MBA英语考试历年翻译真题
2007
Powering the great ongoing changes of our time is the rise of human creativity as the defining feature of economic life. Creativity has come to be valued, because new technologies, new industries and new wealth flow from it. And
as a result, our lives and society have begun to echo with creative ideas. It is our commitment to creativity in its varied dimensions that forms the underlying spirit
of our age.
Creativity is essential to the way we live and work today, and in many senses
always has been. The big advances in standard of living –-not to mention the big
better competitive advantages in the marketplace--always have come from‖　
not strictly true. One
One might argue that‘s
recipes, not just more cooking.‖　
might point out, for instance, that during the long period from the early days on
the Industrial Revolution to modern times, much of the growth in productivity and
material wealth in the industrial nations came not just from creative inventions
like the steam engine, but from the wid espread application of ―cooking i n
like massive division of labor, concentration of assets, quantity‖ business methods
vertical integration and economies of scale. But those methods themselves were
creative developments.
2008
The term ”business model”first came into widespread use with the invention of personal computer and
the spreadsheet(空白表格程序).Before the spreadsheet, business planning usually meant producing a single forecast. At best,
you did    a little sensitivity analysis around the projection. The spreadsheet ushered in a much more analytic approach to planning because every major line
item could be pulled apart, its components and subcomponents analyzed and tested. You could ask what- if questions about the critical assumptions on which.
your business depended-for example, what if customers are more price-sensitive
than we thought?-and with a few keystrokes, you could see how any change would
play out on every aspect of the whole. In other words, you could model the behavior of    a business. Before the computer changed the nature of business planning, most successful business models were created more by accident than by elaborate design. By enabling companies to tie their marketplace insights much
more tightly to the resulting economics, spread sheet made it possible to model
business before they were launched.
2009
With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.
Bankers’excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis
and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest
rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble
in the economy.
Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to
pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial
institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load
on more risky mortgage-based assets.
Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible
practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which
is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets.
But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied
and thus encourage bankers to take
to short-term profits and revenue‘s,
irresponsible risks.
2010
In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your
translation on ANSWER SHEET2
“Sustainability”has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning,
the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of
unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented
values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.
Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance.
He’d been though the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed
on with a Boulder agency.
It didn’t go well. “It was a really had move because that’s not my
passion,”says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a
lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the
middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job.
Ever yone said, ?Just wait, you‘ll t
ur n the corner, give it some time.‘‖
2011
Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the
same volume of greenhouse gases as the worl d‘s airlines do --- roughly 2 percent
of all CO2 emissions? Many everyday tasks take    a surprising toll on the
environment.    A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2,
depending on how many attempts are needed to get the ―right‖ answe results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres around
the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of
CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well
air-conditioned, which uses even more energy. However, Google and other big tech
providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is
the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much more to be done, and
not just by big companies.
2012
When people in developing countries worry about migration,they are usually
concerned at the prospect of ther best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley
or to hospitals and universities in the developed world ,These are the kind of
workers that countries like Britian ,Canada and Australia try to attract by using
immigration rules that privilege college graduates 。
Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing
countries are particularly likely to emigrate .A big survey of Indian households in
2004 found that nearly 40%of emigrants had more than    a high-school
education,compared with around 3.3%of all Indians over the age of 25.This "brain
drain "has long bothered policymakers in poor countries ,They fear that it hurts
their economies ,depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have
taught at their universities ,worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new
products for their factories to make 。
2013
I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was,
what happened in the news and even the day of the week, I’ve been able to do
this, since I was 4.
I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs.
My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly.
When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does try to put it to one side.
I don't think it's harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful
memory doesn't make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day
my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day
before. I also remember that the musical Hair opened on Broadway on the same
day, they both just pop into my mind in the same way.
2014
Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with    a glass
that‘s perpetually half full. But that‘s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that
recommend. ―Healthy optimism means being in
positive psychologists wo uldn‘t
touch with reality,‖　
says Tal Ben-Shahar,    a Harvard professor. According to
Ben-Shalar, realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that
happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best. Ben-Shalar
uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down—say, after giving a bad
lecture —he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not
every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next
is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future
about what works and what doesn‘t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn
2015
Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to
work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and
turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it‘s easy to loseexpressed翻译
concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The
consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually
has.
This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time
it takes to travel a familiar route.
The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel
down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems
to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’
t remember the journey well because we didn‘t pay much attention to it. So we
assume it was shorter.
2016
The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as
possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the
store, the more stuff you’ll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you’ll buy.
And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to
the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 4400 different items, and many
carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to
send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan
experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much
for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be
rationally selective, and instead begin shopping emotionally –which is the point
at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never
intended buying.
2007作为经济生活所表明的特征，人类社会创造力的提升为我们这个时代正在发生的
巨大的变化提供了巨大的动力。由于许多新的技术，新兴的工业以及新的财富都源自于创造
力，所以，它的价值业已凸现出来。因此，各种创新的观念开始在我们的生活和社会中传播
开来。正是人们在各个领域对创造力的认同才形成了我们这个时代精神的基础。
创造力对我们当今的生活和工作方式至关重要，而且在许多方面始终如此。生活水平的大幅度提高总是来源于更好的食谱，而不只是烹饪更多的食品，更不用说在市场条件下那些
大的竞争优势了。然而，有人则会认这并不完全正确。比如说，有人也许会指出从早期的工
业化时代到现代这么长的时期里，一些工业国家的生产力的大幅度提高和物资财富的大量增
长并不仅仅是来自于象蒸气机这样的创造性的发明；而且还得益于“大量烹饪”商业模式的广泛使用。如大规模的劳动力的分工，资产的集中，纵向联合以及规模经济等，但是所有这
些模式本身就是创造性的发展。
2008随着个人计算机和空白表格程序的发明,”商业模型”这个属于首次得到了大规模
的使用，空白表格程序被发明前, 商业计划通常以为着产生一个单一的预测, 充其量，你也只能在此单一预测的基础上再做一些敏感性分析. 空白表格程序开启了一种更具分析性的
规划方法, 其原因是空白表格程序中的每一行中的项目都可以被拆分, 其中的每一个部分及
字部分都可以被分析和测试. 你可以对你的商业外所以来的关键设想提出”的问题, 例如, “如果顾客对价格的敏感度超过了我们的预期怎么办”, 只需敲击几下键盘，你就可以看到
某个变化对全局的各个方面回产生怎么样的影响，换句话说，你可以对商业的行为建立模型. 在计算机改变了商业规划的本质之前, 绝大部分成功的商业规划与其说是策划出来的, 不如说是运气使然. 空白表格程序将公司的时常洞察力与相应的经济结果更为紧密的联系起来，从而使公司在商业运营开始前建立商业模型变为可能.
2009由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡，一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的
补偿金计划就受到密切关注.
银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因，在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下，一般是由低息引起并造成持续的错觉，其实是一种债务泡沫经济.
抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人，就把贷款瓜分了，并沿这样的链条出售
给下一个金融机构，这些做法都在利用高科技证券业，结果，却增加了抵押资产的风险.
金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的，最不负责任的做法，以期扭转下一个危机，而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产.但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题，因为那是眼前利益，但却让银行家们不负责任的甘冒风险.
2010“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TedNing而言，这个概念一直有个人含义，
经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活，使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观，必须贯彻到每天的行动和选择中。
Ning回忆起20世纪90年代末期卖保险的那段迷茫时光，他通过蓬勃兴起的网络疯狂
地工作，并且与Boulder代理机构签了约。
事情进展并不顺利，TedNing说到：“那真是个糟糕的选择，因为我对此没有激情，”可以预料，他把工作中的矛盾能解释为没有业务。Ning说：“我很痛苦渴望午夜起来盯着天花板，我没钱，我需要工作，每个人都说‘等吧，只要有耐心会好转的。’”

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