java 多线程使用方法
    English answer.
    Multithreading in Java.
    In Java  multithreading is a powerful tool that can be used to improve the performance of applications by running multiple tasks concurrently. Each thread runs independently and can execute its own set of instructions.
    Creating Threads.
    There are two main ways to create threads in Java:
        Extending the `Thread` class: This approach involves creating a subclass of the `Thread` class and overriding the `run()` method. The `run()` method defines the code that will be executed by the thread.
java多线程入门        Implementing the `Runnable` interface: This approach involves creating a class that imp
lements the `Runnable` interface. The `run()` method of the `Runnable` interface defines the code that will be executed by the thread.
    Once a thread has been created, it can be started by calling the `start()` method. The `start()` method causes the thread to begin executing its `run()` method.
    Thread Scheduling.
    The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is responsible for scheduling threads. The JVM uses a priority-based scheduling algorithm to determine which threads will run. Threads with a higher priority are more likely to be scheduled to run than threads with a lower priority.
    Thread Synchronization.
    When multiple threads are running concurrently, it is important to synchronize access to shared resources. Without synchronization, threads can overwrite each other's data, leading to errors.
    There are several ways to synchronize access to shared resources in Java:
        Using synchronized methods: A synchronized method can only be executed by one thread at a time. This ensures that the data in the method is not accessed by multiple threads simultaneously.
        Using synchronized blocks: A synchronized block can be used to protect any block of code from being executed by multiple threads simultaneously.
        Using locks: Locks can be used to explicitly control access to shared resources. A thread can acquire a lock on a resource before accessing it. Once the thread has acquired the lock, no other thread can access the resource until the lock is released.
        Using semaphores: Semaphores can be used to limit the number of threads that can access a shared resource at the same time.
        Using atomic variables: Atomic variables are variables that can be accessed and updated by multiple threads without the need for synchronization.
    Thread Communication.
    Threads can communicate with each other using several mechanisms:
        Using shared memory: Threads can share data by accessing the same variables. However, it is important to synchronize access to shared memory to avoid data corruption.

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