Lesson 80 文本
The Crystal Palace
Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass. It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various parts of the world. There was also a great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth's steam hammer. Though in those days, travelling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. There were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. Later, the Crystal Palace was moved to South London. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world until it was burnt down in 1936.
文本解析
一〕词汇学习Word study
1. profit〔1〕n．利润，赢利；得益：Stores haven't made as much profit as usual this year.今年商店的赢利不如平常多。〔不行数名词〕The profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges.博览会的赢利用来建筑博物馆和高等学校。〔可数名词〕〔2〕vi．获益，得益；获利：I have profited much from your advice/this book/living abroad.你的建议／这本书／生活在国外使我获益匪浅。2. 与on有关的介词短语在课文评注3中我们学习了on display/show。on还可以与其他一些名词组成介词短语，常见的有：〔1〕on business,因公〔与 for pleasure相对〕：Last month he went to New York on business and had little time to visit friends.他上月因公事去纽约，几乎没有时间访问伴侣。〔2〕on foot,步行〔与by bus, by car, by air等相对〕：I usually go to work by car, but this morning I went on foot.我通常开车去上班，但今日上午我是步行去的。〔3〕on duty,值班，值班的：It was Sunday and there was only one doctor on duty.那天是星期天，只有一位医生在值班。〔4〕on the whole,总的看来，总的来说，大体上：On the whole, he is a hardworking stude
nt.总的来说，他是个用功的同学。〔5〕on fire，起火，着火：Soon the whole building was on fire.整个大楼很快便都着火了。〔6〕on purpose，成心地，有意地，特意地〔与by chance相对〕：They have e here on purpose to see you．他们特意来探望你。She broke the vase on purpose．她成心把花瓶打碎。〔7〕on the average，平均，通常：On the average, he works more than ten hours a day．他平均每天要工作十多个小时。〔8〕on any account，无论如何，不管怎么说〔通常用于否认句〕：Do not interrupt him on any account．你肯定不要打断他〔的话〕。〔9〕on second thought〔s〕，经重新考虑后〔thought用单数或复数均可〕：I intended to go to the party, but on second thought(s), I decided to stay at home．我原准备去参与聚会，但经过重新考虑，打算呆在家里。二〕课文详注 Further notes on the text
1. which was built in Hyde Park…这是一个非限定性关系从句，修饰逗号前的 the Crystal Palace。这个从句假如去掉并不影响主句的意思。2. It was one of the biggest buildings of all time…它是有史以来最高大的建筑物之一……
of all time表示“有史以来〞、“空前的〞，常与形容词的最高级连用，表示范围：
He is one of the greatest men of all time.他是有史以来最宏大的人物之一。
one of+最高级+复数名词结构的语气比直接用形容词最高级
+名词结构要缓和些，不那么肯定。试比拟： 3. There was also a great deal of machinery on display. 参展的还有很多机器。〔1〕machinery为“机器〞、“机械装置〞的总称，是集合名词，要与单数动词搭配。某个详细的机器可用 machine或者 a piece of machinery来表示：This is a wonderful piece of machinery/a wonderful machine.这是一台奇异的机器。There is a lot of new machinery/There are many new machines in our factory.我们厂里有很多新机器。〔2〕on display与下面一句话中的 on show同义，都表示“陈设着〞、“展现着〞，在句子中可以作状语、定语或表语等：At the Great Exhibition, a great many goods were on display/show.世界博览会上展出了大量的商品。〔表语〕This is the best dress on display/show.这是展出的最好的衣服。〔定语〕Shall we put all these flowers on display/show?我们要把全部这些花都陈设出来吗？〔宾语补足语〕4. There were six million visitors in all…参观的人数总共是  600 万……in all为固定短语，其含义之一为“总共〞、“合计〞：I paid him ￡ 200 in all.我一共付给他20
0英镑。At the wedding there were over 100 people in all.参与婚礼的共有一百多人。5. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world…它始终是世界上最闻名的建筑物之一……remain在这里作系动词，表示“保持不变〞、“仍旧〞〔后面可跟形容词、名词、动名词等〕：Why did you remain silent/quiet at the dinner party?你在宴会上为何一言不发？They all remained standing while the manager talked.经理讲话时他们始终站着。三〕语法 Grammar in use
形容词副词比拟级最高级复习和深化比拟级
比拟级前可以用程度副词much, far, a little, a bit, even, still修饰，表示相差程度。
1. Shanghai is much/far larger than my hometown. 上海比我的家乡大的多。2. 我比你高一点点。I am taller a little/a bit than you3.来的人比我们预期的多得多。The people ing are far more than we expected.
句式: The 比拟级+主语+谓语，The 比拟级+主语+谓语。表示越…越…
The more you eat, the fatter you are. 你吃的越多，你越胖。我爬得越高，空气越淡薄。The
higher I climbed the mountain, the thinner the air is. 最高级
句式一：one of the 最高级+复数名词 +范围， 表示“最…之一〞
Harry是班里最聪慧的同学之一。Harry is one of the cleverest students in his class. 
比拟级也可以表示最高级的含义：
Harry是班里最聪慧的同学。
Harry is the cleverest student in his class.=Harry is cleverer than any other student in his class.但是，Harry在班里比任何女孩都聪慧。Harry is cleverer than any girl in his class.
填空：China is larger than any country in Africa.
China is larger than any other countryprofit的形容词 in China
 EX. 划出错误并改正：
1. Newton is greater than any other scientist alive.    any scientist
2. She is the most intelligent student than any other student in her class.    More
3. China is more developed than any country in Asia.    any other
4. Your puter is more expensive than Tom.    Tom’s puter
5. He is more cleverer than his brother.    much cleverer
6. The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing.    that of Beijing
 六、文本翻译
水晶宫
 19世纪最不寻常的建筑或许要数水晶宫了，它是为1851年的“世界博览会〞而建在海德公园的。这座水晶宫不同于世界上全部的其他建筑，由于它是用钢和玻璃建成的。它是有史以来最高大的建筑物之一，因此，人们从各个国家纷纷前来参观。大量的商品从世界各地运送到了博览会，参展的还有很多机器，其中最奇异的是内史密斯的蒸汽锤。尽管在当时旅行不像现在这么简单，但汽船还是把成千上万的参观者从欧洲大陆送过了英吉利海峡。一到英国，
火车就把他们送到了水晶宫。参观的人数总共是600万。博览会的赢利用来建筑博物馆和高等学校。后来，“水晶宫〞被移到了伦敦南部。在1936年被焚毁之前，它始终是世界上最闻名的建筑物之一。
七、语法填空
How many people visited the Great Exhibition of 1851?
Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the 1._____(nineteen) century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass. It was one of the 2._______(big) buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. A great many goods 3._______(send) to the exhibition from various parts of the world. There was also 4.____ great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth's steam hammer. Though in those days, 5.______(travel) was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of 6._____(visit) across the Channel from Europe. 7._____ arriving in England, they were tak
en to the Crystal Palace by train. There were six million visitors in all, 8.____ the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. 9._____(late), the Crystal Palace was moved to South London. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world 10_____ it was burnt down in 1936.

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