同轴式二级圆柱齿轮减速器
齿轮传动是现代机械中应用最广的一种传动形式。它的主要优点是：
① 瞬时传动比恒定、工作平稳、传动准确可靠，可传递空间任意两轴之间的运动和动力；
② 适用的功率和速度范围广；
③ 传动效率高，η=0.92-0.98；
④ 工作可靠、使用寿命长；
⑤ 外轮廓尺寸小、结构紧凑。由齿轮、轴、轴承及箱体组成的齿轮减速器,用于原动机和工作机或执行机构之间,起匹配转速和传递转矩的作用,在现代机械中应用极为广泛。
国内的减速器多以齿轮传动、蜗杆传动为主，但普遍存在着功率与重量比小，或者传动比大而机械效率过低的问题。另外，材料品质和工艺水平上还有许多弱点，特别是大型的减速器问题更突出，使用寿命不长。国外的减速器，以德国、丹麦和日本处于领先地位，特别在材料和制造工艺方面占据优势，减速器工作可靠性好，使用寿命长。但其传动形式仍以定轴齿轮传动为
主，体积和重量问题，也未解决好。
当今的减速器是向着大功率、大传动比、小体积、高机械效率以及使用寿命长的方向发展。减速器与电动机的连体结构，也是大力开拓的形式，并已生产多种结构形式和多种功率型号的产品。近十几年来,由于近代计算机技术与数控技术的发展，使得机械加工精度，加工效率大大提高，从而推动了机械传动产品的多样化，整机配套的模块化，标准化，以及造型设计艺术化，使产品更加精致，美观化。
在21世纪成套机械装备中,齿轮仍然是机械传动的基本部件。CNC机床和工艺技术的发展,推动了机械传动结构的飞速发展。在传动系统设计中的电子控制、液压传动、齿轮、带链的混合传动,将成为变速箱设计中优化传动组合的方向。在传动设计中的学科交叉,将成为新型传动产品发展的重要趋势。
关键字：减速器  轴承  齿轮  机械传动 Wheel gear's spreading to move is a the most wide kind of the application spreads to move a form in the modern machine.Its main advantage BE:The 
① spreads to move to settle, work than in a moment steady, spread to move accurate credibility, can deliver space arbitrarily sport and the motive of the of two stalks;Power and speed scope 
② applies are wide; 
③ spreads to move an efficiency high, η =0.92-0.98;
④  work is dependable, service life long;
⑤ Outline size outside the is small, structure tightly packed.The wheel gear constituted to°from wheel gear, stalk, bearings and box body decelerates a machine, useding for prime mover and work machine or performance organization of, have already matched to turn soon and deliver a function of turning , the application is extremely extensive in the modern machine. 
⑥ Local deceleration machine much with the wheel gear spread to move, the pole spread to move for lord, but widespread exist power and weight ratio small, or spread to move ratio
big but the machine efficiency lead a low problem.There are also many weaknesses on material quality and craft level moreover, the especially large deceleration machine's problem is more outstanding, the service life isn't long.The deceleration machine of abroad, with Germany, Denmark and Japan be placed in to lead a position, occupying advantage in the material and the manufacturing craft specially, decelerating the machine work credibility like, service life long.But it spreads to move a form to still take settling stalk wheel gear to spread to move as lord, physical volume and weight problem, don't also resolve like The direction which decelerates a machine to is the facing big power and spread to move ratio, small physical volume, high machine efficiency and service life to grow greatly nowadays develops.Decelerating the connecting of machine and electric motor body structure is also the form which expands strongly, and have already produced various structure forms and various products of power model numbers.Be close to ten several in the last yearses, control a technical development because of the modern calculator technique and the number, make the machine process accuracy, process an efficiency to raise consumedly, pushed a machine to spread the diversification of movable property article thus, the mold pi
ece of the whole machine kit turns, standardizing, and shape design the art turn, making product more fine, the beauty turns.
Become a set a machine material in 21 centuries medium, the wheel gear is still a machine to spread a dynamic basic parts.CNC tool machine and the craft technical development, pushed a machine to spread to move structure to fly to develop soon.Be spreading to move the electronics control, liquid in the system design to press to spread to move, wheel gear, take the mixture of chain to spread to move, will become become soon a box to design in excellent turn to spread to move a combination of direction.The academics that is in spread move the design crosses, will become new spread a movable property article the important trend of the development.
Essential character：Reduction gear、 Bearing 、gear 、mechanical drive
传动装置总体设计：
1. 组成：传动装置由电机、减速器、工作机组成。
2. 特点：齿轮相对于轴承不对称分布，故沿轴向载荷分布不均匀，要求轴有较大的刚度。
3. 确定传动方案：考虑到电机转速高，传动功率大，将V带设置在高速级。
分析减速器的结构
1、  拆卸减速器
按拆卸的顺序给所有零、部件编号，并登记名称和数量，然后分类、分组保管，避免产生混乱和丢失；拆卸时避免随意敲打造成破坏，并防止碰伤、变形等，以使再装配时仍能保证减速器正常运转。
拆卸顺序：①、拆卸观察孔盖。
②、拆卸箱体与箱盖联连螺栓，起出定位销钉，然后拧动起盖螺钉，卸下箱盖。
③、拆卸各轴两边的轴承盖、端盖。
④、一边转动轴顺着轴旋转方向将高速轴轴系拆下，再用橡胶榔头轻敲轴将低、中速轴系拆卸下来。
weight的几种形式
⑤、最后拆卸其它附件如油标、放油螺塞等。
2、分析装配方案
按照先拆后装的原则将原来拆卸下来的零件按编好的顺序返装回去。
①、检查箱体内有无零件及其他杂物留在箱体内后，擦净箱体内部。将各传动轴部件装入箱体内；
②、将嵌入式端盖装入轴承压槽内，并用调整垫圈调整好轴承的工作间隙。 
③、将箱内各零件，用棉纱擦净，并塗上机油防锈。再用手转动高速轴，观察有无零件干涉。经检查无误后，合上箱盖。
④、松开起盖螺钉，装上定位销，并打紧。装上螺栓、螺母用手逐一拧紧后，再用扳手分多次均匀拧紧。
⑤、装好轴承小盖，观察所有附件是否都装好。用棉纱擦净减速器外部，放回原处，摆放整齐。

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