必修4词汇要点精讲
必修4词汇要点精讲
1.      suppose vt.
1)猜想，料想
结构：suppose+(that)从句；suppose+宾语+补语（不定式、形容词或介词短语）。如：
They supposed (that) he was dead.=They supposes him (to be )dead.他们猜想他是死了。
2）假定
Let us suppose a second flood.让我们假设再有一次洪水。
Let’s suppose what you said is true.让我们假定你说的是真的。
3)假使  同if，用祈使语气或现在分词。如：
Suppose it rains, what’s to be done?假如下雨，怎么办？
Suppose (that) she doesn’t come,we will still go.要是她不来，我们还是要去。
【词汇拓展】
be supposed to do sth.;be expected or required to do sth.被期望或被要求做某事
You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday.你最晚在周五清算这笔帐。
do you suppose 作插入成分在句中与特殊疑问词连用时，句子用陈述语序。如：
Who do you suppose will take the place of our teacher?你认为谁将代替我们的老师？
【高考考点】
We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose_____to her?
A.was happening      B.to happen    C.has happened    D.having happened
答案选C  do you suppose 作插入成分，句子中缺少谓语动词，时态要用完成时，并且句子要用陈述语序。
2.      charge  1）通常作及物动词, “收(费)；索(价)”，
此时,charge后接宾语（被收费的对象）和钱数；如果接购买的商品或其它原因，用for连接。如：
I’ll charge you five dollars. 我收你五美元。
How much do you charge for a haircut？理发需要多少钱？
2）把……归咎于(to, on, upon)；告发；在控告(with)
Bob was charged with the murder, but he refused to admit it.
鲍勃被告发谋杀，但是他拒绝承认。
2）charge n.费用；主管
The charge for a front- row seat is 5dollars.前排座位票价每张五美元。
She took charge of the family business when her father died.
父亲死后由她主管家中事务。
【词汇拓展】
与有charge关的短语和词组：
in charge（主管）；in charge of（负责某事）；in the charge of（由……管）；take charge of（负责管理）；free of charge（免费的）。如：
The doctor in charge told us to be calm. 主管医生叫我们镇静。
Who is in charge of the school instead of Mr Black?不是布莱克先生又是谁负责这学校。
The factory has been in the charge of the new boss for five months.
工厂在新老板主管下已经有五个月了。
Can you take charge of this class please, Miss Li?李老师，你能负责这个班吗？
【高考考点】
They have ____us 150,000dollars for the house. Shall we take it?
A.provided    B.shown      C.charged    D.supplied
答案是C  charge后接宾语（被收费的对象）和钱数表示向某人要价多少。
3. various adj. 不同的；各种各样的；好几个，很多
At the meeting, the people present expressed their various opinions.
在会上，与会者提出了不同的意见。
The students were late for various reasons. 学生因为各种各样的理由而迟到。
Various people said they had seen the accident.许多人说他们目睹了这次事故。
【词汇拓展】
various是由动词vary（变化）派生而来的形容词，它的副词形式是variously。variety是名词，意为“有变化”，用a variety of表示“各种各样的；多种多样的”，后接复数名词，可与vario
us互用。如：
These new parks have a variety of things to see and do.
那些新公园里有许多好看的和好玩的。
【高考考点】
In the botanical garden we can find a(n) ____of plants that rang from tall trees to small flowers.
A.species        B.group          C.amount          D.variety
答案选D  a variety of表示“各种各样的；多种多样的”，后接复数名词.
4.involve vt. 牵涉；牵连
The second accident involved two cars and a lorry.
第二次事故牵扯了两辆轿车和一辆大卡车。
【词汇拓展】
involve in 意为“使牵连进去；使陷入”，有时可表示“聚精会神干某事”。
involve with意为“和……混在一起；和……有密切关系”
be/become/get involved in sth. with sb. 
与某人在······方面有关联
The Mrs Blacks have been involved in trouble.
布莱克女士一家陷入了麻烦中。
Our physics teacher got involved with a difficult problem.
我们的物理老师和一个难题纠缠在一起。
I prefer teaching methods that actively involve students in learning.
我喜欢学生们都积极参与学习的教学方法。
【高考考点】
The young man ______in studing paid no attention to the outside world.
A.involved    B.involving      C.to be involved      D.being involved
答案是A  be involved in doing sth.专心致志地干某事，involved in studing 是过去分词作定语修饰the young man。
5.profit
1）n.利润；经济上的好处，
既可数也不可数，用作复数的场合较多；也可译为“好处；益处（不可数）”。
Tom said he would give up his profits if there were no explanations to give him.
汤姆说如果不给他解释的话，他会放弃他的经济利益。
2）v. 有利于，得益于
You must make it clear what it will profit me.
你必须弄明白它会给你带来什么好处。
【词汇拓展】
make a profit 获得利润
profit的形容词
She makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies.
她把废材料卖给纺织公司，她赚了一大笔钱。
profit by从……中得到好处
You may profit by the experience of others.
你会从其他人的经验中获得好处。
【高考考点】
A _____will be offered to information leading to the arrest of the bank robber.
A.price      B.fund      C.reward      D.profit
答案是C  reward “报酬”。句意：提供有关抓获那个银行抢劫犯信息的将的到报酬。price “价格”；fund “基金”；profit “益处”
1.    amuse vt.使高兴；使开心，和please（取悦于；让……高兴）是近义词。
I think it amuses him to see people make fools of themselves.
我认为他看到人们愚弄他们自己，他会高兴。
I bought a magazine to amuse myself while I was on the train.
在火车上我买了一本杂志来消遣。
Carl came last in the race, much to my amusement.
使我高兴的是，卡尔在比赛中跑的最慢。
A clown’s job is to amuse the spectators.小丑的工作就是娱乐观众。

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