Module 3 Heroes
【重点详解】
1. including prep. 包含;包括
【考点分析---易错点】
辨析:including和included
including 意为“包括”,必须放在它说明的名词或代词前。
included 意为“包括”,但必须放在它说明的名词或代词之后。
Everybody laughed, including me.=Everybody laughed, me included. 每个人都笑了,包括我。
【例题】Many cities in China, ________ Beijing, have been deeply affected by dirty air. 【A】
A. including B. behind C. without D. beyond
2. whatever pron. 无论什么
eg:Don't trust him, whatever he says.无论他说什么,都别信。
【考点】whatever 可作连接代词,意为“无论什么”,引导宾语从句、主语从句。
例:They eat whatever they can find. 他们能到什么就吃什么。
【重点】whatever 也可作关系形容词,意为“无论什么样的”。此时whatever必须同被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句。
eg:I can do whatever work I can find. 我可以做我能到的任何工作。
【难点】引导状语从句时whatever=no matter what
【例题】These flowers are so special that I would do ________ I can do to save them. 【A】
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
3. give up
基本用法:
give up意为“放弃(努力)”,是动副短语,如果是join on是什么连接代词作宾语,必须放在中间。
E.g: He wanted them to give up the plan. 他想让他们放弃这个计划。
give up doing sth. 意为“放弃做某事”。
【例题】You should ________ smoking. It's really bad for your health. (江苏淮安) 【B】
A. look up B. give up C. get up D. set up
4. attend
(1)attend 作动词,意为“出席;参加;上(学)”等。宾语通常是meeting, party等具有“活动”意义的名词
attend a meeting 参加会议 attend school 上学 attend university 上大学
(2)attend 还可以表示“(医生、护士等)照顾;护理”。
attend to sth. 意为“致力于某事;专心于某事”
E.g: The nurse attends the patient. 护士照顾病人。
If you don’t attend to your work, you won’t succeed. 如果你不专心工作,就不会成功。
【知识拓展】辨析:attend/join/join in/take part in
这些动词或词组均含“参加,加入”之意。
(1)attend: 侧重参加或出席会议或学术活动等。
E.g: During summer vacations some teachers attend seminars at college.
暑假里,一些教师在学院里参加研究班。
(2)join: 普通用词,指加入党派、团体或游戏活动等。
E.g: His brother joined the army two years ago. 两年前他哥哥参军。
(3)join in:参加(某些活动)
E.g: May I join in your discussion? 我可以参加你们的讨论吗?
Many people join in the game every year. 每年许多人参加这个游戏活动。
(4)take part in: 侧重参加某项众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动,突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。
E.g: A lot of college students took part in the movement last year.
去年很多大学生参加了那个运动。
5. amazing /ə'meɪzɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的
amazing 形容词,意为“令人惊奇的”。是由amaze变化而来的形容词,用于说明事物或人。
Eg: She had an amazing talent for dancing. 她在跳舞方面有惊人的天赋。
【拓展】amazed 形容词,意为“(感到)惊讶的”,也是由amaze 变化而来的形容词,主语通常是人。
eg:I was amazed at the news. 我对这个消息感到很惊讶。
【例题】It's ________ (amaze) that she is able to solve the problem so quickly. 【amazing】
6. as well as
【考点分析】
①as well as 如果放在句首,意思是“除了……之外,还……”,相当于besides, 其后习惯上要接动名词。
E.g: As well as walking, he likes fishing and shooting. 除散步之外,他还喜欢钓鱼和打猎。
②as well as“既…又…;除…之外(也)”,常用于肯定句中,连接前后两个成分,强调前者。
E.g: He can speak French as well as English. 他既会讲英语,又会讲法语。
③as well as和not only ...的区别
词组 | 用法 |
as well as | 连接名词或代词作主语时,强调前面的部分,谓语动词要根据前面的部分而定 |
连接名词或代词作主语时,强调后面的部分,谓语动词要根据后面的部分而定,即“就近一致”原则 | |
【例题】Your brother as well as you (be) very kind to me. 你和你哥哥都对我很好。
Not only your brother but also you (be) very kind to me.你哥哥和你都对我很好。【is; are】
7. realise v. 了解;意识到;实现;明白;变现。
(过去式:realised; 过去分词:realised; 现在分词:realising; 第三人称单数:realises)
E.g: He didn’t realise how late it was. 他并没有意识到已经有多晚了。
You were acting like you didn’t realise that. 看起来好象你没意识到那点。
【知识拓展】
realization n. 实现;领悟;实得。
E.g: The idea of law is the realization of justice. 法律理念乃是正义的实现。
8. invention n. 发明;发明物
【考点分析】
①魔法记忆↓
一语辨异:Edison is a great inventor, and he invented many important inventions in his life.
爱迪生是个伟大的发明家,他一生中有许多重要的发明。
②辨析discover和invent
一语辨异:Gilbert discovered electricity and Edison invented the electric light bulb.
吉尔伯特发现了电,爱迪生发明了电灯泡。
【例题】Paper making is one of the greatest ____________(invent) of ancient China. 【inventions】
9. At that time, there were few doctors, so he had to work very hard on his own.
当时,医生很少,所以他不得不很辛苦地独自工作。
(1) at that time意为“那时候”,at the time也可以表示相同的意思;at a time 意为“一次;每次;一度”。
E.g: At the time, he had a hard life. 那时他过着艰苦的生活。
You can just buy one ticket at a time. 你一次仅能买一张票。
(2) on one’s own 意为“独立地;独自地”,相当于all by oneself.
E.g: He started a company on his own. 他独自创办了一个公司。
【考点】辨析of one's own与on one's own
of one's own | 意为“(某人)自己的”,一般用作定语。 |
on one's own | 意为“独自”,一般用作状语,相当于by oneself。 |
10. useful adj. 有用的,有益的
【考点分析】
①useful 的第一个字母为元音字母u,但其发音为/juː/,即第一个音素为辅音音素,故其前的不定冠词用a。 a useful book 一本有用的书
②拓展:useful是由use(用途,用法)加后缀ful派生而来的,意为“有用的”。
类似的单词还有:
care(n. 小心)→careful(adj.小心的,仔细的) help(n. 帮助)→helpful(adj. 有帮助的)
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