译林版八下U7知识点总结
1. You have some pocket money left.
你有一些剩余的零用钱。
解析句中left是动词leave的过去分词,意为“剩下的,余下的”,在句中作后置定语修饰pocket money。固定结构have sth. left 意为“剩下/剩余某物”。
如: I have a little milk left.
我剩了一点牛奶。
2. It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world.
它帮助为每个人,尤其是全世界的孩子们建造一个更好的世界。
解析:especially,副词,意为“特别,尤其”,在句中可修饰名词、动词、形容词介词短语等,especially多放在它所修饰的内容的前面,后面常跟强调的内容,在句中作状语。
如: I love the country, especially in spring.
我喜欢乡村,尤其在春天的时候。
The sun looks especially beautiful from this angle.
太阳从这个角度看起来特别美。
拓展special,形容词,意为“特别的;特殊的”,副词为specially,意为“特意;专门地”。
如: He came here specially to get a grammar book.
他专门来这儿买一本语法书。
3. It provides basic education for children in poor areas.
它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。
解析education,不可数名词,意为“教育”。
如: She received medical education in Japan.
她在日本受过医学教育。
拓展:①education的动词为educate,意为“教育;教养”,固定结构educate sb to do sth.意为“教育某人做某事”。②educator,名词,意为“教育工作者;教育家”。
如: That educator published many articles.
那位教育工作者发表了许多文章。
4. It works for the equal rights of girls and women too.
它也为女孩和妇女们争取平等的权利。
解析right,名词,意为“权利”,后常接动词不定式或“of +名词"结构作定语,表示....的权利”。
如: I have the right to ask for an explanation.
我有权要求一个解释。
Do the police have the right of arrest in this situation?
在此情况下警方有逮捕权吗?
拓展①right作名词,还可表示“右边;右方”。
如: Take the second turning on the right.
在第二个路口向右拐。
②right作形容词,意为“右边的;正确的”。
The bus station is on the right side.
公共汽车站在右边。
③right作副词,意为“向右边;在右边”。
如: Turn right at the end of the street.
在街道的尽头往右拐。
5. It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS,among young people.         
它也致力于阻止一些严重疾病在年轻人中的传播,例如艾滋病。
解析spread, 名词,意为“扩散;分布;展开”,常用结构the spread of 意为.....的扩散”。
如: What can we do to prevent the spread of this disease?
我们能做什么来防止这种疾病的传播呢?
拓展spread作动词,意为“传播;扩散”,过去式和过去分词都是spread.
如: The news that Jin Yong passed away in 2018 spread so quickly all over the world.
金庸于2018年去世的消息迅速传遍了世界各地。
6. About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured.
全世界大约2.85亿人是失明的或者有其他的眼部问题,大部分在贫困地区,并且这些病例中的大约80%可以被预防或治愈。
解析(1) mostly,副词,意为“主要地,大部分地”,用于修饰谓语动词或介词短语。
如: ➢ She uses her car mostly for driving to work.
她开车主要用于上班。
➢ He works mostly in London Office.
他主要在伦敦办事处工作。
(2) cure动词,意为“治愈”,指用药物治愈某人的病。其宾语可以是人,也可以是某类疾病,固定结构cure sb.of意为“治愈某人....”
如: ➢ He says he can cure me but I still doubt him.
他说他能治好我的病,但我还是不相信他。
➢ The only way to cure backache is to rest.
背痛的唯一办法是休息。
7. However. many people don't have money for medical treatment.
然而,许多人没有钱接受医学。
(1)解析medical,形容词,意为“医学的,医疗的”,常用短语: medical treatment 医疗; medical research医学研究; medical records病历。
如: ➢ Teachers have a medical examination every year.
教师每年进行一次医学检查。
拓展medical的名词形式为medicine,意为“医学;药”,为不可数名词。
如: ➢ Take the medicine twice a day.
这药一天服用两次。
(2)解析treatment,名词,意为“”,其动词形式为treat,意为“”。固定结构get/ receive treatment意为“接受”。
如: ➢ They are trying a new treatment for cancer.
他们正在尝试一种新的癌症的方法。
➢ Which doctors are treating her for her illness?
哪几位医生在为她疾病?
辨析cure与treat
cure
多用于疾病方面,强调的结果后面接人或疾病,表示“治愈”
treat
强调的动作,不强调的结果,后面接人、疾病或伤病处
一言辨异The doctor says he'll try his best to treat the patient, but he is not sure whether he can cure her or not.
医生说他将尽他最大的努力那位病人,但他不确定是否能治愈她。
8. Many of our patients can't afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.
我们的很多病人没钱去医院,所以我们得去他们那儿。
(1) include of 用法解析:afford,动词,意为“买得起:能做”,常接在can. could, be able to之后,多用于否定句和疑问句中,后接名词、动词不定式或双宾语。常用结构afford to do sth.意为"有足够的钱做某事”。
如: ➢ Can you afford a new car?
你能买得起一辆新的小汽车吗?
➢ We can't afford to buy a new house
我们买不起新房子。
(2) 解析:go to hospital意为“去看病”,相当于go to a doctor.
如: ➢ He was sick and had to go to hospital
他病了,不得不去看病。
拓展go to the hospital意为“去医院(工作或看望病人等)”。
如: ➢ I'm going to the hospital.
我正要去医院。
9. During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on.
在我上次的探访中,(我)给150位病人做了手术。
解析:patient,可数名词,意为“病人”。
如:➢ The nurses take good care of the patients.
护士把病人照顾得很好。
10. I'm proud to help people see again and improve their lives.
我很自豪能帮助人们重见光明并改善他们的生活。
解析proud,形容词,意为“自豪的,骄傲的”。
proud的常见用法:
be proud of为....自豪/骄傲    be proud to do sth.做某事自豪/骄傲
be proud (that) ...自豪/骄傲.....
如:➢ We are proud of being Chinese.
我们为(自己)是中国人而感到骄傲。
➢ I'm proud to be a League member.
我为成为一名共青团员而感到自豪。
➢ He is proud that he is a scientist.
他很自豪他是一名科学家。
拓展: proud的名词为pride,意为“骄傲:自豪”,固定结构take pride in意为“为....而骄傲.因...而自豪”,相当于be proud of。

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