从句,先行词Children在从句中作定语成分,和从句中的主语diet为所属关系。故选C项。
完成句子
21、你昨天告诉我的秘密我不会告诉任何人。
I ________ ________ ________ the secret you told me yesterday.
答案: won't tell anyone
考查谓语动词和时态。根据句子分析可知,I为主语,the secret为宾语,you told me yesterday是the secret的定语从句。此空为谓语动词,表示“不会告诉任何人”,用一般将来时,表示以后不会告诉别人,“告诉某人某事”表达为tell sb. sth.,故填won't tell anyone。
小提示:
22、是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你跟我说话的感觉就好像这事是我做的呢?
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__________?
答案:had done it
考查虚拟语气。分析句意再根据as if可知,此处为虚拟语气在as if从句中的应用,再根据上文的was可知,此处描述的是与过去事实相反的虚拟,所以用过去完成时。故答案为had done it。
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