Lesson 81 文本
Escape
When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.
文本解析
一〕词汇学习Word study
1. cloth, clothes与clothing〔1〕cloth 通常指“布〞、“布料〞，为不行数名词：There's enough cloth for a skirt.那布料够做一条裙子。Do you think the cloth will wear well?你认为这布料会耐穿吗？cloth 表示“抹布〞、“桌布〞时为可数名词：Wipe up the mess with a cloth.拿块抹布把那些脏东西擦掉。〔2〕clothes 表示“衣服〞、“服装〞，后面动词用复数形式：My clothes are mostly bought from abroad.我的衣服大局部是从国外买的。Elizabeth has many/much/a lot of clothes.伊丽莎白有很多衣服。〔3〕clothing 是服装的总称，为不行数名词，不仅包括衣服，还包括鞋、帽等：These wooden boxes contained clothing.这些木箱里装有服装。He still needs some winter clothing.他还需要一些冬天的衣服。2. salute与greetsalute一般指“行礼〞、“〔向……〕敬礼〞，greet那么指平常的“打招呼〞、“欢送〞、“迎接〞等：The guard saluted as the officers passed.当那些官们从他面前经过时，卫兵敬了礼。The guard saluted the officers.卫兵向官们敬了礼。When we arrived, the whole family stood up to greet us.当我们到达时，他们全家都站起来欢送我们。He greeted Dan with a nod.他向丹点了点头，算是欢送。3. clear与cleanclear与clean均可作形容词，词形也较相像，但含义却不同。〔1〕clear可以表示“清亮的〞、“光明的〞、“晴朗的〞等含义：
He was rather elderly with clear blue eyes.他上了年纪，有双光明的蓝眼睛。The water in the river was so clear that you could see fishes swimming in it.河里的水是如此清亮，你都可以看得见各种各样的鱼在游。Seeing that it was a clear day, he drove to the countryside.那每天气晴朗，他便驱车去了乡下。clear还可以表示“清晰的〞、“明确的〞、“明白的〞等：I want to make it clear that I'm not paying the bill.我想说清晰我不会付这账单。clear的另一个含义是“畅通的〞、“无障碍的〞或“无危急的〞：You can drive fast only when you are on a clear road.只有在畅通的路上你才能把车开快。〔2〕clean的主要含义是“洁净的〞：These cups are not very clean.这些杯子不太洁净。clean还可以表示“无污点的〞、“无犯罪历史的〞：He has a clean record.他一贯表现很好〔没有前科〕。 
二〕课文详注 Further notes on the text
1. …he soon changed into the dead man's clothes.……〔他〕很快就换上了死者的衣服。change into 在这里表示“换〔衣〕〞：He changed into his new dress and went to the party.他换上新衣服去参与聚会。2. …the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. ……〔那战俘〕在营门前大胆地来回走着。march 一般用于指“行〞、“
行进〞，但在这里它表示“〔威严凛凛/沉着不迫地〕走〞或“快速地走〞：Jane marched out of the room without saying a word.简一言未发，快步走出了房问。up and down 为固定词组，其含义之一为“来来回回〞：He was worried about his mother and walked up and down in the room.他为他母亲担忧，便在屋里来回走。3. men were running here and there, 人们在东奔西跑。here and there 为固定短语，表示“处处〞、“四处〞：That morning there were policemen here and there.那天上午处处都有警察。They went here and there looking for the lost child.他们处处查那个丧失的孩子。4. …the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.……战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。attention 在此表示“立正姿态〞。单用“Attention！〞表示口令“立正！〞“立正站着〞那么用短语 stand at/to attention表示：The students stood at/to attention while the headmaster made a speech.校长发表演说时同学们立正站着。三〕语法 Grammar in use
clothes和clothing现在分词作定语
现在分词形式：doing
现在分词作定语表示主动进行 ; 所处位置=1 名词前>1名词后面
翻译以下词组
a knowing smile 会心一笑
weling speeches 欢送祝词
running water 自来水
those stirring years 动乱年月
笑嘻嘻的警察a smiling policeman
开展中国家developing countries
劳动人民working people
邻邦the neighboring states
变化中的世界a changing world
用现在分词短语改写以下定语从句
1.Did you see the girl who was dancing with your brother?
Did you see the girl dancing with your brother?
2.A cheer went up from the crowds that were watching.
A cheer went up from the watching crowds.
3.The factory that makes these pens is a small one.
The factory making these pens is a small one.
4. He saw an old lady who begged on the street.
He sawan old lady begging on the street.
5. Childrenwho watchTV all day don’t get enough exercises.
Children watching TV all daydon’t get enough exercises.
6. We need volunteers and any peoplewho are interested can contact the police first.
We need volunteers andany interested peoplecan contact the police first.
六、文本翻译
脱逃
那个战俘杀死卫兵以后，快速地把尸体拖进了灌木丛。他在黑暗中忙活了一阵儿，很快就换上了死者的衣服。现在他身穿蓝装，肩扛，在营门前大胆地来回走看。他听得营里面的吵闹声。那里灯米通明，人们在东奔西跑：他们刚刚发觉有一个俘虏跑了。正在此时，一辆黑大轿车在营门口停了下来。里面坐了4个官。官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。他们走后，汽车司机向他走来，这人明显是想谈天。他上了年纪，有着灰白的头发和光明的蓝眼睛。战俘为他感到惋惜，但却没有别的选择。当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他打倒在地，然后跳进车里，以最快的速度把车开走了。
七、语法填空
Why did the prisoner attack the driver?
When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. 1._____(work) rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. Now, 2._____(dress) in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights 3._____(blaze) and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. 4._____that moment, a large black car with four 5._____(office) inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and 6._____(salute) as they passed. When they 7._____(go), the driver of the car came towards him. The man 8._____(obvious) wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was 9._____else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off 10._____quickly as he could.

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