2019 中考英语阅读理解金题（4）
【能力选练】 A
（2019 中考训练题）
People often think of the North Pole(北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen(冰冻的)
wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine.
The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F.
Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.
There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.
People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water(水道) called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
1.This passage is probably from    .
A． a book review    B． a science book
C． a school report    D． a computer magazine
2.According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago ?
A.Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole.
B.Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32°F.

C.The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.
D.The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures. 3．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese?
A． 气候恶劣的    B． 充满危险的    C． 困难重重的    D． 无人居住的
4.The reason for the ice to break into two opening lanes of water is    .
A． that the temperature suddenly drops    B． that the water under the ice is frozen
C． that the ocean water under the ice moves    D． that the surface is covered with lots of ice
5.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.The thick ice in the North Pole.
B.A difficult trip to the North Pole.
C.The real situation in the North Pole.
D.The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole.
【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇科普文，介绍了北极点的有关情况。首先指出北极和南极并不  像人们想象的那么相像，接着从冰层厚、气温低等方面介绍恶劣的环境，然后插入了 100 多年前两个人克服重重困难走到北极的故事，证明了北极的大部分地区无人居住。最后介绍了海水  在冰下的运动常常会引起表面上许多不同的变化。
1.题意：这篇文章可能是从    。考查综合理解题。A. a book review 一本书评；B. a science book 一本科学书；C. a school report 一则学术报告；D. a computer magazine 一本计算机杂志。短文是一则科普文，根据它的体裁，应该摘自于科学书。故选 B。
2.题意：根据这篇文章，大约 100 年前发生了什么？考查细节理解题。A. Two men succeed
ed in getting to the North Pole.两个人成功地到达了北极点。根据 About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties.可知，说法正确，可选。B. faster怎么读?Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32°F.北极点的温度超过华氏 32 度。根据原文句子 Temperatures seldom go above 32°F ，可知温度极少能超过华氏 32 度，故说法错误。C. The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.北极的环境突然变得更糟了，短文没有提及，故说法错误。D. The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures.北极由于气温变化变成厚厚的冰，根据 However, this is not true in the Arctic.可知，说法错误。根据文意，可知选 A。

3.题意：下划线的“uninhabited”这个词在汉语中是什么意思？考查词义理解题。few 一点，表否定意义。根据下文提示 Few people can live in such a difficult place.，可知很少有人能生活在这样困难的地方。故选 D。
4.题意：冰块断做两口水道的原因是    。考查细节理解题。A. that the temperature suddenl
y drops 气温突然下降；B. that the water under the ice is frozen 冰下的水结冰了；C. that the ocean water under the ice moves 冰下的海水移动了；D. that the surface is covered with lots of ice 表面覆盖着很多冰。根据短文最后的内容 The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water called “leads”.，可知选C。
5.题意：这篇文章主要讲的是什么？考查文意理解和综合理解题。A. The thick ice in the North Pole. 北极点厚厚的冰；B. A difficult trip to the North Pole. 艰难的北极点之行；C. The real situation in the North Pole. 北极点的实际情况；D. The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole. 北极点和南极点之间的差异。本文的主要内容就是介绍北极点的有关情况。根据文意，可知选 C。

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