注意：“n.”表示“名词”，“v.”表示“动词”，“adj.”表示“形容词”
“adv.”表示“副词”，“prep.”表示“介词”
Ⅱ重点短语
1.turn off 关掉
2. 把...加入....
3. a bit 有点；一点
4. part of ...的一部分
5.Pocket money 零花钱
6. (be) made up of= consist of 由...组成
7. dry up 干涸
8. waste water 浪费水9. be on 开着的be off 关着的10. pour into 倒入，倾入pour down 倾泻
11. turn on= switch on 打开turn off = switch off 关掉12.be angry with sb. 对某人生气
13.Look around 环顾四周14. come out of=get out of 从...出来15. two thirds 三分之二
16.take a shower 淋浴17. have a bath 盆浴 搬到，带到
19. clean up sth. = make sth. clean 净化20.not ...until 直到...才21. go back to = return to 回到22.in the first place = in the beginning = at first 开始，首先23.through the world 全世界24. leave the tap on 让水龙头一直开25. fall down 摔倒26. run into=flow into 流进27. talk to sb 对某人说话talk with sb 与某人交谈28. be covered with 用...覆盖
Ⅲ重点句型
1.Dora looked around, but there was no one there. 朵拉环顾四周，但是没有一个人在那里。
2.Then it was time for people to clean me. 然后，人们把我净化了。
include of 用法
3.Having a bath uses abou t twice as much water as taking a shower. 洗澡大约要用淋浴两倍的水。
4.Remember not to waste or pollute water. 记得不要浪费或者污染水。
5.Water covers about two thirds of the Earth.= About two thirds of the Earth is covered by water.
地球上大约有三分之二被水覆盖。
6.One of the best way s to see the city is on a gondola—a traditional boat. 最好的欣赏这座城市的方式之一就是坐gondola，一种传统的船。
7. It is not easy to find groundwater that is clean and safe to drink. 到干净、安全能喝的地下水是很不容易的。
Ⅳ详细讲解
【词汇解析】
1.drop
①drop n. 滴= very small quantity of liquid usually round.
< Where are these drops of water from? 这些水滴是哪来的？
②drop v. 落下；跌倒= fall
< He dropped off from his bike. 他从自行车上跌下来。
【固定搭配】a drop of water 一滴水
drop off 减弱；减少；掉落；睡着drop in 顺便走访(某人)
2.journey
【用法】journey: 指陆路，海路，空路的旅行，但一般用于有预定地点的较长的距离的陆上旅行.
例如:I am going on a long car journey.(我打算自己开车长途旅行.)
【小试牛刀】练习：用journey、trip、tour、travel填空
①How did you enjoy your ________ in Europe?
②I go to work by train, and the ______ takes half an hour.
③He made a five-month _______ of India and the Far East.
④He took us on a _____ of his new house.
⑤She had been away on a long _______ .
⑥I don’t believe we’ll be able to afford any _____ .
⑦Will you please bring back some sugar on your next _____ to the kitchen?
3. quantity 数量
【用法】I only bought a small quantity of cheese.
【拓展】  a quantity of +可数名词的复数、不可数名词
大量的，许多
an amount of+不可数名词
< She spent a very large amount of money yesterday. 她昨天花了好大一笔钱。
< A large quantity of blouses were on sale. 大量罩衫有售。
【注意】quantity = number 数量quality 质量
【拓展】对比：experience 经验不可数名词
experience 经历可数名词
< They have to do experiments to find out if the drug is safe for humans.
5.fresh
①adj. 新鲜的；新的= new; unused
< The foods include fruits and vegetables. 这些食物包括新鲜的水果和蔬菜。
②adj. 淡的；无盐的= unsalty
< There were no fresh car tracks or footprints in the snow. 雪地里没有留下新的车辙或脚印。
6.salt n. 盐
【拓展】salt v. 加盐于...以调味；用盐腌
三单形式：salts 过去式：salted 现在分词：salting
< The soup tastes flat. You’d better salt it with a little salt. 汤有点淡，最好再加点盐。
salty adj. 含盐的；咸的
< They drank sweet water after the salty sea one. 在不小心灌了点咸海水后，他们喝了些甜水。
7. on adv (表示已连接、处于工作状态或使用中) 【反义词】off
< All the lights were on.
【拓展】
9. add 增加；添加
【固定搭配】把...加入...    e.g.Then add a little sugar to the mixture. 然后加一点糖到混合物里。
add up to 增加到...    e.g. Add 2 and 3. You get 5. 2加3，你可以得到5个。
【拓展】add up 把...加起来add up to 合计为...
11. be made up of 由…组成
< Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。
【区别】
①The machines were made __________ the workers .
②This kind of watch is made _________ Shanghai.
③The team is made__________ 30 students and a teacher .
④This kite is made __________ paper .
⑤Salt is made __________sea water .
⑤This kind of glass is made __________ paper .
⑥The old bridge is made__________ stone .
【拓展】remember not to do sth. 记得别做某事
13.  a bit 有点；一点
< The coin was a bit dirty. 这枚硬币有点脏。

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