Market Watch Malaysia 2011
Electronics Industry
General information about Malaysia
Malaysia is centrally located within the ASEAN and consists of the Malaysian Peninsula and the States of Sabah and Sarawak on the island of Borneo. The former British colony gained its independence in 1957 and is a Parliamentary democracy with constitutional monarch since. Malaysia has a tropical climate and is with a total area of 330.000 km2slightly smaller than Germany. Due to its bio-diverse range of flora and fauna, Malaysia is one of the 17 megadiverse countries. Malaysia is a multi-ethnic, multicultural and multilingual society with 28.31 million inhabitants. Malays make up the majority of the population at 50.4% followed by Chinese 23.7%, Indian 7.1% and other local Malays 11%. The Malaysian constitution guarantees freedom of religion, although Islam is the largest and official religion. Approximately 60.4% of the population practiced Islam,19.2% Buddhism, 9.1% Christianity, 6.3% Hinduism, and 2.6% practice Confucianism and other traditional Chinese religions. The official language of Malaysia is known as Bahasa Malaysia but English as well as Chinese are the business la
nguages.
Economical Overview
Malaysia is a dynamic country constantly on the move. From a country dependent on agriculture and primary commodities decades ago, Malaysia has now become an export-driven economy spurred on by high technology, knowledge-based and capital-intensive industries. Malaysia is one of the 20 largest trading nations worldwide and is ranked 30th out of 125 countries by the “Global Enabling Trade Report 2010”, published by the World Economic Forum as well as the 21th largest exporter among the trading nations worldwide. The country is strategically located in the heart of South East Asia and offers a cost-competitive location for investors intending to set up offshore operations for the manufacture of advanced technological products for both regional and international markets. In addition, the Malaysian economy is supported by a market-oriented economy
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Malaysian-German Chamber of Commerce, Market Watch 2011 – The Electronics Industry
and pro-business government policies. The new Economic Transformation Programme
(ETP) by the PEMANDU, the Performance Management & Delivery Unit of the Government
from Malaysia, has been presented to the public. The ETP is anchored on 12 National Key
Economic Areas (NKEAs), which are drivers of economic activities that have the potential
to materially contribute to the growth of Malaysia. ETP is developed under the patronage
of the Prime Minister, the objective also known as “Vision 2020” to transform Malaysia
into a “high income country” until the year 2020 is to be achieved. Therefore, it is
planned to increase the Gross National Income (GNI) per capita to US$ 15,000.00 or RM
48,000.00. To reach this, an annual growth of the GNI of 6 % is necessary. Within the
programme, it is planned to reach a growth of the service sector from 58 to 65 % and to
create 3.3 million new jobs.
Economical Key facts Malaysia1
Currency:  1 Ringgit (RM) = 100 Sen
Exchange rates:  1 EURO = 4.2 RM; 1 US$ = 3.1 RM  (14.12.2010)
GDP (billion RM):2007: 639.8; 2008; 738.7; 2009: 674.4
GDP - real growth rate:  2009: -1.7%; 2010: 4.5 - 5.5%                                                    Inflation rate :  2-2.4 % (2010)
Exports:  $157.2 billion (2009)                                                            Exports - commodities:  electronic 36.5% , petroleum and products
8.3%,Chemical products 6.6%, natural gas 6.4%,
fats & oils 6.4%, electrical engineering 4.6%,
machinery 3.5%
Exports - partners 2009:Singapore 14.0%, China 12.2%, US 11.0%, Japan
9.8%, Thailand 5.4%, Hong Kong 5.2%,
Germany: 2.7%                                                                    Imports: $119.3 billion
Imports - commodities:  electronics 29.4%, chemical products 9.1%,
machinery 8.9%, electrical engineering: 7.2%,
petroleum and products 7.0%, food and living
animals: 6.2%, iron and steel 3.6%, raw
materials: 3.4%
1Source: Germany Trade & Invest
Malaysian-German Chamber of Commerce, Market Watch 2011 – The Electronics Industry
Imports - partners:  China 14.0%, Japan 12.5%, USA 11.2%,
Singapore 11.0%, Thailand 6.1%, Germany:
4.2%
Unemployment rate:  3.7%    (2009)
Average wage 2008:Middle management: 6.805RM, senior clerk:
2.650RM, skilled worker: 1.845RM,
consultant: 1.450RM, unskilled workers: 910RM                          Population below poverty line:    5.1%
Introduction to the Electric & Electronic Industry
The Electric & Electronic (E&E) Industry is Malaysia’s leading and most liberalized
industry. Over the last three decades, Malaysia has developed to a major global
manufacturing base for the electronics industry. The E&E industry in Malaysia started in
the early 1970s as a result of the Government’s initiatives to promote labour-intensive and
export-oriented industries. With the establishment of the first semiconductor plant in
Penang in 1972, the electronics industry has developed rapidly to become the largest
industry within the manufacturing sector and contributes significantly to the country’s
exports and employment. In this context, total employment opportunities created by the
industry amount to 296,870 people. Based on the Malaysian Industry Development
Authority’s (MIDA) records, from a total of just four companies with 577 employees and a
total output value of RM25 million in 1970, today the E&E industry has expanded to more
than 1,695 companies with total investment of RM108 billion and a workforce of more than
600,000 people. International Trade and Industry Minister Datuk Seri Mustapa Mohamed
said upon realization of the already signed memoranda following the 10th Malaysian plan,
the partnerships had the potential of generating RM1.9bil in investments over the next five
years and creating 6,500 new jobs by 2020.
Performance of the Electric & Electronic Industry
“A market-oriented economy combined with a young, educated workforce, an excellent infrastructure, and    a government committed to maintaining    a business-friendly
environment, has been Malaysia's formula for success in attracting investments into the
Malaysian-German Chamber of Commerce, Market Watch 2011 – The Electronics Industry
country's electronics sector. Malaysia is now home to MNCs from the USA, Japan, Europe, Taiwan and Korea, manufacturing products ranging from semiconductor devices to consumer and industrial electronics.” says the Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (MIDA).
The electronics industry is the strongest sector in Malaysia's manufacturing sector with remarkable effect on the country's manufacturing output (29.3 per cent), exports (55.9 per cent) and employment (28.8 per cent). In 2008, the gross output of the industry totaled RM167.2 billion (US$53.9 billion), exports amounted to RM233.8 billion (US$75.4 billion) and the industry created employment opportunit
ies for 296,870 people. Over the years, Malaysia's electronics industry has developed significant capabilities and skills for the manufacture of a wide range of semiconductor devices, high-end consumer electronic and information and communication technology (ICT) products. Electronics manufacturers in the country have continued to move-up the value chain to produce higher value-added products. These include intensification of research and development efforts and outsource non-core activities domestically.
Siemens, Bosch and Infineon are just some of the well-known companies, who have moved their production to Malaysia. Based on a statement by The German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers’ Association (ZVEI), Asia will stay the growth region of the future, with China leading the pack. Smaller nations like Malaysia will get their fair share of this development if they continue to offer economic and political stability.
Malaysia has developed the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC), which brings together a legislative framework, a high capacity of global telecommunications and a logistics framework, and eco-friendly surroundings to create the ideal environment for the growth of multimedia industries.
The industry has moved up the value chain into the manufacture of high-end products and has moved
away from labour-intensive to more capital-intensive operations. The capital investment per employee (CIPE) ratio showed a growth from RM79,149 per employee in 1995 to RM333,830 per employee in 2000 and RM578,469 per employee in 2007.
Malaysian-German Chamber of Commerce, Market Watch 2011 – The Electronics Industry
The presence of many large multinational corporations (MNCs) has created a very sizeable local market for the components and supporting industry. The presence of leading electronic manufacturing services (EMS) companies such as Flectronics, Solectron, Celestica, Jabil, Plexus and Sanmina-SCI provides opportunities for local companies to be part of their supply chain in the supply of equipment, materials, parts and components, and dedicated services such as contract design, burn-in testing, failure analysis and rapid prototyping. Other local supporting industries focus on activities such as moulds, tools and dies, metal stamping, surface treatment, plastic injection moulding and M&E (Mechanical & Electrical). Nowadays, there are more than 50 companies operating as contract manufacturing services (CMS) or EMS companies. Major sub-sectors of the E&E industry include
•Electronic components
•Industrial electronics
•Consumer electronics
•Electrical products
Electronic Components
Products and activities which fall under this sub-sector range from semiconductor devices (which include fabricated wafers, ICs and IC design) to passive components (such as capacitors, resistors, connectors, inductors, crystal quartz and oscillators); printed circuits and other components (such as storage media, substrates and connectors, disk drive parts, PCBs and metal and plastic parts/components for E&E applications). Electronics components is the most important sub-sector and accounted for 58.7 per cent of the total investment approved in the electronics sector in 2008. Majority of the investments were from foreign sources. The sub-sector is dominated by the semiconductor players, mainly undertaking packaging, assembly and test.
In fact, semiconductor devices make up the largest share of the electronic components sub-sector and have attracted leading semiconductor companies in microprocessors, microchips, power ICs, linear ICs, opto-electronics devices and other logic and discrete devices. These companies include MNCs such as Intel, AMD, Freescale Semiconductor, Avago, Infineon, Qimonda, Toshiba, STMicroelectronics, Texas Instruments, STATS ChipPAC, Spansion, National Semiconductor, Fairchild, Renesas and NEC, and Malaysian-

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