Module 3  Heroes
【重点详解】
1. including  prep. 包含;包括
【考点分析---易错点】
辨析:includingincluded
including 意为包括,必须放在它说明的名词或代词前。
included 意为包括,但必须放在它说明的名词或代词之后。
Everybody laughed, including me.Everybody laughed, me included.  每个人都笑了,包括我。
【例题】Many cities in China, ________ Beijing, have been deeply affected by dirty air. A
A. including                B. behind            C. without            D. beyond
2. whatever  pron. 无论什么
egDon't trust him, whatever he says.无论他说什么,都别信。
【考点】whatever 可作连接代词,意为无论什么,引导宾语从句、主语从句。
例:They eat whatever they can find. 他们能到什么就吃什么。
【重点】whatever 也可作关系形容词,意为无论什么样的。此时whatever必须同被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句。
egI can do whatever work I can find. 我可以做我能到的任何工作。
【难点】引导状语从句时whateverno matter what
【例题】These flowers are so special that I would do ________ I can do to save them. A
A. whatever           B. that            C. which              D. whichever
3. give up 
基本用法:
give up意为放弃(努力),是动副短语,如果是join on是什么连接代词作宾语,必须放在中间
E.g: He wanted them to give up the plan. 他想让他们放弃这个计划。
give up doing sth. 意为放弃做某事
【例题】You should ________ smoking. It's really bad for your health. (江苏淮安) B
A. look up    B. give up        C. get up     D. set up
4. attend 
1attend 作动词,意为出席;参加;上(学)等。宾语通常是meeting, party等具有活动意义的名词
attend a meeting 参加会议        attend school 上学            attend university 上大学
2attend 还可以表示(医生、护士等)照顾;护理
attend to sth. 意为致力于某事;专心于某事
E.g: The nurse attends the patient. 护士照顾病人。
      If you don’t attend to your work, you won’t succeed. 如果你不专心工作,就不会成功。
【知识拓展】辨析:attend/join/join in/take part in
这些动词或词组均含参加,加入之意。
1attend: 侧重参加或出席会议或学术活动等。
E.g: During summer vacations some teachers attend seminars at college.
暑假里,一些教师在学院里参加研究班。
2join: 普通用词,指加入党派、团体或游戏活动等。
E.g: His brother joined the army two years ago.      两年前他哥哥参军。
3join in参加(某些活动)
E.g: May I join in your discussion? 我可以参加你们的讨论吗?
      Many people join in the game every year.  每年许多人参加这个游戏活动。
4take part in: 侧重参加某项众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动,突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。
E.g: A lot of college students took part in the movement last year.       
去年很多大学生参加了那个运动。
5. amazing /ə'meɪzɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的
amazing 形容词,意为令人惊奇的。是由amaze变化而来的形容词,用于说明事物或人。
Eg: She had an amazing talent for dancing. 她在跳舞方面有惊人的天赋。
【拓展】amazed 形容词,意为“(感到)惊讶的,也是由amaze 变化而来的形容词,主语通常是人。
egI was amazed at the news. 我对这个消息感到很惊讶。
【例题】It's ________ (amaze) that she is able to solve the problem so quickly. amazing
6. as well as 
【考点分析】
①as well as 如果放在句首,意思是除了……之外,还……,相当于besides, 其后习惯上要接动名词。
E.g: As well as walking, he likes fishing and shooting.  除散步之外,他还喜欢钓鱼和打猎。
②as well as“;除之外(),常用于肯定句中,连接前后两个成分,强调前者。
E.g: He can speak French as well as English.  他既会讲英语,又会讲法语。
③as well asnot only ...的区别
词组
用法
as well as
连接名词或代词作主语时,强调前面的部分,谓语动词要根据前面的部分而定
连接名词或代词作主语时,强调后面的部分,谓语动词要根据后面的部分而定,即就近一致原则
【例题】Your brother as well as you      (be) very kind to me. 你和你哥哥都对我很好。
Not only your brother but also you      (be) very kind to me.你哥哥和你都对我很好。【is; are
7. realise  v. 了解;意识到;实现;明白;变现。
(过去式:realised; 过去分词:realised; 现在分词:realising; 第三人称单数:realises
E.g: He didn’t realise how late it was.                他并没有意识到已经有多晚了。
      You were acting like you didn’t realise that.    看起来好象你没意识到那点。
【知识拓展】
realization  n. 实现;领悟;实得。
E.g: The idea of law is the realization of justice.        法律理念乃是正义的实现。
8. invention  n. 发明;发明物
【考点分析】
魔法记忆
一语辨异:Edison is a great inventor, and he invented many important inventions in his life. 
爱迪生是个伟大的发明家,他一生中有许多重要的发明。
辨析discoverinvent
一语辨异:Gilbert discovered electricity and Edison invented the electric light bulb.
吉尔伯特发现了电,爱迪生发明了电灯泡。
         
【例题】Paper making is one of the greatest ____________(invent) of ancient China. inventions
9. At that time, there were few doctors, so he had to work very hard on his own.
  当时,医生很少,所以他不得不很辛苦地独自工作。
(1) at that time意为那时候at the time也可以表示相同的意思;at a time 意为一次;每次;一度
E.g: At the time, he had a hard life. 那时他过着艰苦的生活。
      You can just buy one ticket at a time. 你一次仅能买一张票。
(2) on one’s own  意为独立地;独自地,相当于all by oneself.
E.g: He started a company on his own.            他独自创办了一个公司。
【考点】辨析of one's ownon one's own
of one's own
意为“(某人)自己的,一般用作定语。
on one's own
意为独自,一般用作状语,相当于by oneself
10. useful  adj. 有用的,有益的
【考点分析】
①useful 的第一个字母为元音字母u,但其发音为/juː/,即第一个音素为辅音音素,故其前的不定冠词用a      a useful book 一本有用的书
拓展:useful是由use(用途,用法)加后缀ful派生而来的,意为有用的
类似的单词还有:
caren. 小心)→carefuladj.小心的,仔细的)  helpn. 帮助)→helpfuladj. 有帮助的)

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