一、动词第三人称单数的构成:
1、 动词原形后面直接加-s
look—looks read—reads play—plays stop—stops make—makes
2、在以字母s, x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词后加-es
catch—catches watch—watches wash—washes
tomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes go—goes do—does
3、辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-es
carry–carries study–studies hurry–hurries cry–cries
4、特殊变化
have-has be-is
二、动词过去式变化规则:
*规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:
work—worked play—-played wanted—wanted act—acted
2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:
chshlive—lived move—moved
3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:
study—studied copy—copied cry—cried carry—carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:
shop—shopped
*不规则动词的过去式:
is—was are—were begin—began buy—bought
come—came do—did get—got go—went
have/has—had make—made read—read run—ran
see—saw take—took hold—held give—gave
三、动词ing的构成规则:
1、 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing
work —working pass— passing watch—watching
2、 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing
take — taking make— making dance— dancing
3 、重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing
cut — cutting swim—swimming run—running shop—shopping
put — putting begin — beginning
4、名词单复数变化规则:
1、直接加-s.
1、直接加-s.
tree—trees desk—desks card—cards parent—parent
2、以s,x, ch, sh 结尾的加es.
bus—buses box-boxes watch-watches glass-glasses
3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的,改y为i再加es.
country-countries city-cities baby-babies family-families
特例::boy-boys, monkey-monkeys, toy-toys, play-plays(以元音字母结尾)
4、以o结尾的单词,口诀:黑人英雄爱吃西红柿马铃薯
Negro-Negroes hero-heroes potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes
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