【口袋本】专题10现在分词七大典型用法（清单）（解析版）
现在分词考点用法思维导图                                                    P1
考点清单一、现在分词作状语用法归纳                                          P2
考点清单二、现在分词作定语用法归纳                                          P3
考点清单三、现在分词作宾语补足语用法归纳                                    P3
考点清单四、现在分词作表语用法归纳                                          P4
考点清单五、状语从句省略用法归纳                                            P4
考点清单六、现在分词短语作插入语用法归纳                                    P5
考点清单七、现在分词复杂形式用法归纳                                        P5
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）                                          P5
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）                                          P6
分类训练（三）单句改错（高考真题）                                          P7
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达）                                      P8
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）                                          P9
（一）上海2025年前新增四块绿地公园                                        P9
（二）中国显著降低碳排放强度                                                P10
现在分词考点用法思维导图
考点清单一、现在分词作状语用法归纳
要点精讲
1. 现在分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语，强调与句子主语之间主动关系；weigh的用法
2.现在分词一般式doing表示与谓语动词（几乎）同时发生；
3. 现在分词完成式having done则表示该动作先于谓语动作发生（2023新高考I卷考查到）；
4. 现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
5.关键词：主动性；一致性；同步性。
例1： Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.  （作时间状语，相当于When she saw those pictures）
例2：Being ill, he didn’t go to school. （作原因状语，相当于As he was ill）
例3：He sat on the sofa, watching TV. （作伴随状语，相当于He sat on the sofa and watched TV.）
例4：Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. （作结果状语，相当于and left…）
例5：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel. （作时间状语，先回信后阅读）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The plate dropped from her hands, _______________(break) into pieces.
2. The plate dropped from her hands, and _______________(break) into pieces.
3.                 (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
4. He was busy writing a story, only                 (stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
5. I hurried to school, only    _______________(find) to find it was Sunday.
6. Not _______________(know) her address, I had better telephone her to come over.
7. _______________(tell) many times, he still didn’t learn these rules by heart.
8. _______________(finish) his homework，he went to bed.
9. _______________(show) around the factory, they were taken to visit the museum.
10.                    (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
【答案与解析】
1. breaking。break与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故答案是breaking。
2. broke。And意味着这是一个并列句，句子缺少谓语动词，结合并列谓语dropped知道应用一般过去时。故答案是broke。
3. Finding。find与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词。故答案是Finding。
4. stopping。stop与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词。注意不要受only to do影响，该结构表示出乎预料的结果。故答案是stopping。
5. to find。本题only to do是动词不定式短语作结果状语。故答案是to find。
6. knowing。本题考查现在分词否定形式，且know与句子主语构成主动关系。故答案是knowing。
7. Having been told。tell与句子主语之间构成被动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前，应用having been done。故答案是Having been told。
8. Having finished。finish与句子主语之间构成主动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前，应用Having finished。
9. Having been shown。show与句子主语之间构成被动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前，应用having been done。故答案是Having been shown。
10. Having been asked。结合语境“要求加班”是被动的，且已经发生的，故用having been done。故答案是Having been asked。
考点清单二、现在分词作定语用法归纳
要点精讲
1.现在分词作定语表示一个正在进行的动作；being done表示一个被动的，正在进行的动作，having done不能作定语；
2. 单个分词修饰名词作前置定语；分词短语修饰名词作后置定语。
例1：The sleeping child is only five years old. （现在分词作前置定语）
例2：Do you know the man standing at the gate? （现在分词短语作后置定语）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. ---Who were those people with the flags? ---A group              (call) the League of Peace.
12. ---Who were those people with the flags? ---A group              (call) itself the League of Peace.
13. The museum                 (build) now will be open to the public in six months.
14. The old man told the story in a             voice and the little girl felt very            (frighten).
15. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and             (weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
【答案与解析】
11. called。本题答语是个省略句，可以还原为Those people with the flags were a group              (call) the League of Peace. 由此可以看出空白处是非谓语作定语，且是被动含义。故答案是called。
12. called。本题itself是关键，若没有itself，答案是called。故答案是calling。
13. being built。“建造”这一动作正在进行，又是被动行为，应用being done作定语。故答案是being built。

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