48个国际音标课程讲义
元音和辅音的定义：
发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音;
不论声带振动与否,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍,这样形成的语音称为辅音;
发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音;
发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音
一、元音
1、/i:/  /i/  这个音的字母组合有 e ea  ee
e: me   　be    she    he  　we    evening
ee: sweet  bee  sweep  sheep  see  sleep  three  green
ea: meat  leaf sea  pea  teach  eat  clean 
绕口令练习：　the teacher repeated the speech to please the people.
                      I can see the sea, the deep green sea
2/i/ 短元音,嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,嘴型扁平;中间放一个小指尖,这个音是顺口即来的啊哈;  字母和字母组合  I e y ey ay
Pig      fish    lorry    happy    money    chin
绕口令练习：why  does Lily go out with Jim and not him
    If I assist a sister-assistant, will the sister’s sister-assistant assist meclothes的音标
3梅花音An apple is good after a nap
    Can you can a can as a canner can can a can
4短原因 /e/唇形扁平,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍微隆起,张嘴即来,跟打招呼“哎”的声音相似  a  e  ai
  ue  ea  ie等字母和字母组合发该音
Egg    bell    bread      said    head    desk    elephant   
绕口令练习：my hen likes to lay ten fresh eggs every day.
    Let’s get together when the weather  is better.
2、中元音  /:/,                      The early birds catches the worm
2短元音
3短元音    Barbara and Char,les are dancing in a large garden.
2长元音  /:/   双唇收的小而圆,向前突出,舌身往后缩;常见a au  aw ar al or ore oor ou our  等组合会发这个音
ball    wall    water  horse  door  corn
绕口令练习： basketball,  basketball  ,Paul plays basketball
    She thought she ought to take a walk before four o’clock
3短元音4、双元音/e/,  /a/,      Boys and girls like new toys, they will bring many joys .
3/a/口型由大到小,ou ow等字母组合经常发该音
House      mouse      flower      cow      blouse    bow    owl   
绕口令练习：I got a cat to chase the mouse, now I hear ‘meow, meow’ around the house.
    Brown was proud of his house, which faced the south of the country.
4      I see clearly an idea struck him and threw him into great fear.
5/e/  一样是先舌尖抵下齿,air are ear  ere  eir 常发该音
hair    stair    square      glare    pear    chair  airport  bear
绕口令练习：Beware of the hare in the yard. He stares and glares very hard.
    Mary stares carefully at the hairy bear
6    Do you want pepper or paper Which is cheaper I want pepper, not paper, if pepper is cheaper than paper.
2浊辅音 /b/  双唇紧闭,然后快速张开,让气,流冲出口腔,发出爆破音,声带振动;
book    ball     bird   big    boy   bag      banana    cabbage    book    ball    bird  big     boy    ba
绕口令练习：baby birds, baby birds , look at the baby birds on the beach.
    Bill was beaten black and blue by a bad boy with a bag on his back
3/t/舌尖抵住上齿龈,然后憋住气,突然弹开舌尖,让气流从口腔喷出来,声带不振动,发音短促有力;
table     tea     taxi      cat      rat     fat     ticket      butter     matter

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