2017年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and
mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a
resounding"yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and_____（2）to people you care
about,it turns out that hugs can bring a_____（3）of health benefits to your body and
mind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you_____（4）getting sick this
winter.
In a recent study_____（5）over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie
Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support
and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing the
common cold after being_____（7）to the virus.People who perceived greater social
support were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold,and the researchers_____（9）
that the stress-reducing effects of hugging_____（10）about 32 percent of that
beneficial effect._____（11）among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater
（12）.
social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____
（13）risk for colds "Hugging protects people who are under stress from the_____
that's usually_____（14）with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology
at Carnegie,Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and help_____（15）the feeling that
others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."
Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to
the release of oxytocin,often called"the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn
babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it
relicis released into the bloodstream.But some of it_____（19）in the brain,where it_____
（20）mood,behavior and physiology.
1.A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite
2.A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior
3.A．view B．Host C．lesson D．choice
4.A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep
5.A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving
6.A．on B．in C．at D．of
7.A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed
8.A．along B．across C．down D．out
9.A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated
10.A．served B．Restored C．explained D．required
11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even
12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errors D．tests
13.A．Highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized
14.A．Presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared
15.A．assess B．Generate C．moderate D．record
16.A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of
17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return
18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until
19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases
20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influences
SectionⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing
A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）
Text 1
First two hours,now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are
recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight,at least at some major
U.S.airports with increasingly massive security lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for
increased safety.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why.But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.And it should:Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives,not to mention infuriating.
Last year,the Transportation Security Administration(TSA)found in a secret
—both fake and real check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons
—past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then,combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices,have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become —but the lines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line.Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid
checked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire:Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA.Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved.TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.
It has not gotten anywhere close to that,and one big reason is sticker
shock:Passengers must pay$85 every five years to process their background checks.Since the beginning,this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.
The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes
while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.It is long past time to make the program work.
21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to
[A]explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.
[B]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.
[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S.airports.
[D]emphasize the importance of privacy protection.
22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?
[A]New restrictions on carry-on bags.
[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA.
[C]An increase in the number of travellers.
[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.
23.The word“expedited”(Liner 4,Para.5)is closet in meaning to
[A]quieter.
[B]cheaper.
[C]wider.
[D]faster.
24.One problem with the PreCheck program is
[A]a dramatic reduction of its scale.
[B]its wrongly-directed implementation.
[C]the government’s reluctance to back it.
[D]an unreasonable price for enrollment.
25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
[A]Less Screening for More Safety
[B]PreCheck–a Belated Solution
[C]Getting Stuck in Security Lines
[D]Underused PreCheck Lanes
Text 2
“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii's last reigning monarch,in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members
of Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests
have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT),a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.
At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiian
s as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.
Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.
Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands'inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.
Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea
or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.
The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。