TRNSYS 18 A TraN sient Sy stem S imulation program
第1卷
Volume 1
入门
Getting Started
目录。TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.开始1–5。1. GETTING STARTED 1–5
1.1.本手册是什么？1—5。1.1. What is this manual? 1–5
1.2.什么是trnsys？1—5。1.2. What is TRNSYS? 1–5
1.3.Trnsys是如何工作的？1—5。1.3. How does TRNSYS work? 1–5
1.4.组件模型如何工作？1—6。1.4. How do the component models work? 1–6
sys包中有哪些不同的程序？1—6。1.5. What are the various programs in the TRNSYS package? 1–6
include中文1.6.如何将组件模型添加到trnsys？1—8。1.6. How are component models added to TRNSYS? 1–8
1.7.TRNSYS文档集中包括哪些不同的手册？1—8。1.7. What are the different manuals included in the TRNSYS documentation set? 1–8
1.入门。GETTING STARTED
1.1. 这本手册是什么？ What is this manual?
《入门手册》的目的是解释trnsys如何工作以及组成trnsys包的不同工具背后的一些基本概念。一旦你对
这些基本概念有了了解，你就可以移动到文档集的其他卷上，这些文档集提供了关于使用TrnSyS的不同工具和教程的详细信息。但在继续学习教程之前，理解本手册中包含的概念非常重要。。The intent of the Getting Started manual is to explain some of the basics concepts behind how TRNSYS works and the different tools that make up the TRNSYS package. Once you have an understanding of these basic concepts you can move to the other volumes of the documentation set that provide detailed information on the different tools and tutorials on the use of TRNSYS. But it is very important to understand the concepts included in this manual before proceeding with tutorials.
1.2. 什么是trnsys？ What is TRNSYS?
trnsys是一个完整的、可扩展的系统暂态仿真环境，包括多区域建筑。它被世界各地的工程师和研究人员用来模拟新能源概念，从简单的家用热水系统到建筑物及其设备的设计和模拟，包括控制策略、居住者行为、替代能源系统（风能、太阳能、光伏，氢系统）等。。TRNSYS is a complete and extensible simulation environment for the transient simulation of systems,including multi-zone buildings. It is used by engineers and researchers around the world to model new energy concepts, from simple domestic hot water systems to the design and simulation of buildings and their equipment, including control strategies, occupant behavior, alternative energy systems (wind, solar,photovoltaic, hydrogen systems), etc.
在过去的40年里，trnsys成功的关键因素之一是其开放的模块化结构。内核的源代码以及组件模型都将交付给最终用户。这简化了对现有模型的扩展，使它们适合用户的特定需求。。One of the key factors in TRNSYS’success over the last 40 years is its open, modular structure. The source code of the kernel as well as the component models is delivered to
needs.
Trnsys应用程序包括：。TRNSYS applications include:
∙太阳能系统（太阳热能和光伏）。Solar systems (solar thermal and PV)
∙具有先进设计特点的低能耗建筑和暖通空调系统（自然通风、平板供暖\/制冷、双立面等）。Low energy buildings and HVAC systems with advanced design features (natural ventilation, slab heating/cooling, double façade, etc.)
∙可再生能源系统。Renewable energy systems
∙热电联产，燃料电池。Cogeneration, fuel cells
∙任何需要动态模拟的东西！。Anything that requires dynamic simulation!
1.3. Trnsys是如何工作的？ How does TRNSYS work?
trnsys仿真是通过将单个组件模型（称为类型）连接到一个完整的模型中来构建的。这些单个部件代表一个设备，它可以由一个方程系统来表示，以计算其性能，例如泵、管道、冷水
机组、太阳能集热器。在trnsys环境中，它们被连接在一起，类似于它们在现实生活中的连接方式。。TRNSYS simulations are constructed by connecting individual component models (known as Types)together into a complete model. These individual components represent a piece of equipment that can be represented by a system of equations to calculate its performance, such as pumps, pipes, chillers,solar collectors, etc. These are then connected together in the TRNSYS environment similarly to how they would be connected in real life.
启动模拟时，trnsys内核通过读取输入文件来确定模拟中包括哪些类型。它还检查输入文件的语法错误，以及是否包含在模拟中的所有类型都可以在可用的DLL中到。如果这都是正确的，trnsys然后开始模拟。在模拟的每个时间步，内核按照类型出现在输入文件中的顺序调用类型例程一次。然后，它检查对类型的输入，并重新调用每个输入已从上一个调用更改
的类型。它继续这个过程，直到所有类型的输入不再改变。然后它移动到下一个时间步并重
复该过程。。When a simulation is started the TRNSYS kernel determines which Types are included in the simulation by reading the input file. It also checks the input file for syntax errors and whether all of the Types included in the simulation can be found in the available DLLs. If this is all correct, TRNSYS then initiates the simulation. At each timestep of the simulation, the kernel calls the Type routines once in the order that the Types appear in the input file. It then checks the inputs to the Types and re-calls each Type that inputs have changed from the previous call. It continues this process until the inputs to all of the Types are no longer changing. Then it moves to the next timestep and repeats the process.
当模拟完成时，trnsys会写入一个错误日志文件和为模拟设置的任何输出文件。错误文件包含来自模拟的通知、警告和错误消息。。When a simulation is complete, TRNSYS writes an error log file and any output files that have been set-up for the simulation. The error file contains notification, warning and error messages from the simulation.
1.4. 组件模型是如何工作的？ How do the component models work?
在最基本的层次上，trnsys中的组件（称为类型）只是一个黑盒。trnsys内核将输入馈送到黑盒，然后黑盒生成输出。内核负责解决黑匣子系统。然而，为了深入研究，trnsys对随时间变化的输入和不随时间变化的输入进行了区分。可能随时间变化的输入例如温度、流速或
电压。不随时间变化的输入示例是面积或额定容量。与时间相关的输入称为输入，而与时间
无关的输入称为参数。对于给定的组件，组件开发人员在开发时决定哪些是参数，哪些是输入，如果不更改组件的实际代码并重新编译dll，则无法更改。。At the most fundamental level, a component (referred to as a Type) in TRNSYS is merely a black box.The TRNSYS kernel feeds inputs to the black box and in turn, the black box produces outputs. The kernel takes care of solving the system of black boxes. To delve a little deeper, however, TRNSYS makes a distinction between inputs that change with time and inputs that do not change with time. Examples of inputs that might change with time are temperature, flow rate, or voltage. Examples of inputs that do not change with time are area or rated capacity. Time dependent inputs are referred to as INPUTS while time independent inputs are referred to as PARAMETERS. For a given component, the decision to what are parameters and what are inputs is made by the component developer at the time of development and cannot be changed without changing the actual code of the component and recompiling the DLL.
在每次迭代和每一个时间步，一个组件将输入和参数的当前值转换为输出。输出之间没有区别；所有输出都假定是时间相关的，并且在适当的时候由组件重新计算。。At each iteration and at each time step, a component turns the current values of the INPUTS and PARAMETERS into OUTPUTS. No distinction is made among OUTPUTS; all OUTPUTS are assumed to be time dependent and are reco
mputed by a component whenever appropriate.
1.5. trnsys包中有哪些不同的程序？What are the various programs in the TRNSYS package?
模拟工作室-。Simulation Studio –
主要的可视化界面是trnsys模拟工作室。从那里，您可以通过拖动和删除组件到工作空间来创建项目，将它们连接在一起，并设置全局仿真参数。。The main visual interface is the TRNSYS Simulation Studio. From there, you can create projects by drag-and-dropping components to the workspace, connecting them together and setting the global simulation parameters.
Simulation Studio将项目信息保存在Trnsys项目文件（.tpf）中。运行模拟时，studio还会创建trnsys输入文件（包含模拟的所有信息但不包含图形信息的文本文件）。。The Simulation Studio saves the project information in a TRNSYS Project File (*.tpf). When you run a simulation, the Studio also creates a TRNSYS input file (text file that contains all the information on the simulation but no graphical information).
Simulation Studio还包括一个输出管理器，您可以从中控制集成、打印和\/或打印哪些变量，以及一个日志\/错误管理器，它允许您详细研究在模拟过程中发生的事情。。The Simulation Studio also includes a
n output manager from where you control which variables are integrated, printed and/or plotted, and a log/error manager that allows you to study in detail what happened during a simulation.
模拟引擎-。Simulation Engine –
仿真引擎（也称为内核）执行实际的瞬态仿真。它是用fortran语言编写的，源代码随程序一起分发。引擎被编译成windows动态链接库（dll）trndll。trnsys内核读取trnsys输入文件（称为deck文件（.dck））并确定有关模拟的所有信息（使用哪些组件以及如何连接它们）。它还打开模拟所需的任何其他数据文件（例如天气数据），并创建输出文件。。The simulation engine (also referred to as the kernel) performs the actual transient simulation. It is programmed in Fortran and the source code is distributed with the program. The engine
is compiled into a Windows Dynamic Link Library (DLL), TRNDll. The TRNSYS kernel reads the TRNSYS input file (known as the deck file (*.dck)) and determines all the information on the simulation (which components are used and how they are connected). It also opens any additional data files (e.g. weather data) needed by the simulation and creates output files.
模拟引擎由一个可执行程序调用，还实现了在线绘图仪，这是一个非常有用的工具，允许您在模拟过程中查看几十个输出变量。。The simulation engine is called by an executable pro
gram, , which also implements the online plotter, a very useful tool that allows you to view dozens of output variables during a simulation.
多区域建筑界面（TrnBuild\/TrnSys3D）。Multi-zone Building Interface (TRNBuild/TRNSYS3d) –
这个多区域建筑组件模拟了被划分为不同热区的建筑的热行为。为了使用这个组件，必须先执行一个单独的预处理程序。。This multi-zone building component models the thermal behavior of a building divided into different thermal zones. In order to use this component, a separate pre-processing program must first  be executed.
trnbuild是用于为多区域建筑输入数据的工具。它允许您指定所有建筑结构细节，以及模拟建筑热行为所需的所有内容，例如窗的光学特性、供暖和制冷计划，等等。trnbuild创建一个建筑描述文件（.bui），其中包含模拟建筑所需的所有信息。。TRNBuild is the tool used to enter input data for multi-zone buildings. It allows you to specify all the building structure details, as well as everything that is needed to simulate the thermal behavior of the building, such as windows optical properties, heating and cooling schedules, etc. TRNBuild creates a building description file (*.bui) that includes all the information required to simulate the building.
TrnSys3D for TrnSys是SketchUp™的插件，允许您从头开始创建建筑几何图形：添加分区、绘制传热
表面、绘制窗口、绘制着表面等。此信息保存在*.idf文件中。该建筑几何数据可以导入到TrnBug中，而不是手动输入建筑物几何图形。。TRNSYS3d for TRNSYS is a plugin for SketchUp™ that allows you to create the building geometry from scratch: add zones, draw heat transfer surfaces, draw windows, draw shading surfaces, etc. This information is saved in a *.IDF file. This building geometry data can be imported into TRNBuild instead of entering building geometry manually
TRNEdit/TRNSED –
TrNeDIT是一个专门的编辑器，可以用来创建或修改TrnSyS输入文件（DeCKS）。一般不建议这样做，只有高级用户才应尝试手动修改文件组文件。大多数用户应该依赖Simulation Studio来生成和修改deck文件。。TRNEdit is a specialized editor that can be used to create or modify TRNSYS input files (decks). This is not recommended in general and only advanced users should attempt to modify deck files by hand. Most users should rely on the Simulation Studio to generate and modify deck files.
TrNEDIT可用于创建可重分发的应用程序（称为TrnSee应用程序）。这些可执行文件可以自由地分发给没有TrnSIS许可证的最终用户，以便为他们提供简化的仿真工具。可分发的包括通过向trnsys输入文件添加特殊命令而设计的专用可视化界面。。TRNEdit can be used to create redistributable applications (known as TRNSED applications). Those executables can be freely distributed to end-users who do no
t have a TRNSYS license in order to offer them a simplified simulation tool. The distributable includes a dedicated visual interface designed by adding special commands to the TRNSYS input file.

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