语法填空之词性转换、比较等级和名词的数
距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!
养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候,学生要尽快到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
词形转换是高考语法填空的一个重要考查点。在解答此类题目时,一要根据空处在句中所作的成分确定词性:名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等,前面可能会有冠词、形容词或者形容词性物主代词修饰;动词作谓语与非谓语;形容词作表语或作定语修饰名词;副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。二要根据标志词及语境确定比较级。三要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。
热考向
语法填空侧重考查形容词、副词和名词构词规律、比较等级和名词的数,而数词是低频考点
新变化
2022年全国甲卷考查动词转换成名词和名词转换成形容词;2022年全国乙卷考查形容词转换成名词和动词转换成形容词
如何判定是否考查词形转换
[经典感悟]
】 (2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to pro
mote environmental 65.____________(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66.____________(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
解析:第一步:确定是否考查词形转换。65题提示词为动词,作宾语此处应该考虑名词词形转换;66题提示词为名词,由even more可确定此处应该考虑形容词词形转换。
第二步:确定转换形式。65题前的environmental为形容词,形容词修饰名词,因此该空应填protect的名词形式;66题结合句意这将使他的徒步旅行更有意义可知,空处应用形容词形式。
自主解答:65.protection 66.meaningful
[答题微点]
第一步:确定是否考查词形转换
提示词为形容词、副词、名词或代词时,要考虑词形转换;提示词为动词,且该动词在句中既不作谓语,也不作非谓语,也要考虑动词词形转换。
第二步:确定转换形式
根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析,最终确定正确的词形转换形式,确保名词单复数形式正确,副词、形容词形式转换正确。
名师指要——微技法巧应对
高考热考法1 提示词为动词的词形转换
提示词为动词,如果既不是谓语动词,也不是非谓语动词,则要考虑动词词形转换。动词转换成名词还是形容词,则要根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析。
[经典题试做]
1.(2022·河南部分名校3月联考)The study also shows that homework is ____________(use) because it helps the teachers know what their students are struggling with.
2.(2022·安庆综合测试一)But the most ____________(value) experience of all was discov
ering a new sense of independence, she said.
3.(2022·大同高三年级第一次调研)Crows have long been observed for their various ____________(amaze) displays of intelligence.
4.(2022·太原五中第二次模拟)Some American scholars thought China could hardly realize food-sufficiency because of the ____________(limit) water resources, decrease of agricultural land due to industrial expansion and the fast population growth.
5.(2021·全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ____________(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ________(develop) of the local areas.
6.(2022·宜春八校联考)In the end, a Mediterranean diet is part of the factors contributing to our physical health, but it takes ____________(commit) to make them happen.
7.(2022·长春教学质量监测三)The success of China's Shenzhou-13 mission represents a
major victory in the country's plan to explore space, said experts from different countries, calling for closer international ____________(cooperate) in science and technology with China.
8.(2022·哈尔滨考前模拟一)We don't have enough resources allocated to our educational sector and the little ____________(allocate) to the sector is not well managed.
9.(2021·浙江卷6月)In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ____________(marry) ceremony in 1842.
10.(2022·上饶三模)After experiencing her older sister's ____________(die) and her parents' divorce, she is determined to stay alive for the sake of her broken family.
11.(2022·兰州一中高三模拟)There is still no convincing ____________(explain) for the origin of FRB in the international scientific community at present.
12.(2022·江西模拟演练三)She provided medical ____________(equip), clean water and fruits. With this work the death rate decreased to 2.2%.
[答题微技能]
1.如何判断填形容词
(1)作定语,修饰名词或复合不定代词;
(2)作表语,表主语的性质或状态;
(3)作主语补足语,补充说明主语或作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语;
(4)作状语,说明主语的状态或心理感受。
2.动词转换为形容词的构词法
(1)v.-able转换为形容词
acceptacceptable        可接受的
adaptadaptable        能适应的
adjustadjustable        可调节的
affordaffordable        负担得起的
(2)v.-ed/-ing转换为形容词
confuseconfused        感到困惑的
worryworried        担心的
exciteweight是什么词exciting        令人激动的;令人兴奋的
(3)v.-ive转换为形容词
impressimpressive        给人深刻印象的
instructinstructive        有教育意义的
(4)v.-ful/-less转换为形容词
doubtdoubtful        怀疑的
forgetforgetful        健忘的
thankthankful        感激的
hopehopeless        不抱希望的
3.如何判断填名词
(1)作表语,表明主语是什么,说明主语的身份、特征;
(2)作主语、同位语或及物动词(短语)或介词(短语)的宾语;
(3)作定语,说明被修饰词的材料、功能、时间、地点、内容、类别。
4.动词转换为名词的构词法
(1)v.-ment转换为名词,表示行为或结果
developdevelopment        发展

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