Book3 unit2 词汇短语讲解
       
1. diet n.日常饮食
  vi.节食  搭配：be/go on a diet 节食
2. protective adj.给予保护的
protect v.保护
  protection n.保护
  protective food 保健食物
environmental protection环境保护
  protect the ocean environment 保护海洋环境
  短语
protect against 直接加名词~意为“防范。。。”
protect from 一般用作protect A from B~意为“使A免受B的侵害
He is always protecting against others.他总是防范着别人~
He is always protecting him from danger.他总是保护着自己免受侵害~
3. balance vt. 权衡；平衡 n.天平；平衡
  balanced adj.平衡的
短语
  Keep a balanced diet
  Keep/lose one’s balance
  be off one’s balance 失去平衡的，没有站稳的
  a sense of balance
e.g. I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.
  You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
 
4. ought to 应当；应该 ought to do/ oughtn’t to do
                      ought to have done/ oughtn’t to have done
Every citizen ought to obey law.(表责任或义务)
You ought to talk with your parents positively.（表建议或劝告）
She ought to be home by now.（表推测）
注意：
“ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。如：
They ought to have handed in the paper yesterday。
“oughtn’t to + have + 过去分词”表示过去不应做某事而实际做了。
I oughtn’t to have scolded her for such a small thing.
   
5 sign n. 符号；标志;（示意的）动作；迹象
v.手势示意；签名；报名
  As soon as the seat belt sign had been switched off, we rushed out.
安全带信号灯一灭，我们就冲了出去。
All the signs are that this increase will continue.
所有的迹象都表明这种增长会持续下去
Could you sign your name here, please?
请您在这里签字。
He signed that I should go out of the room.
他打手势让我离开房间。
6 weight n. 重量；体重
lose weight/ put on weight/gain weight
weigh v.权衡；称重
  Cao Chong thought of a way to weigh the elephant．
He weighed the ideas in his mind. 他在脑中权衡着这些想法。
7 slim adj. 苗条的vi. 变细；减肥；削减
slim→slimmer→slimmest→slimming
  She is tall and slim.
  The company recently slimmed its product line.
最近公司削减了生产线。
Doctors have told Benny to slim down.
医生告诉本尼要减肥。
8 curiosity n.好奇心
weight短语curious adj.好奇的；奇怪的
curiously adv.      好奇地
短语
be curious about/that 对。。。好奇
out of curiosity 出于好奇
satisfy/set off one’s curiosity 满足/激起某人的好奇心
9 out of breath 上气不接下气
out of 构成的短语
out of sight 看不见         out of mind 心不在焉      
out of doubt 毫无疑问       out of date 过期      
out of fashion 不符时尚     out of order 杂乱      
out of work 失业                     out of shape 变形  
out of danger 脱离危险               out of trouble 摆脱麻烦  
out of touch 失去联系               out of (one’s)reach 够不着
out of question  毫无疑问,没有问题   out of the question 不可能的
10 get away with
被放过，(做坏事)不受处罚：
The child ought to be punished. You shouldn't let him get away with telling lies!
这个孩子应当受到处罚。你不应该对他撒谎不作处罚。
得到从轻发落；受到较轻处罚：
The men went to prison but the two boys got away with a warning.
成年男犯被投入了监狱，而这两个男孩只受到了警告。
11. lie → lied → lied→ lying 撒谎
  lie →lay →lain →lying 躺;位于
  lay →laid →laid →laying 放，搁置；产卵下蛋
 
12discount n.折扣 vt.打折扣；
a 10% discount  /  a discount of 10%九折
at a discount以折扣价
a discount for cash现金折扣
The shoes in that shop never discount.那家店的鞋子从来不打折。
12 win her customers back
win back the world respect
win →won →won →winning
13 strong →strength →strengthen
weak →weakness→ weaken   
long →length →lengthen       
wide →width →widen
deep →depth →deepen
14 consult vt.咨询；请教；商量
  consultant n.顾问
consultation n.咨询；请教；
If you are in any doubt, consult a financial adviser.
如有任何疑问，请向财务顾问咨询
After consulting with her daughter and manager, she decided to take on the part.
征求过女儿兼经纪人的意见后，她决定出演这个角。
15.poison→poisonous adj.有毒的
16. earn/make one’s living 谋生
17. in debt 欠债
pay off one’s debts偿清债务
be out of debt不欠债
get/run/fall into debt      负债
 
18 glare at sb. 怒目而视
stare at 盯着看
gaze at 凝视
glance at 瞥视；匆匆看一眼
e.g. The teacher stared at the pupil who was late for school.
    For hours, he sat gazing at the stars
    It is impolite to stare at the foreigners.
    She glanced shyly at him out of the corners of her eyes.
19spy窥探；暗中监视 n.间谍，密探
spy on sb 暗中监视某人, 侦查某人
  It’s wrong to spy on others’ affairs.
20 limit v.限定
n.界限，限度
    adj. limited 有限的
n. limitation局限
Families are limited to four tickets each.
There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.
21benefit v.有助于，从…获益 n. 利益好处
短语：
beneficial adj. 有好处的；有益处的             
benefit sb. 使。。。受益
    benefit from sth.从。。。获得好处
    be of benefit to对。。有好处
    for the 为了。。的利益
    be beneficial to sb. 对。。。有好处

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