Unit 1  Encyclopaedia
                                        --基础教案
一、Key words
1. human  adj.人的,人类的  n. [c]人，人类= human being
the human body 人体  eg: It can get into the human body and cause disease.
                      Dogs can hear much better than humans.
【新词强化训练】
1) We are all h_____________ beings.
2) Wolves will not usually attack h____________.
3) These robots are just like h _______________.
2. inventor  n.[c]发明家
eg: Leonardo Da Vinci is a famous Italian inventor.
invent  v. 发明,创造（指发明创造出来的是以前没有的东西）
eg: Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the light bulb.
invention  n.发明，创造
eg: The invention of the computer brings us a lot of convenience.
3. musician  n.音乐家    music  n. 音乐  musical adj.音乐的
  He is going to be a musician when he grows up.
  一首乐曲__________  听音乐 ____________
  后缀ian表示“...地方的人；...职业的人”
  Australia—Australian      physician内科医生
  翻译：刘欢是一位知名的音乐家。______________________________
4. scientist n.科学家    science n.科学
知识拓展： ist是表示“人”的职业类词汇的后缀:
science  ist    scientist        art      ist    artist
piano  ist    pianist          violin    ist    violinist
5. born v. 出生(过去分词形式)  bear—bore—born
短语： be born on +出生日期    be born in +出生地,用于过去或将来时
eg: Michael Jordan was born in 1963.
    He was born in Jilin Province on May 3, 1979.
    Her baby will be born next week.
6. ability n.[c]才能,能力
eg: She has the ability to pass the exam, but she must work harder.
短语： have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事
I’m sure he has the ___________ to finish ___________(draw) the horse.
7. perhaps adv.可能，大概
eg: I don’t know where she is–perhaps she’s still at work.
【词语辨析：】maybe, perhaps, possibly, probably 
  这四个词都是副词，都意为 “可能”，但表示的可能性的大小不同：
(1)maybe “或许，大概”， 主要用于非正式场合，常用语口语中，语气比perhaps 轻。
  Maybe they will let me go.
(2)perhaps “也许，可能” 含有“也许是，也许不是”的意思，指小于一半的可能性，较多的含有“不大可能”之意。
  But perhaps they don’t know that yet.
(3)possibly “可能，或者，也许” 可能性较大，十之五六。
  Exercise will not only lower blood pressure but possibly protect against heart attack.
(4)probably  “很可能，大概”，在这组词中可能性最大，十之八九，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。
  This is probably the best vacation I’ve ever had.
8. include  v.包括，包含
  The price of the room includes breakfast.
  including  prep.(介词)
  All the children are reading in the room quietly, including myself.
【词语辨析】include, including, included
(1)include vt. “包含，包括”，后接名词，代词。当接动词时，要用动词ing形式。
  The price includes both house and furniture.
  My job includes teaching and preparing the lessons.
(2)including  prep. “包含，包括”,用来举例，解释或补充说明。
  There are seven people, including four men.
  Many people like Jay Chou, including some adults.
(3)included  adj. “包含在内的”，常用于名词之后。它和including 引起的短语含义相同，但词序不同。
  Everybody had something to say, me included//including me.
9. even  adv. 甚至， 常位于“情系助”之后，行为动词前，表达某一行动出人意料。
有时为了起强调作用，even 也可以放在句中其他地方。
  The game is so easy that even a child can play it.
  They also go swimming even in autumn.
even 还可以用来修饰形容词的比较级。
  This story is even more interesting than that one.
10. however  adv. 然而，与but 是同义词，但比but更正式。
but所表示的是很明显的对比，转折意为比however浓。
从语序上看，but总是位于分句句首。however位于句首,句中,句末均可。常用逗号与句子隔开。
  He was feeling bad. However, he tried to work on time.
  Kate doesn’t sing well, but she dances well.
11. nobody  pron. 没有人  =no one= anyone
  Nobody in our class can speak French.
  I see nobody. = I can’t see anybody.
nobody作为不定代词，作主语时视为单数： Nobody knows why.
12. win  获胜，赢     后接war, match, game以及表示名次，奖品，奖金等的名词作宾语。
  He won a prize yesterday.
  Which side won the football match?
  beat “打败，战胜”，后接表示“人或团队”作宾语。
  We weren’t sure we could beat them.
【即学即练】
I. 根据首字母提示完成句子。
1. I was b________ in a small village.
2. I’m planning to spend some time in the beautiful c__________. I love nature.
3. He has the a__________ to be the manager.
4. P_________ I’ll see him tomorrow, but I’m not sure.
5. I think the most helpful i__________ is the light bulb.
6. include意思E________ a child can understand it.
7. My house is small. It’s very comfortable, h_________.
8. S_____________ there was a loud noise.
9. What an exciting football match! Dalian Shide Team_________ Shanghai Shenhua Team at last!
A. won    B. lost    C. failed    D. beat
10. I opened the door, but I could see n____________.
II. 词形填空
1. The Chinese ________(inventor)the compass(指南针).
2. She likes listening to ____________(musician).

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