⼀、前⾔
  有些对外营业的公司在⼤厅中都有⼀个触摸屏，以供客户查询公司的信息，可是通常查询程序都很⼤，⽽且很复杂，这样在连续长时间使⽤后难免会出现错误以致程序中途退出，这时就要⼯作⼈员来重新启动那个程序，⽽且有时候很忙不⼀定能有专⼈守在这个地⽅。其实可以⽤⼀个程序来专门处理这种情况的。我们局电信营业前台的多媒体查询系统也常常会出现这样的问题，下⾯是本⼈开发出来的监控程序处理思路。
  ⼆、实现思路及关键技术
  要防⽌程序中途退出，就需要另外的⼀个程序专门对要监控的进程进⾏时刻不停的监控，检测到被监控的进程退出了就重新启动它。但是有时候可能是操作系统出了问题，不能简单地重复启动要监控的进程，在重启了⼀定的次数后被监控进程仍然退出，那就需要重新启动操作系统了，以便使操作系统中的环境参数等重新初始化，然后再运⾏监控进程并启动被监控的进程。
  监控进程的存在不能影响被监控的进程，监控进程启动的时候要进⾏判断，看当前状况下被监控的进程有没有起来，如果起来了就获取其进程句柄并进⾏监控，如果没有起来则使之起来并监控。这⾥判断⼀个被监控的进程有没有起来不能简单地通过查窗⼝标题来实现，因为窗⼝标题在程序内部可能是根据运⾏的时刻和条件动态地改变的，⽽且别的进程也可以和可能去改变被监控进程的窗⼝标题。程序中使⽤了Cr
eateToolhelp32SnapShot（）这个API函数遍历系统进程池⾥的所有进程全路径等信息来查的，⼀个进程运⾏起来之后，它的路径是不可能被改变的，⽆论它⾃⼰还是别的进程。
  为了实现程序的⾼效率，这⾥监控进程不是⽤Timer控件轮寻来检测，⽽是⽤API函数WaitForSingleObject ()，同时传⼊等待时间为⽆限长（-1），但是这⾥有个问题，就是程序在等待的同时被冻结，这样⽤户在这个时候就⽆法对该监控程序进⾏设置操作了，为了避免这种情况，这⾥使⽤了多线程技术，在VB中使⽤多线程⼀直是不安全的，在线程代码中必须不能出任何错误。
  要使监控进程能⾃动启动操作系统，必须要在系统启动的登陆对话框出现的时候该进程也能运⾏起来，这可以通过把该进程放⼊注册表项HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESoftWareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionRunSevices⾥来实现。在进程运⾏起来之后就需要检测登陆对话框，如果到就发送回车（这⾥没设登陆密码，如果有密码，可以修改程序中发送的按键来实现登陆）。但是这⾥也有可能是登陆的时候系统设置的不是“络⽤户”⽅式或有⽤户在屏幕上按了“确定”对话框，程序不能这这⾥⼀直等待⼀个不可能的事件，所以要在这个地⽅加以判断，如果等了1分钟没有到登陆对话框，程序就继续下⾯的操作。
  三、代码⽰例
  模块中：
  Public Type PROCESSENTRY32’记录进程信息的结构
  dwSize As Long
  cntUsage As Long
  th32ProcessID As Long
  th32DefaultHeapID As Long
  th32ModuleID As Long
  cntTreads As Long
  th32ParentProcessID As Long
  pcPriClassBase As Long
  dwFlags As Long
  szExeFile As String * 260’这就是包含全路径的进程⽂件名
  End Type
  Public Declare Function Process32First Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hSnapshot As Long, lppe As PROCESSENTRY32) As Long’⽤来遍历进程池的函数，这是查的起始函数
  Public Declare Function Process32Next Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hSnapshot As Long, lppe As PROCESSENTRY32) As Long’遍历进程池的向下递归函数
  Public Type STARTUPINFO’记录进程启动信息的结构
  cb As Long
  lpReserved As String
  lpDesktop As String
  lpTitle As String
  dwX As Long
  dwY As Long
  dwXSize As Long
  dwYSize As Long
  dwXCountChars As Long
  dwYCountChars As Long
  dwFillAttribute As Long
  dwFlags As Long
  wShowWindow As Integer
  cbReserved2 As Integer
  lpReserved2 As Byte
  hStdInput As Long
  hStdOutput As Long
  hStdError As Long
  End Type
  Public Type PROCESS_INFORMATION’ 记录进程启动后相关信息的结构
  hProcess As Long’进程句柄
  hThread As Long’线程句柄
  dwProcessId As Long’进程ID
  dwThreadId As Long’线程ID
  End TypePublic Declare Function GetCurrentProcess Lib "kernel32" () As Long’获取当前进程句柄
  Public Declare Function GetCurrentProcessId Lib "kernel32" () As Long；获取当前进程ID
  Public Const TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS = As LongH2
  Public Declare Function WaitForSingleObject Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hHandle As Long, ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function ExitWindowsEx Lib "user32" (ByVal uFlags As Long, ByVal dwReserved As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function RegisterServiceProcess Lib "kernel32" (ByVal dwProcessId As Long, ByVal dwType As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function GetModuleFileName Lib "kernel32" Alias "GetModuleFileNameA" (ByVal hModule As Long, ByVal lpFileName As String, ByVal nSize As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function RegSetValueEx Lib "advapi32.dll" Alias "RegSetValueExA" (ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal lpValueName As String, ByVal Reserved As Long, ByVal dwType As Long, ByVal lpData As String, ByVal cbData As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function RegCloseKey Lib "advapi32.dll" (ByVal hKey As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function RegOpenKey Lib "advapi32.dll" Alias "RegOpenKeyA" (ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal lpSubKey As String, phkResult As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function GetWindow Lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal wCmd As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function GetWindowText Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindowTextA" (ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal lpString As String, ByVal cch As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function GetWindowTextLength Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindowTextLengthA" (ByVal hwnd As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function CreateProcess Lib "kernel32" Alias "CreateProcessA" (ByVal lpApplicationName As String, ByVal lpCommandLine As String, ByVal lpProcessAttributes As Long, ByVal lpThreadAttributes As Long, ByVal bInheritHandles As Long, ByVal dwCreationFlags As Long, lpEnvironment As Any, ByVal lpCurrentDriectory As String, lpStartupInfo As STARTUPINFO, lpProcessInformation As PROCESS_INFORMATION) As Long
  Public Declare Function GetSystemMenu Lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal bRevert As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function RemoveMenu Lib "user32" (ByVal hMenu As Long, ByVal nPosition As Long, ByVal wFlags As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function DrawMenuBar Lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function GetMenuItemCount Lib "user32" (ByVal hMenu As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function ResumeThread Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hThread As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function SuspendThread Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hThread As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function CreateThread Lib "kernel32" (ByVal lpThreadAttributes As Long, ByVal dwStackSize As Long, ByVal lpStartAddress As Long, ByVal lpParameter As Long, ByVal dwCreationFlags As Long, lpThreadId As Long) As Long  　Public Declare Function TerminateProcess Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hProcess As Long, ByVal uExitCode As Long) As Long
  Public Declare Function TerminateThread Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hThread As Long, ByVal dwExitCode As Long) As Long
  Public Const PROCESS_TERMINATE =&H1
  Public Const PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION =&H400
  Public Const EWX_FORCE = 4
  Public Const EWX_REBOOT = 2
  Public Const GW_CHILD = 5
  Public Const GW_HWNDFIRST = 0
  Public Const GW_HWNDNEXT = 2
  Public Const GW_MAX = 5
  Public Const GW_OWNER = 4
  Public Const HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE =&H80000002
  Public Const REG_SZ = 1
  Public Const RSP_SIMPLE_SERVICE = 1
  Public Const RSP_UNREGISTER_SERVICE = 0
  Public Const CREATE_SUSPENDED = &H4
  Public Const MF_BYPOSITION = &H400
  Public Const BM_CLICK = &HF5
  Public pe As PROCESSENTRY32, hSnapshot As Long
  Public StartNum As Long, AppName As String, Section As String, sKey As String, appValue As String, sKeyFile As
String, sKeyNum As String
  Public NumTerminate As Long, hThread As Long, ThreadID As Long, sFileName As String
  Public Function StartMonitor(lParam As Long) As Long’线程函数
  WaitForTheProcess GetProcessHandle(sFileName), sFileName’开始监控
  StartMonitor = 1
  End Function
  Public Function SendEnter As Long()’搜寻系统登陆对话框，到就发送回车键
  Dim Currwnd As Long, Length As Long, ListItem As String
  Currwnd = GetWindow(Form1.hwnd, GW_HWNDFIRST)’这⾥⽤窗⼝标题查的原因是系统重启时基本上不会加载多少进程，这样窗⼝的标题通常是不会被改变的。
  While Currwnd <> 0
  Length = GetWindowTextLength(Currwnd)’获取窗⼝标题字符串的长度。
  If Length <> 0 Then
  ListItem As String = Space As String(Length)
  Length = GetWindowText(Currwnd, ListItem As String, Length + 2)’获取窗⼝标题
  If InStr(ListItem, "输⼊络密码") <> 0 Then
  EnumChildWindows Currwnd, AddressOf GetOkButton, 0
  SendEnter = 1
  Exit Function
  End If
  End If
  Currwnd = GetWindow(Currwnd, GW_HWNDNEXT)
  Wend
  SendEnter = 0
  End Function
  Public Sub WaitForTheProcess(ByVal hProcess As Long, ByVal sPath As String)’开始监控进程
  Dim Pro_Info As PROCESS_INFORMATION, StartInfo As STARTUPINFO
  StartInfo.cb = Len(StartInfo)
  If hProcess > 0 Then’如果已经运⾏了被监控进程则开始监控
  Dim WaitResult As Long
  WaitResult = WaitForSingleObject(hProcess, (-1))
  CloseHandle hProcess
  If StartNum >= NumTerminate Then’如果重启次数超过设置的次数就重新启动系统
  SaveSetting AppName, Section, sKey, "1"
  ExitWindowsEx EWX_REBOOT Or EWX_FORCE, 0’强制退出，这样可以顺利退出
  Exit Sub
  End If
  StartNum = StartNum + 1
  Form1.Label6 = StartNum
  End If
  CreateProcess vbNullString, sPath, 0, 0, True, 32, ByVal 0 As Long, vbNullString, StartInfo, Pro_Info’ 否则⽤被监控进程的全路径⽂件名来创建被监控进程
  WaitForTheProcess Pro_Info.hProcess, sPath
  End Sub
  Public Function GetProcessHandle As Long(ByVal sPath As String)’获取被监控进程的进程句柄
  sPath = LCase(sPath)
  hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0)’创建⼀个snapshot对象
  pe.dwSize = Len(pe)
  bValue = Process32First(hSnapshot, pe)’开始遍历系统进程池
  While bValue <> 0
  If InStr(LCase(pe.szExeFile), sPath) <> 0 Then’如果到了，则…
  Dim hProcess As Long
  hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, 0, pe.th32ProcessID)
  GetProcessHandle = hProcess
  CloseHandle hSnapshot
  Exit Function
  End If
  bValue = Process32Next(hSnapshot, pe)
  Wend
  CloseHandle hSnapshot
  GetProcessHandle = 0’否则返回0
  End Function  Public Function GetOkButton(ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal lParam As Long) As Long’获取“输⼊络密码
框”窗⼝中“确定”按钮的句柄
  Dim Length&, ListItem$
  Length = GetWindowTextLength(hwnd)
  If Length <> 0 Then
  ListItem$ = Space$(Length)
  Length = GetWindowText(hwnd, ListItem$, Length + 2)
  If InStr(ListItem, "确定") <> 0 Then
  SendMessage hwnd, BM_CLICK, 0, 0’激活窗⼝
  SendMessage hwnd, BM_CLICK, 0, 0’发送Click消息
  GetOkButton = 0’退出EnumChildWindows()函数的枚举循环
  Exit Function
  End If
  End If
  GetOkButton = 1’继续EnumChildWindows()函数的枚举循环
  End Function
  窗⼝中有⼏个Label控件：
  Label2⽤来提⽰当前被监控的进程的，Label4和Label6⽤来记录次数的。窗⼝中还有⼀个菜单，⽤来向⽤户提供设置⽅法的。因为允许操作⼈员设置，不能隐藏窗⼝，所以这⾥隐藏了菜单，在窗⼝上⽤⿏标点右键才能看见，⽽触摸屏上顾客是⽆法点右键的，这样设置就安全了，具体的菜单项见下⾯程序：
  Private Sub Form_Load()
  RegisterServiceProcess GetCurrentProcessId, RSP_SIMPLE_SERVICE’注册进程为系统服务进程，这样进程只在系统关机的最后⼀刻才从系统中卸掉。
  Dim FN As String, hReg As Long, tRegKey As String, tSubKey As String, phkResult As Long, lpSubKey As String, EnterResult As Long
  Dim TimePassed1 As Long, TimePassed2 As Long
  FN = Space(255)
  GetModuleFileName App.hInstance, FN, 255’获取当前进程的全路径⽂件名
  FN = Trim(FN)
  lpSubKey = "Sysexplor"
  tSubKey = "SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionRunServices"
  RegOpenKey HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, tSubKey, phkResult’打开注册表项
  RegSetValueEx phkResult, lpSubKey, 0, REG_SZ, FN, Len(FN)’写当前进程的全路径到上⾯所说的注册表项中，以便下次系统重启说能和系统登陆对话框⼀同运⾏
  RegCloseKey phkResult’关闭注册表项
  AppName = "TiMonitor"
  Section = "Reboot"
  sKeyFile = "FileName"
  sFileName = GetSetting(AppName, Section, sKeyFile, "")’读取注册表中记录的被监控进程的全路径名
  aa:If Len(Dir(sFileName, vbDirectory)) < 4 Then
  sFileName = ""’如果读取不到或系统不存在相应的⽂件，则取⼀个默认值。或者给⼀个提⽰：
  'sFileName = InputBox("不到程序，请输⼊包含全路径的程序名：", "输⼊", "")
  'Goto aa
  End If
  Label2 = sFileName
  sKey = "Once"
  appValue = GetSetting(AppName, Section, sKey, "0")’判断该进程起的时候是系统重新启动时还是在运⾏过程中启动
  If appValue = "1" Then
  DeleteSetting AppName, Section, sKey’如果是，删除系统重启标志
  TimePassed1 = GetTickCount
  Do
  DoEvents
  EnterResult = SendEnter()
  TimePassed2 = GetTickCount
  If TimePassed2 - TimePassed1 > 60000 Then Exit Do’超时1分钟就退出该循环
  Loop Until EnterResult <> 0
  End If
  sKeyNum = "TerminateNumbers"
  appValue = GetSetting(AppName, Section, sKeyNum, "4")’读取注册表中被监控进程重启次数的设置信息
  NumTerminate = Val(appValue)
  StartNum = 0
  Label4 = NumTerminate
  Label6 = 0
  Dim hMenu As Long, lParam As Long, MenuCount As Long, i As Long
  hMenu = GetSystemMenu(hwnd, 0)’为了不能让顾客关闭监控进程，这⾥屏蔽了相关的系统菜单
  MenuCount = GetMenuItemCount(hMenu)
  For i = 0 To MenuCount - 1
  RemoveMenu hMenu, i, MF_BYPOSITION
  Next
  DrawMenuBar hwnd
  hThread = CreateThread(0, 2000, AddressOf StartMonitor, lParam, 0, ThreadID)’创建⼀个监控线程
  End Sub
  Private Sub Form_MouseDown(Button As Integer, Shift As Integer, X As Single, Y As Single)
  If Button = 2 Then PopupMenu munSet’弹出设置菜单
  End Sub
  Private Sub munClose_Click()
  TerminateProcess GetCurrentProcess, 1’关闭⾃⼰，因为系统菜单的关闭被屏蔽了，只能在程序中⾃⼰提供⽅法来关闭，⼜因为是多线程的，不能仅仅⽤Unload Me 来关闭，那只是关闭了⼀个线程，⽽监控线程没有被关闭，这⾥直接把当前进程给关闭了，这样可同时关闭进程中所有运⾏的线程。
  End Sub
  Private Sub munPause_Click()’这是⼀个有Check标记的菜单，考试,⼤提⽰⽤来Pause和Resume线程的
  If munPause.Checked Then
  munResume.Checked = True
  ResumeThread hThread
  Else
  munResume.Checked = False
  SuspendThread hThread
  End If
  munPause.Checked = Not munPause.Checked
  End Sub
  Private Sub munResume_Click()
  If munResume.Checked Then
  munPause.Checked = True
  SuspendThread hThread
  Else
  munPause.Checked = False
  ResumeThread hThread
  End If
  munResume.Checked = Not munResume.Checked
  End Sub
waitforsingleobject函数
  Private Sub munSetFile_Click()’设置要监控进程的全路径名
  Dim rFileName As String
  rFileName = InputBox("请输⼊要监控进程的全路径名：", "输⼊", sFileName)
  If Len(Trim(rFileName)) < 4 Then Exit Sub’ 输⼊明显不对，就不作任何保存直接退出该过程
  If Len(Dir(rFileName, vbArchive)) > 4 Then
  sFileName = rFileName
  SaveSetting AppName, Section, sKeyFile, sFileName’保存正确设置
  Label2 = sFileName
  Dim bPaused As Long
  If MsgBox("重新开始监控进程吗？", vbYesNo) = vbYes Then’询问是否⽴刻转到监控新的进程
  TerminateThread hThread, 1
  CloseHandle hThread
  StartNum = 0
  Label6 = "0"
  bPaused = IIf(munPause.Checked, CREATE_SUSPENDED, 0)
  hThread = CreateThread(0, 2000, AddressOf StartMonitor, 0, bPaused, ThreadID)’如果窗⼝菜单上这时设置了Pause，则这时也创建⼀个Suspend线程，以便和菜单保持⼀致。
  End If
  End If
  End Sub
  Private Sub munSetTimes_Click()
  Dim NumT As String
  NumT = InputBox("请输⼊要重启进程的次数：", "输⼊", NumTerminate)’设置被监控进程重启的次数
  If Trim(NumT) = "" Then Exit Sub’如果操作⼈员选择“取消”或输⼊空格，则本次修改⽆效
  NumTerminate = Val(Trim(NumT))

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