我们常将字母分类 英语的26个字母分两种类型：一种叫元音字母，另一种叫辅音字母。元音字母 有：a，e，i，o，u五个，其余为辅音字母。
即：
元音字母  A a [ei]、  E e [i：] 、 I i [ai]、O o [au]、U u [(j)u：]
辅音字母Hh、 Jj 、Kk 、Bb、 Cc 、Dd、 Gg 、Pp 、Tt 、Vv 、Yy、 Qq 、Ww、 [e] Ff 、Ll Mm 、Nn 、Ss 、Xx 、Zz 、[a：] Rr
详细发音表：
元音字母的发音规则
元音字母
位置
读音
例词
例外
a
重读开音节
[ei]
cake base escape plane
have [?]
vase [a:]
water[?:]
重读闭音节
[?]
fat trap flat exactly rapid dam
非重读音节
[?]
again camera vacation vegetable
[i:]
comrade village courage
在[w]之后
[?]
want wash what wander
sk,ss,st,th,ch,f,nc
之前
[a:]
master ask task class glass father path after branch advance
特殊情况
[e]
any many anything anybody
e
重读开音节
[i:]
be these she evil
重读闭音节
[e]
net press gently accept level
非重读音节
[?]
silence problem open children
[i]
effect select develop before
I(y)
重读开音节
[ai]
ripe alive wine arrive beside polite life smile surprise
give[i]
live[i]
pyramid[i]
重读闭音节
[i]
quiz sick dish sing dig film miss winter picture difficlt 
y在重读音节中
[ai]
cycle sky shy why
y在非重读音节中
[i]
city copy empty every healthy
nb,ld,mb前
[ai]
mind kind blind find child climb
非重读音节中
[?]
terrible horrible possible
在下列单词中读作
[i:]
police magazine machine technique
o
重读开音节
[?u]
stone note programmed progress motor lonely smoke no joke
woman[u]
women [i]
重读闭音节
[?]
copy boss cloth fond long knock across common bomb
n,m,v,th前
[?]
ton done come some love cover mother another other
在以ld,st,th结尾的一些词中
[?u]
hold fold told most almost both
非重读音节
[?]
official position society freedom
在下列单词中读
[u:]
move prove lose whose tomb shoe do remove
u
重读开音节
[ju:]
use duty computer reduce rescue tube Tuesday
true[u:]
busy [i]
bury[e]
minute[i]
重读闭音节
[?]
cup lunch bus hub
[u]
put pull push full bullet
非重读音节
[?]
until supply unless industry
在开音节中，在辅音字母l,r,j后
[u:]
blue rule ruler June July rude 
元音字母组合
位置
读音
例词
例外
ar
重读
[a:]
mark carve article party market March farm hard
在W后
[?:]
warm warn reward war
非重读
[?]
grammar
er
重读
[?:]
service certain serve
非重读
[?]
worker farmer teacher
or
重读
[?:]
form important corner horse
在W后
[?:]
work word world worth
非重读
[?]
mirror doctor forbid forget
ur
重读
[?:]
church Thursday nurse turn return
非重读
[?]
surprise surround murmur
ir
重读
[?:]
thirsty dirty first girl
i
ie
[i:]
piece thief field chief
diet[ai?]
quiet[ai?]
[ai]
lie tie die
ire
[ai?]
wire inspire hire tire
igh
[ai]
right fight night high bright light
weight读音
ai
重读音节
[ei]
tailor remain grain sail praise raise brain
said [e]
非重读音节
[i]
captain
[?]
certain
au
[?:]
cause
aunt [a:]
al
[?:]
walk ball all talk
half [a:]
alms [a:]
[?:l]
always almost already although
aw
[?:]
draw dawn saw
air
[e?]
fair affair hair upstairs
are
[e?]
dare glare share compare careful
are[a:]
augh
[?:]
taught caught daughter naughty
laugh[a:f]
ay
重读音节
[ei]
delay play say way today
says [e]
非重读音节
[i]
Sunday Monday
u
ure
重读音节
[u?]
sure surely
非重读音节
[?:]
pleasure
e
ea
[i:]
repeat leaf lead peace disease cream
[e]
sweater thread headache heavy breakfast
特殊
[ei]
great greatly break
[i?]
real idea theatre
ee
[i:]
sleep freely weed steel degree
ear
[i?]
appear clear near hear dear ear
heart [a:]
[?:]
heard learn earn early search
[e?]
wear bear swear pear
ei
[i]
receive seize ceiling
ew
[ju:]
few new news
sew[?u]
在[l]，[r]后
[u:]
blew flew threw drew
ere
[e?]
there where
here [i?]
ey
重读音节
[ei]
grey hey obey
key [i:]
非重读音节
[i]
monkey donkey
eigh
[ei]
weight eight eighty
o
oa
[?u]
loaf road soap coat boat
broad[?:] abroad[?:]
oi
[?i]
voice noise point choice
oy
[?i]
toy boy joy joyful
oo
在其他字母前
[u:]
roof choose school shoot
wool[u]
foot[u]
在k，d 前
[u]
took look cook stood wood good
food[u:]
flood [?]
blood [?]
oor
[?:]
floor door
poor[u?]
ou
[au]
pound rouse mountain trousers ground thousand
shoulder[?u]
soul[?u]
[?]
couple cousin double country touch trouble
[u:]
route group routine soup
[u]
could should would
ough
[?:]
fought bought brought thought
though[?u]
plough [au]
cough [?f]
through[u:]
thorough[?]
enough [?f]
ow
[au]
down brown flower
knowledge[?]
[?u]
bowl sow window row owner low show throw grow
辅音字母发音规则
辅音字母
位置
读音
例词
例外
b
在m后或在t之前
不发音
tomb climb doubt
其他情况
／b／
bed bob big
c
在 e, i, y前
／s／
centre city decide bicycle concert rice percent
在ia,ie,io 前
／?／
social especial ancient
在a,o,u,l 前在音节末
／k／
cave comfort color class cause capital cast
g
在其他字母前
／g／
gift girl goal glad glass
garage ／?／
get ／g／
在e,i,y 前
／d?／
large general orange page
在以n结尾的词中
不发音
sign foreign
h
一般情况
／h／
hold heat hide hate huge
在个别词中
不发音
honest hour honor forehead
k
一般情况
／k／
walk key kite
在n前
不发音
know
s
词首
／s／
send save
在元音字母和元音字母之间
／z／
visit desire music
base ／s／
在词中清辅音前
／s／
past
在词中浊辅音前
／z／
husband salesgirl
在元音字母u,i前
／?／
sure sugar Russia Asia
在u,ion前
／?／
pleasure usually occasion television
n
在其他字母前
／n／
corner nine nice line
在字母k,x,g前
／?／
anxious think thank finger bank
strange ／n／

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