上海市南模中学2021-2022学年高三上英语期中考
II.Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A（10分）
Directions: After reading the passages below fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we____1____ (threaten) their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than____2____absorb.
Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap—but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable “carbon sinks” long into the future____3____  require reducing th
eir capacity to absorb carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.
The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts____4____(thin) out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, ____5____(restore) the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off (抵挡) insects. The landscape is considered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees____6____ (consume).
The need____7____such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 20l0, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone，and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.
California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030—financed from the proceeds of the state's emissions-permit auctions. That's only____8____ small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will
be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.
State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, ____9____ traditionally they've focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Califomia's plan, _____10_____ is expected to be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a model.
【答案】1. are threatening   
2. they    3. may   
4. to thin    5. restoring   
6 are consumed   
7. for    8. a   
9. but    10. which
【教师】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。森林给了我们阴凉、安静的环境，也是应对气候变化的一大挑战。并且介绍了加利福尼亚州在解决细节问题上正处于领先地位，正如它在许多气候努力中所做的那样。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：即使我们人类指望森林吸收我们产生的大部分二氧化碳，我们也在威胁它们吸收二氧化碳的能力。根据句意可知，此处应该使用现在进行时表正在进行的动作，主语是we，系动词用are。故填are threatening。
【2题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们正在加速的气候变化有朝一日可能会给我们留下超过它们二氧化碳吸收能力的二氧化碳排放森林。分析句子可知缺少主语，指代前文提到的forests，用they符合题意。故填they。
【3题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：帮助森林在未来长期繁荣成为有价值的“碳汇”可能需要降低它们吸收二氧化碳的能力。分析句子可知动名词作主语，空格后是动词原形require，需要填入情态动词may表示可能。故填may。
【4题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：该州提出的森林碳计划旨在加倍努力，在部分森林中瘦削幼树并清除灌木丛。空格处需要动词不定式做目的状语。故填to thin。
【5题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：但剩余的树木吸收了更多的可用水分，因此它们生长茁壮成长，恢复了森林从空气中吸收二氧化碳的能力。空格处需要现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果。故填restoring。
【6题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：即使发生火灾，也会减少树木的消耗。结合前一句is considered，
可知句子时态是一般现在时，主语fewer trees和consume之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是fewer trees，系动词用are。故填are consumed。
【7题详解】
考查介词。句意：这种规划的必要性越来越迫切。The need for…，意为：对于……的需求/必要性。故填for。
【8题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这只是可能受益的总面积的一小部分。泛指“一小部分”，small以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，a small share of，意为：一小部分。故填a。
【9题详解】
考查连词。句意：州政府已经习惯于管理森林，但传统上，他们关注野生动物、水域和娱乐机会。前后文构成转折关系，故用but符合题意。故填but。
【10题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：加州的计划预计将于明年由州长最终确定，该计划将起到作为榜样的作用。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Califomia's plan，且在从句只能够作主语，指物用which。故填which。
Section B
Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.deliver    B.resist    C.resolve      D.inquiry    E.aspect    F.series
G.destructive  H determine  L rooted  J. disgusting    K.trial
Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful'resolve的名词形式？Because humans have an inherent need to____11____ uncertainty，according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will seek to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer w
ill hurt.
In a____12____ of four experiments，behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to express themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one____13____，each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment The twist. Half of the pens would____14____ an electric shock when clicked.

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