升级ruby的版本
升级ruby版本，有时候安装ruby的版本过低，需要进⾏升级，例如安装在centos6.7安装fpm需要ruby版本在1.9以上。
1、主机环境如下：
1 [root@test ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
2 CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
3 [root@test ~]# uname -r
42.6.32-573.el6.x86_64
2、使⽤yum安装ruby
1 [root@web ~]# yum install rubygems ruby-devel
2 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
3 Setting up Install Process
4base                                                                                                  | 3.7 kB    00:00
5base/primary_db                                                                                        | 4.7 MB    00:02
6 extras                                                                                                | 3.4 kB    00:00
7 extras/primary_db                                                                                      |  30 kB    00:00
8 updates                                                                                                | 3.4 kB    00:00
9 updates/primary_db                                                                                    | 8.1 MB    00:01
10 Resolving Dependencies
11 --> Running transaction check
12 ---> Package ruby-devel.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed
13 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-5.el6 for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64
14 --> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64
15 ---> arch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 will be installed
16 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.arch
17 --> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/ruby for package: rubygems-1.3.arch
18 --> Running transaction check
19 ---> Package ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed
20 ---> Package ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed
21 ---> Package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed
22 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-5.el6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64
23 --> Running transaction check
24 ---> Package ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed
25 --> Finished Dependency Resolution
26
27 Dependencies Resolved
28
29 ==============================================================================================================================
30  Package                        Arch                      Version                            Repository                Size
31 ==============================================================================================================================
32 Installing:
33  ruby-devel                    x86_64                    1.8.7.374-5.el6                    base318 k
34  rubygems                      noarch                    1.3.7-5.el6                        base207 k
35 Installing for dependencies:
36  ruby                          x86_64                    1.8.7.374-5.el6                    base538 k
37  ruby-irb                      x86_64                    1.8.7.374-5.el6                    base318 k
38  ruby-libs                      x86_64                    1.8.7.374-5.el6                    base  1.7 M
39  ruby-rdoc                      x86_64                    1.8.7.374-5.el6                    base381 k
40
41 Transaction Summary
42 ==============================================================================================================================
43 Install      6 Package(s)
44
45 Total download size: 3.4 M
46 Installed size: 12 M
47 Is this ok [y/N]: y
48 Downloading Packages:
49 (1/6): ruby-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                | 538 kB    00:00
50 (2/6): ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                          | 318 kB    00:00
51 (3/6): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                            | 318 kB    00:00
52 (4/6): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                            | 1.7 MB    00:01
53 (5/6): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                            | 381 kB    00:00
54 (6/6): rubygems-1.3.arch.rpm                                                                | 207 kB    00:00
55 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
56 Total                                                                                        502 kB/s | 3.4 MB    00:06
57 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
58 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
59 Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE:
60  Userid : CentOS-6 Key (CentOS 6 Official Signing Key) <>
61  Package: s.12.3.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201508042137.x86_64/6.7)
62  From  : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
63 Is this ok [y/N]: y
64 Running rpm_check_debug
65 Running Transaction Test
66 Transaction Test Succeeded
67 Running Transaction
68  Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                          1/6
69  Installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                                2/6
70  Installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                            3/6
71  Installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                          4/6
72  Installing : rubygems-1.3.arch                                                                                5/6
73  Installing : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                          6/6
74  Verifying  : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                          1/6
75  Verifying  : ruby-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                                2/6
76  Verifying  : rubygems-1.3.arch                                                                                3/6
77  Verifying  : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                          4/6
78  Verifying  : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                            5/6
rubyinstaller安装79  Verifying  : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64                                                                          6/6
80
81 Installed:
82  ruby-devel.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6                              arch 0:1.3.7-5.el6
83
84 Dependency Installed:
85  ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6            ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6        ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6
86  ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6
87
88 Complete!
3、查看ruby的版本
1 [root@web ~]# ruby -v
2 ruby 1.8.7 (2013-06-27 patchlevel 374) [x86_64-linux]
4、升级ruby1.9.3版本
1）删除原来的rubygems仓库
[root@web ~]# gem sources --remove /
2）添加aliyun的rubygems仓库
[root@web ~]# gem sources -a mirrors.aliyun/rubygems/
3）查看rubygems仓库
1 [root@web ~]# gem sources -l
2 *** CURRENT SOURCES ***
3
4 mirrors.aliyun/rubygems/
4）使⽤RVM进⾏升级ruby
1 [root@web ~]#  gpg --keyserver hkp://upg --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
2 gpg: requesting key D39DC0E
3 from hkp upg
3 gpg: requesting key 39499BDB from hkp upg
4 gpg: key D39DC0E3: "Michal Papis (RVM signing) <mpapis@gmail>" not changed
5 gpg: key 39499BDB: public key "Piotr Kuczynski <piotr.kuczynski@gmail>" imported
6 gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found
7 gpg: Total number processed: 2
8 gpg:              imported: 1  (RSA: 1)
9 gpg:              unchanged: 1
b：接着执⾏如下命令：
1 [root@web ~]# \curl -sSL get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
2 Downloading github/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.
3 curl: (35) SSL connect error
4
5 Could not download 'github/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.'.
6  curl returned status '35'.
7
8 Downloading /mpapis/rvm/get/1.29.
9 Downloading /mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.asc
10 curl: (7) couldn't connect to host
11
12 Could not download '/mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.asc'.
13  curl returned status '7'.
14
15 Creating group 'rvm'
16
17 Installing RVM to /usr/local/rvm/
18 Installation of RVM in /usr/local/rvm/ is almost complete:
19
20  * First you need to add all users that will be using rvm to 'rvm' group,
21    and logout - login again, anyone using rvm will be operating with `umask u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx`.
22
23  * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`
24in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.
c：执⾏上述命令 * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`
[root@web ~]# source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh
5、查看RVM可安装的ruby的版本
1 [root@web ~]# rvm list known
2 # MRI Rubies
3 [ruby-]1.8.6[-p420]
4 [ruby-]1.8.7[-head] # security released on head
5 [ruby-]1.9.1[-p431]
6 [ruby-]1.9.2[-p330]
7 [ruby-]1.9.3[-p551]
8 [ruby-]2.0.0[-p648]
9 [ruby-]2.1[.10]
10 [ruby-]2.2[.7]
11 [ruby-]2.3[.4]
12 [ruby-]2.4[.1]
13 ruby-head
14
15 # for forks use: rvm install ruby-head-<name> --url github/github/ruby.git --branch 2.2
16
17 # JRuby
18 jruby-1.6[.8]
19 jruby-1.7[.27]
20 jruby[-9.1.13.0]
21 jruby-head
22
23 # Rubinius
24 rbx-1[.4.3]
25 rbx-2.3[.0]
26 rbx-2.4[.1]
27 rbx-2[.5.8]
28 rbx-3[.84]
29 rbx-head
30
31 # Opal
32 opal
33
34 # Minimalistic ruby implementation - ISO 30170:2012
35 mruby-1.0.0
36 mruby-1.1.0
37 mruby-1.2.0
38 mruby-1[.3.0]
39 mruby[-head]
40
41 # Ruby Enterprise Edition
42 ree-1.8.6
43 ree[-1.8.7][-2012.02]
44
45 # Topaz
46 topaz
47
48 # MagLev
49 maglev[-head]
50 maglev-1.0.0
51
52 # Mac OS X Snow Leopard Or Newer
53 macruby-0.10
54 macruby-0.11
55 macruby[-0.12]
56 macruby-nightly
57 macruby-head
58
59 # IronRuby
60 ironruby[-1.1.3]
61 ironruby-head
6、安装ruby-1.9.3版本
1 [root@web ~]# rvm install 1.9.3
2 Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
3 Found remote file rvm_io.global.ssl.fastly/binaries/centos/6/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p551.tar.bz2
4 Checking requirements for centos.
5 Installing requirements for centos.
6 Installing required packages: libffi-devel, readline-devel, sqlite-devel, zlib-devel, libyaml-devel,
7 Requirements installation successful.
8 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #configure
9 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #download
10  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed  Time    Time    Time  Current
11                                  Dload  Upload  Total  Spent    Left  Speed
1210010.2M10010.2M00  188k      00:00:550:00:55 --:--:--  223k
13 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #validate archive
14 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #extract
15 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #validate binary
16 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #setup
17 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@global
18 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #importing gemset /usr/local/rvm/s...................................
19 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #generating
20 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551
21 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #importing gemsetfile /usr/local/rvm/s evaluated to empty gem list
22 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #generating
7、查看ruby是否升级成功
1 [root@web ~]# ruby -v
2 ruby 1.9.3p551 (2014-11-1
3 revision 48407) [x86_64-linux]⾄此，ruby版本升级成功

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