Translating Skills Practice
同位语的翻译[Appositive]
可以充当同位语的有名词、代词、介词短语、不定式等。同位语通常放在有关成分（本位语）之后，并对其内容做进一步的解释说明。同位语一般用逗号与本位语隔开（但有时也可不隔开）。下面举例说明有关同位语的各种表达方式及其翻译方式：
  1 名词或代词、形容词、数词等作同位语，一般与本位语译在一起：
You may leave it to us two.
你可以把这件事情交给我们两个。
    This is Mr. Zhou , director of our hospital.
    这是我们医院院长周先生。
She seemed different from them all.
她似乎和他们所有人都不同。
This theory was advanced by Li Siguang ,a famous Chinese geologist.
这一理论是由中国的著名地质学家李四光提出的。
  2 有些同位语结构复杂一些，如由引导词引导，翻译时一般译在本位语之后，且要用标点符号之后，且要用标点符号（逗号、冒号或破折号）隔开。
Then arose the question where we were to get the machines needed.
这时就产生了一个问题：我们到哪儿去需要的机器。
They visited eight cities ,for example , London and Paris.
他们访问了八座城市，例如伦敦和巴黎。
  3 在某些涵义需要进一步说明的名词（如idea , fact , news , hope , belief , thought , doubt 等）后可用that从句作同位语，称为同位语从句。翻译时多译成该名词的定语。
I had no idea that you were here.
我不知道你也在这儿。
Obviously there was little probability that they would succeed , but they didn’t mind.
很显然他们成功的可能性很小，但是他们不在意。
Translate the following sentences , paying attention to the appositive clauses.
1 We expressed the hope that they would come and visit China again.
2 The story goes that William Tell did kill the tyrant with that arrow.
3 There is no probability that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.
4 She went to the meeting on the supposition that people would not assail her with questions.
5 I’ve  come from Mr.lin with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
6 The middle-aged man is a newly elected team leader , able , open , and sincere.expressed翻译
7 His only interest in life , playing football , has brought him many friends.
8 Their staff of 360,mostly former housewives, help the residents with their laundry and mending.
Practical Writing
Letter of Apology
  Missing an appointment or a meeting or a deadline or doing something wrong can slow down a business relationship or even damage your business reputation and credibility. Sending a letter of apology is one of the first steps in repairing any damage that has been done. In your business letter of apology, accept responsibility if you are at fault and attempt to reschedule or do some readjustments. If you or your company made a mistake, write a letter of apology to show your honesty and credibility and maintain a good relationship with your customers.
The following patterns can be used in your writing.
Apology
1 We very much regret/We are extremely sorry that you are not satisfied with our consignment/your consignment has been damaged in transit/you are having trouble with…
2 We are quite unable to account for this unfortunate mistake/the damage to the goods.
3 We offer our sincere apologies for the most unfortunate error in the execution of your order.
4 We are extremely sorry for the inconvenience caused to you.
Explanation
1 Some mistakes must have been made in the assembly/packing/dispatch of your order.
2 The consignment must have met with very care
                Translating Skills Practice
      名词性从句的翻译[Noun Clauses]
在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句（Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，因此名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1 名词性that-从句的翻译
  That 只起连接主句和从句的作用，本身没有词意，翻译时只译出从句的意义即可。例如：
That he is still alive is sheer luck.
他还活着全靠运气。
John said that he was leaving for London

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