一．阅读理解 垃圾分类
二．阅读理解 上海首先开始垃圾分类，北京也跟上队伍了
三．阅读理解 塑料回收大突破，科学家发现可以“吃”塑料的酶
四．书面表达 建设美丽家园
一、阅读理解
If you live in Shanghai, you might have taken a “lesson” in sorting (分类) garbage, as the city introduced new garbage-sorting regulations (规章) on July 1, 2019.
    As China’s first city to carry out strict regulations on garbage sorting and recycling, Shanghai requires its residents (居民) to sort garbage into four categories (类别), namely rec
yclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. If people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.
    Since the regulation took effect, the amount of total daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced by an average of 15,500 tons, dropping 26 percent from the end of 2018, while the average daily weight of recyclables hits 4,500 tons, five times higher than the end of 2018, according to the Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau.
    The city also rebuilt 21,000 waste-sorting stations and more than 40,000 waste bins have been updated (更新). The city’s waste collection and transportation system (运输系统) is complete, according to the bureau.
  “Proper waste sorting protects the environment and saves natural resources,” said Deng Jianping, director of the bureau. “Led by the central government, Shanghai is making efforts to develop long-term solutions to garbage management.”
    However, there have also been some problems. Some people complained that it is diffic
ult to deal with wet garbage, as they are asked to remove wet garbage from its bag when dumping (倾倒). According to the sorting rules, the wet garbage must go in the wet waste bin and the bag must go in the dry waste bin.
  This separation is necessary, as it ensures that the wet garbage will decompose (分解) properly and become useful organic (有机的) waste, the bureau said.
  Plastic bags can affect this process. Some people in Shanghai are instead using paper bags that can biodegrade（生物降解）or plastic containers that can be washed and reused, according to Xinhua.
 1. People in Shanghai are asked to sort their garbage into the _____ categories.
A. recyclable, dry, harmful and kitchen waste
B. recyclable, kitchen, dry and “other” waste
C. harmful, recyclable, dry and “other” waste
D. harmful, recyclable, dry and wet waste
2. What does the third paragraph tell us?
A. The garbage-sorting regulation has already brought improvements.
B. Recyclable waste comes out to two-thirds of the total daily waste.
C. In 2019, people produced less waste than in 2018.
D. Shanghai needs stricter rules to deal with waste.
3. According to Deng Jianping, Shanghai _____.
A. has added more than 40,000 waste bins
B. has had problems with garbage management
sorting out
C. will help other cities make garbage-sorting regulations
D. is still looking for long-term solutions to deal with garbage
4. What does “this process” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. The process of sorting garbage.
B. The process of dumping wet waste.
C. The process of decomposing wet waste.
D. The separation of wet waste and dry waste.
5.This article tell us_______.
  A. why Shanghai must sort their garbage.     
B. how Shanghai sorts their garbage
  C. the reason of the garbage-sorting regulation and some achievement.
  D．how to protect our environment
四．阅读理解 
When Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy in July last year, the city’s residents (居民) took some time to get used to it. They joked that every time they took out their garbage, the staff (工作人员) standing by the bins would ask, “What kind of garbage are you?”
Starting on May 1, Beijing joined many Chinese cities by introducing a new garbage-sorting policy, People’s Daily reported. Residents should sort their garbage into four groups: kitchen, recyclable, hazardous (有害的) and other waste.
These groups are represented (代表) by four different colors of trash bins – green, blue, red and gray. Those who fail to sort their trash correctly may face fines of up to 200 yuan, Xinhua reported.
The way Beijing sorts its trash sounds different from cities like Shanghai and Qingdao. These cities use four different groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. Although their names are different, the groups are actually the same. Wet garbage in Shanghai is, in fact, kitchen garage. And dry garbage is the same as other waste, China Youth Daily reported.
There are other environmentally-friendly changes coming to Beijing too. Restaurants will no longer be allowed to provide disposable tableware (一次性餐具) like wooden chopsticks. Hotels and restaurants will not be allowed to provide disposable products such as toothbrushes.

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