菏泽题型四　阅读理解
菏泽真题剖析
(2019·山东菏泽中考)
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
  In the Warring States Period, the State of Qin had a fight with the State of Zhao. Zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from Chu. Then Mao Sui—the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended(推荐) himself. And he made the king of Chu send the army to help successfully. Zhao was safe. From then on, Mao Sui became a well­known hero of the state.
  One day, Shang Yang put a thin wooden stick near the south gate of the capital of Qin. He promised to pay 10 gold pieces to anyone who could move it to the north gate. It was such a simple job that all the people thought Shang was joking. Then he added 40 more gold pieces. a man moved it and he really got 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin believed Shang was a man of his word. So they all followed Shang's new laws later.
  Wang Xizhi was one of the most famous calligraphers(书法家) during the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and never stopped.
One day, Wang Xizhi wrote in wood for an engraver(雕刻师) to cut. Then the engraver found the ink had penetrated (渗透) one centimeter into the wood. Now “Ru Mu San Fen” is often used to describe sharp ideas or useful views.
41.Where did Mao Sui come from according to this passage?
A．The State of Qin.     
B．The State of Zhao.
C．The State of Chu.
42．Why did the people of Qin follow Shang Yang's new laws?
A．They believed in Shang Yang. 
B．They were afraid of Shang Yang.
C．Shang Yang gave them gold pieces.
43．What is “Ru Mu San Fen” often used to describe now?
A．A man of his word. 
B．Sharp ideas or useful views.
less is more英文理解
C．A well­known hero of the state.
B
How do people find their ways? At first, people did it by looking at the sun, the moon and stars. Later, we started to use the compass(指南针). Today, there are navigation satellite systems.
A navigation satellite system uses groups of satellites. They send information to a receiver, such as your smart phone. Then they can find where you are.
The earliest navigation system is the Global (全球的) Positioning System(GPS) of the United States. The US has put 24 satellites into space to make sure GPS can locate a person correctly and globally. Russia's GLONASS and European Union's Galileo can also work globally.
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is China's homegrown navigation system. It was set up in 2000. With it, China became the third country to build a navigation system after the US and Russia.
BeiDou can find you wherever you are. It helps you go faster by finding shortcuts and using correct directions. When you are in trouble and call the police, they will know exactly where you are if you have a smart phone that uses BeiDou.
Today, there are more than 20 BeiDou satellites above our heads. And the system is able to offer open services to the Asia­Pacific area.
China plans to send more BeiDou­3 satellites into space. BeiDou­3's position accuracy(精确度) is less than five meters. By 2020, the BeiDou system will have 35 satellites and begin serving globally.
44．How did people find their ways at first according to this passage?
A．By looking at the sun, the moon and stars.
B．By using the navigation satellite systems.
C．By looking at the compass.
45．How many navigation satellite systems are mentioned in the passage?
A．Two.              B．Three.              C．Four.
46．What does the underlined word “locate” in the third paragraph mean?
A．位于              B．设置              C．定位
47．What do you know about the BeiDou system?
A．It was set up before GPS.     
B．It will begin serving globally by 2020.
C．There are less than 20 BeiDou satellites today.
C
Writing is a much newer invention than talking. Nobody knows when people first began to talk, but so far as we know, they did not begin to write until seven or eight thousand years ago.
In Egypt, Mesopotamia, and China, and later in Palestine and Greece, people began to make marks and pictures with sticks and sharp stones from which others, or they themselves, later, could see what they had thought.
These early records were the beginning of writing. The first writing was picture writing. Here are some early Chinese picture words. Can you see what they represent (代表)?
Later Chinese writing is less like pictures than the earlier writing was, but we can see the pictures in some of its words. For example：
In picture writing, each picture represents a word; you need a different picture or mark for each word.
In present­day Chinese writing most of the marks are not pictures of anything, and a reader has to learn how the Chinese write about two thousand of these words before being able to read a newspaper.
With some of these marks you may be able to see what the idea is. For example：
The sun and the moon.明 Its meanings are：“bright”and “open”．
A man and two marks.仁 One of the meanings is “humanity”．

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