必修  1 Unit2
Part 1. Warming up
1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? 你知道有不止一种英语吗？
more than 的用法
（1）more than 用在数字前，意为“比......多；超过......”，more than one 意为“不止一个”（含义为复数，但谓语动词用单数）。
More than one question was raised at the meeting.不止一个问题在会上被提出。
（2）more than 用在名词前，表示程度或加强语气，意为“不仅仅，不只是”，相当于not only.
He is more than a friend to me . He is my English teacher.他不仅仅是我的朋友，他还是我
的英语老师。
（3）more than 分开用在比较状语从句中时，意为“比......更......；与其......倒不如......”（肯定定前面的内容，否定后面的内容）
He is more brave than wise. 他有勇无谋。
The book seems to be more a picture book than a storybook. 这本书与其说是故事书倒不
如说是图画书。
（4）more than +adj.很......非常...... I'm more than glad to help you. 我非常乐意帮助你。
┏知识拓展┓
（1）more .....的用法：
more+adj./n.+为一个表示比较级的结构，意为“比。。。”
The problem is more complicated than we expected.这个问题比我们预料中要复杂得多。
You've actually given me more help than I need. 你其实没有必要给我那么多帮助。
（2）not more than意为"至多，不超过"，它相当于at （the）most.
He's only a child of not more than 10. 他仅仅是个不到10岁的孩子。
（3）no more ........than .........的用法
①no more than 后面常接数词，表示数量少，相当于only, 意为“仅仅，只有”
To my surprise, no more than 5 members shared my idea.
令我吃惊的是，只有5个成员同意我的观点。
，表示对前后两方面都否定。
②no more ........than .........意为“和.......一样都不.......”
Don't ask him about it. He knows no more than you.别问他这件事了。他和你一样对此一无所知
例China Daily is _____a newspaper. It helps improve our English.
< more than
< less tan
< than
< more than
2、Which country do you think has the most English learners?
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending
1、At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.在16世纪末，大约有五百万到七百万人说英语。
辨析at the end of , by the end of, in the end
at the .
（1）在.........的末端，到........的尽头（表示场所）
At the end of the road, you'll find the factory easily.在这条路的尽头你会很容易地到那
家工厂。
（2）在........结束时，在........末（表示时间）
I came across an old friend I hadn't seen for ages at the end of last month.上月底我偶然遇到
了一位多年不见的老朋友。
by the end of
+将来某一时间，作时间状语，句子用将来完成时
eg. I will have finished reading the book by the end of next month.
+过去某一时间，作时间状语，句子用过去完成时
例3 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ________in Beijing.
A.would be completed
B.was being completed
C.has been completed
D.had been completed
in the end 最后，终于，独立作状语，句子用一般过去时。
2. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that,English began to be spoken in many other countries.
because of, owing to, due to, on account of, thanks to都有“由于，因为”的意思，都是介词短语，因此后面不可接从句。其中due to一般不置于句首。thanks to可以表达正面意思，“幸亏”，也可用于讽刺口吻中（近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”）。
用because，because of填空
He was late __________the heavy rain.
（2）He was late __________it rained heavily.
3. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相理解。
even if/though 即使，尽管，用来引导让步状语从句。
Even if I didn't know anybody at the party,I had a good time.尽管在聚会上我谁也不认识，
但仍然玩得很开心。
Even though he has nothing else to do，he won't come to the concert. 即使他没事做，也不会去听音乐会。
【注意】（1）若主句和从句皆表示将来的情况，则even if 从句可用一般现在时代替
将来时。
We’ve decided to visit the museum even if/even though it rains tomorrow.
（2）even if 从句的内容不肯定；而even though 从句的内容则是事实。
He will not let out the secret even if he knows it.即使他知道这个秘密，他也不会说出来。（他是否知道秘密不确定）
He will not let out the secret even though he knows it.他虽然知道这个秘密，却不肯说出来。（他知道这个秘密）
例The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities，
__________they have the interest.
A. wherever
B. whenever
C. even if
D. as if
4. I’d like to come up to your apartment.
come up意为：走近；上来；提出；露出地面，发芽；发生
The sun has come up. 太阳升起来了。
The farmers will come up to Beijing. 那些农民要去北京。
种子尚未发芽。
The seeds haven’t come up yet.
问题尚未被提出。
The question hasn’t come up yet.
归纳总结
come about发生come over 顺便来访come on赶快，快点；加油
come out 出来，出版come down 下来，传承come across偶遇，碰到
come true成为现实come up with想出，提出come at 向.......扑来，攻击come from 来自例They______a new proposal for pushing sales (促销)。
Ae up to
Be up with
Ce over
De around
例用come 构成的词组填空
（1）The hunter walked through the forest when suddenly a bear_________him.
（2）The magazine __________once a month.
（3）I wish you can ___________to England on your holiday.
（4）He has_________new ways of saving energy.
（5）They ___________an old friend in the street this morning.
5、It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德
语为基础，而不是我们现在所讲的英语。
①把.........建立在........上；be based on ........根据........，以......为基础。
注意：在on......短语中，base 用作及物动词，主动语态中，base 后通常有宾语，否则base 应以被动的形式出现。
The story is based on/upon the fact.故事是以事实为基础的。
②present n.礼物；adj.在场的，目前的；vt.赠送
The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母送给我的
生日礼物。
I am afraid I can't help you at present.恐怕现在我没办法帮助你。
Were you present when the decision was announced?宣布那项决定时你在场？
In the present case,I advise you to wait.按照目前的情况看，我建议你等等。
May I present my new assistant to you?请允许我向你介绍我的新助手好吗？
短语拓展
at present意为：目前，现在
at the present time (=for the present)眼前，暂时
be present at the meeting出席会议
be present to mind放在心里；记忆犹新
present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.把某物赠给某人
注意：present (作前置定语)现在的，当前的；（作后置定语）出席的，到场的
He doesn’t know how to deal with the present situation.(前置定语，现在的，当前的）
The people present at he meeting are advanced workers.（后置定语，出席的，到场的）
6.So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 所以到17世纪时，莎士比亚所用发的词汇量比以往任何时候都大。
by the 1600's到17世纪时。The 1600's也可以写成the 1600s。
make use of为固定短语，意为“利用”，在名词use之前可以加上形容词，表示不同程度
的利用。
Human beings，especially the Chinese, should make full use of their natural resources.人类，尤其是中国人，应该充分利用自然资源。
注意：make use of有时可用于被动语态中
短语拓展
make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用
come into use 开始被使用in use 正在用
put to use 利用，使用use up 用完，耗尽
例If better use is ______your spare time, you'll make good progress in doing your business.
A.spent
B.made of
C.used for
D.taken
7、For example, India has a very large number of fluent 例如，印度拥有许多
讲英语很流利的人..........
a large number of 许多，大量
A large number of students have failed the exam. 许多学生考试不及格。
辨析  a number of ,the number of
a number of 后加可数名词复数，当该短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数，意为“许多，大量”
the number of 后加可数名词复数，当该短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式，
less is more是谁提出的
意为“.......的数量”
例如，A large number of students have failed the exam and the number of them is30.许多学生考试不及格，数量是30.
例The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _________rising steadily since 1997.
A.is
B.are
C.has been
D.have been
8、Only time will tell. 这只能由时间来回答了。
tell vi.(确定地)说出；vt.分辨；区分。
It's too early to tell now.现在进行判断还为时过早。
I really can't tell which is which. 我实在分辨不出哪个是哪个。
知识拓展
（1）tell vt. 告诉。tell sb sth/tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事
He told the news to everybody he saw.他逢人便讲这个消息。
（2）tell vt. 命令；吩咐。tell sb to do sth 命令/吩咐某人做某事。
He was told to sit down and wait. 有人吩咐他坐下等着。
tell a lie 说谎tell a story 讲故事
tell the difference between A and B 说出A与B之间的区别
tell (sb.) the truth 对（某人）说实话
例If anyone happens to drop in while I am out,_________him or her leave a message.
A.have
<
C.ask
Part 3. Learning about Language
1.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speaker.对中国
人来说，想把英语说得像英国人一样好，并不是件容易的事。
本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to do。该句是句式“It is/was+adj.(+for sb.)+to 的具体应用，for sb.表示不定式的动作是由谁发出的。
<”
当作表语的形容词是表示不定式逻辑主语的特征，即形容词用来描述不定式行为发出者
句型。此类形容词常见的有：
的性格、品行等时，要用“It is/was+adj.+of sb.+”
kind,nice,clever,wrong,right,foolish,wise,stupid,rude,careless,brave,polite等。在这种句型中，sb.可以作句子的主语。
as well as 同级比较，“和....一样好”；还可表示“也，和”，连接主语时谓语动词采用就
远原则。Your elder brother as well as you is kind to me.
as well是副词，相当于too，一般放在句末。
Mr Liu can speak English. He can speak French as well.
might/may(just) as well do sth. 倒不如做。。。吧，还是做。。。的好
We might as well leave at once.我们倒不如立刻离开的好。
2. As we know, British English is a little different from/ than American English. 正如我们
所知道的那样，英式英语与美式英语有点儿不同。（P11）
(1) as在句中作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，代替后面整句话的内容，as在定语
从句中充当动词know的宾语。as引导从句表示说话人的看法、态度或给出某种解释或评论。
As is known to all, he is a great writer. 我们都知道，他是一位伟大的作家。
The earth is round, as we all know. 众所周知，地球是圆的。
(2) “a little+ 形容词或副词的原级”意为“有点儿……；稍微……”。
After working, he was a little tired. 工作后，他有点儿累了。
知识拓展
①“a little+ 不可数名词”意为“少量的……；一点儿……”。
Eg. There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。
②“a little+ 形容词或副词的比较级”意为“较……；稍微……一点儿”
Eg. He is a little taller than I. 他比我高一点儿。
③当a little修饰形容词、副词原级或比较级时，相当于  a bit，但not a bit却与not a little 含义不同. not a bit意为“一点儿也不”，相当于not at all，而not a little 相当于very much.
我们休息一会儿吧。我有点儿累。
Let’s have a rest. I’m a little / bit tired.
He has given us not a little trouble. 他给我们带来了很多麻烦。
④“a bit of + 单数名词或不可数名词”意为“一小块……；一点儿……”。
3.Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
command “n. /vt. 命令，指令，掌握”
(1)in command of 由……指挥
under /in/at the command of sb.在……指挥之下
have (a) good command of掌握；精通（尤指语言）
（2） do sth.命令某人做某事
(should) do...命令……
He commanded the soldiers to attack.
=He commanded that the soldiers (should) attack.他命令士兵们进攻。
I never promised to obey her commands.（作为命令，指令时可数）我从未答应服从她的命令。Mr. Smith has （a ）good command of spoken English.（作为运用能力，掌握时不可数，但
有时前可加a) 史密斯先生对英语口语掌握得很好。
request v.& n.请求，要求
do sth.要求某人做某事
request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事
at the request of ab.=at one’s request 应某人的要求
request sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物
用所给词的适当形式填空
⑴ He requested me ________ (write) a letter of recommendation.
⑵ He requested that I ________________(write) a letter of recommendation.
⑶ The passengers _____________(request) to show their passports.
Part 4. Using Language
1. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。
（1）Believe it or not在句中通常作插入语，表明说话者的语气或态度。
Eg. Believe it or not, the eight-year-old boy can speak 3 foreign languages.
信不信由你，这个8岁的男孩子会说三门外语。
【注意】believe sb表示“相信某人所说的话”；believe in sb表示“信任某人的本质”。
巧学妙用

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