大学英语四级仔细阅读专项强化真题试卷7 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. 
    The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping—where you hand over notes and count out change in return—now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters, like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a comer shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance—you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.    Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I’m just old-fashioned. But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us. Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink(眨眼)of an eye? Doesn’t a wallet—that time-ho
noured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—represent something that matters?    But I’ll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as a pebble(鹅卵石). Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.
 
1． What is happening to the wallet?
A．It is disappearing.
B．It is being fattened.
C．It is becoming costly.
less is more英文理解
D．It is changing in style.
正确答案：A
解析：事实细节题。第一段第一句开篇便点明钱包正走向灭绝。因此A)“它正在消失”符合文意，故为答案。 
2． How are business transactions done in big modern stores?
A．Individually.
B．Electronically.
C．In the abstract.
D．Via a cash register.
正确答案：B
解析：事实细节题。第一段第六句举例说明在最前沿的商店里人们如何付款。第七句提到，店员都配有平板电脑，顾客在沙发上休息时就可以付账。由此可知，在大型现代商店里，商业交易是通过电子设备完成的，故答案为B)。 
3． What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?
A．Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.
B．The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.
C．Earning money is getting more difficult.
D．Spending money is so fast and easy.
正确答案：D
解析：事实细节题。第二段介绍作者的看法。现金概念的抽象化使作者感到不安。究其原因是作者认为挣钱不容易，而花钱却在转瞬间，故答案为D)。 
4． Why does the author choose to write about what’s happening to the wallet?
A．It represents a change in the modern world.
B．It has something to do with everybody’s life.
C．It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.
D．It is the concern of contemporary economists.
正确答案：A
解析：事实细节题。what’s happening to the wallet指的是钱包正走向灭绝。第三段继续介绍作者对钱包即将灭绝的看法。第二句提到，钱包的消失给我带来的困扰是关于它所代表的实体环境的改变。因此A)“它代表现代世界的一个改变”符合文意，故为答案。 
5． What can we infer from the passage about the author?
A．He is resistant to social changes.
B．He is against technological progress.
C．He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.
D．He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.
正确答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由定位句可以看出，作者对钱包走向灭绝感到不安和困惑，而钱包灭绝正是代表着社会的变化，因此D)“他在不断变化的现代世界中感到不安”符合文意，该选项中的insecure对应定位句中的uneasy和bother，故答案为D)。 
    Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss— varies by culture.    From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays.    Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 26.    Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On N
ew Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m.    Russians also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.    Similarly, Americans’ late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends.    Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球)final.    The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺). The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.    It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns: in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health-conscious among us have su
ch deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
 
6． What does the author say about people’s sleeping habits?
A．They are culture-related.
B．They affect people’s health.
C．They change with the seasons.
D．They vary from person to person.
正确答案：A
解析：事实细节题。文章首段后半句指出，人们为了赶上什么而熬夜或者为了不错过什么而早起，却因文化的不同而存在差异。由此可见，人们的睡眠习惯与文化有关，故答案为A)。 
7． What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep?
A．They don’t fall asleep until very late.
B．They don’t sleep much on weekends.
C．They get less sleep on public holidays.
D．They sleep longer than people elsewhere.
正确答案：C
解析：推理判断题。文章第四段第一句指出，俄罗斯其他熬夜或早起的日子基本上与公共假期相一致。故本题答案为C)。 
8． What is the major cause for Europeans’ loss of sleep?
A．The daylight savings time.
B．The colorful night life.
C．The World Cup.
D．The summertime.
正确答案：C
解析：推理判断题。文章第八段首句指出，世界杯也应承担剥夺人们睡眠的主要责任。最后两句用英国人、德国人、意大利人和法国人熬夜看世界杯的例子来论证。因此，欧洲人缺乏睡眠的主要原因是为了看世界杯，故本题答案为C)。 
9． What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their sleep patterns?
A．They have trouble falling asleep.
B．They want to get sufficient sleep.
C．They are involved in a sleep research.
D．They want to go to bed on regular hours.
正确答案：B
解析：事实细节题。文章最后一段前两句指出，并不是每个人都有设备记录自己的睡眠模式，在以上一些国家中，可能只有最富有的人才这样做；那些选择追踪自己睡眠的人也许是想要获得比普通人更多的睡眠。即富人记录自己睡眠模式最可能的原因是他们想要充足的睡眠，故本题答案为B)。 
10． What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A．Sleeplessness does harm to people’s health.
B．Few people really know the importance of sleep.
C．It is important to study our sleep patterns.
D．Average people probably sleep less than the rich.
正确答案：B
解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一句提到，这一整年里，如果我们中最具健康意识的人的睡眠时间都有这么大的浮动，那我们其余的人又失去了多少睡眠呢?换句话说，人们对睡眠不够重视，故本题答案为B)。 
    Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?    It wouldn’t be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn’t reproduce it in most of the US either. What does it take to make a Silicon Valley?    It’s the right people. If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from Silicon Valley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.    You only need two kinds of people to create a technology hub(中心): rich people and nerds(痴迷科研的人).    Observation bears this out. Within the US, towns have become startup hubs if and only if they have both rich people and nerds. Few startups happen in Miami, for example, because although it’s full of rich people, it has few nerds. It’s not the kind of place nerds like.    Whereas Pittsburgh has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people. The top US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT, Stanford, Berkeley, and Carnegie-Mellon. MIT yielded Route 128. Stanford and Berkeley yielded Silicon Valley. But what did Carnegie-Mellon yiel
d in Pittsburgh? And what happened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list?    I grew up in Pittsburgh and went to college at Cornell, so I can answer for both. The weather is terrible, particularly in winter, and there’s no interesting old city to make up for it, as there is in Boston. Rich people don’t want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there’re plenty of hackers(电脑迷)who could start startups, there’s no one to invest in them.    Do you really need the rich people? Wouldn’t it work to have the government invest in the nerds?    No, it would not. Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people. They tend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business. This helps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice and connections as well as money. And the fact that they have a personal stake in the outcome makes them really pay attention.

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