新课标英语：专题二+阅读理解+第四节+一+Word版含解析
第四节主旨大意题
一、标题归纳题
(2018·11月浙江，C)
I start every summer with the best of intentions：to attack one big book from the past，a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious.Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental：Moby Dick on a three-day cross-country train trip；The Magic Mountain in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors，no telephones or televisions in the rooms，and little to do beyond row on the salt pond.Attempting The Man Without Qualities on a return to Hawaii，my native state，however，was less fruitful: I made it through one and a quarter volumes (册)，then decided that I’d got the point and went swimming instead.
But this summer I find myself at a loss.I’m not quite interested in Balzac，say，or Tristram S
handy.There’s always War and Peace，which I’ve covered some distance several times，only to get bogged down in the “War” part，set it aside for a while，and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again，having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank.How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite—once more into The Wa v es or Justine，which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.
And then there’s Stendhal’s The Red and the Black，which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail(鸡尾酒) of the summer，created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and Back Forty.It is easy to drink，and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea.Cecconi’s theory: “I take whatever’s fresh at the greenmarket and turn it into liquid.” The result is a pure shot of
afternoon in the park，making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once，lying on uncut grass with eyes shut，sun beating through
语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢暑期旅游读书，并和我们分享了自己读书的体会。
27．What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph?
A．He has a cottage in New England.
B．He shows talents for literature.
C．He enjoys reading when traveling.
D．He admires a lot of great writers.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Moby Dick on a three-day cross-country train trip；The
Magic Mountain in a New England The Man Without Qualities on a return to Hawaii”等内容可知，作者在旅行中喜欢阅读。故选C。
28．What do the underlined words “get bogged down” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Get confused.
B．Be carried away.
C．Be interrupted.
D．Make no progress.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。根据文中的“I’ve covered some distance several times”和“set it aside for a while”及读后的结果“having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank”可知，作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边。句中画线的“get bogged down”指的是“陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展”。与make no progress同义。故选D。
29．Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating?
A．He finishes them quickly.
B．He should read something serious.
C．He barely understands them.
D．He has read them many times before.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite—once more into The Wa v es or Justine，which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.”可知，作者再次读到自己最喜欢的书时，感到非常刺激
和兴奋。同时感觉自己兴奋的心情与严肃的作品不适合，所以这时候会有欺骗的感觉，认为自己应该读一些严肃的东西。故选B。
30．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Books of Summer
B．My Summer Holidays
C．To Read or Not to Read
D．It’s Never Too Late to Read
答案A
解析标题归纳题。文章第一段开头作者就谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段中的“But this summer I find myself at a loss.”谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段的“my favorite cocktail(鸡尾酒) of the summer”把读书和鸡尾酒联系起来，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，The Books of Summer适合作为标题，故选A。
一、题型解读
记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。设问形式常有：
(1)Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
less is more英文理解(2)What can be a suitable title for the passage/text?
(3)What is the best title for this passage?
(4)The most suitable title of this passage is “”．
一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——准确而又简短；针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。
二、解题技巧
1．“高度概括”定标题
(1)所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的注意，标题往往比较醒目。
(2)一般文章的标题可根据主题句来判断，但在某些文章中，如记叙文，没有明确的主题句，需要根据文中的事实细节，查文章的“主线”，归纳出文章的主题。
2．文章标题三特点
(1)形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多；
(2)短小精悍，精确性强；
(3)涵盖性强，能覆盖全文大意。
例如：【真题感悟】中第30题。文章第一段开头作者就谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段中的“But this summer I find myself at a loss.”谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段的“my favorite cocktail(鸡尾酒) of the summer”把读书和鸡尾酒联系起来，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，The Books of Summer适合作为标题，故选A。
A
(2019·湖南长沙雅礼中学一模)
Laughter is part of the 1universal human vocabulary.All members of the human species understand it.Unlike English or French or Swahili，we don’t have to learn to speak it.We’re born with the capacity to laugh.
Very little is known about the specific brain mechanisms responsible for laughter.5Contrary to folk wisdom，most laughter is not about humor；it is about relationships.12To find out when and why people laugh，I went with several assistants to local malls and recorded wh
at happened just before people laughed.Over a 10-year period，we studied over 2,000 cases of naturally 10occurring laughter.

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