SQL中的concat函数
SQL CONCAT函数实例代码教程 - SQL CONCAT函数⽤于将两个字符串连接起来,形成⼀个单⼀的字符串。
SQL CONCAT函数⽤于将两个字符串连接起来,形成⼀个单⼀的字符串。试试下⾯的例⼦:
SQL> SELECT CONCAT('FIRST ', 'SECOND');
+----------------------------+
| CONCAT('FIRST ', 'SECOND') |
+----------------------------+
| FIRST SECOND |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
想要更详细了解CONCAT函数,考虑EMPLOYEE_TBL的表具有以下记录:
mysql group by order bySQL> SELECT * FROM employee_tbl;
+------+------+------------+--------------------+
| id | name | work_date | daily_typing_pages |
+------+------+------------+--------------------+
| 1 | John | 2007-01-24 | 250 |
| 2 | Ram | 2007-05-27 | 220 |
| 3 | Jack | 2007-05-06 | 170 |
| 3 | Jack | 2007-04-06 | 100 |
| 4 | Jill | 2007-04-06 | 220 |
| 5 | Zara | 2007-06-06 | 300 |
| 5 | Zara | 2007-02-06 | 350 |
+------+------+------------+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
现在,假设根据上述表要连接名员⼯ID和work_date,那么你可以使⽤下⾯的命令:
SQL> SELECT CONCAT(id, name, work_date)
-> FROM employee_tbl;
+-----------------------------+
| CONCAT(id, name, work_date) |
+-----------------------------+
| 1John2007-01-24 |
| 2Ram2007-05-27 |
| 3Jack2007-05-06 |
| 3Jack2007-04-06 |
| 4Jill2007-04-06 |
| 5Zara2007-06-06 |
| 5Zara2007-02-06 |
+-----------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL中concat_ws函数使⽤⽅法: CONCAT_WS(separator,str1,str2,...)
CONCAT_WS() 代表 CONCAT With Separator ,是CONCAT()的特殊形式。第⼀个参数是其它参数的分隔符。分隔符的位置放在要连接的两个字符串之间。分隔符可以是⼀个字符串,也可以是其它参数。注意:如果分隔符为 NULL,则结果为 NULL。函数会忽略任何分隔符参数后的 NULL 值。
如连接后以逗号分隔 mysql> select concat_ws(',','11','22','33');
+-------------------------------+ | concat_ws(',','11','22','33') | +-------------------------------+ | 11,22,33 | +-----------
--------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)和MySQL中concat函数不同的是, concat_ws函数在执⾏的时候,不会因为NULL值⽽返回NULL mysql> select concat_ws(',','11','22',NULL); +-------------------------------+ | concat_ws(',','11','22',NULL) | +-------------------------------+ | 11,22 | +-------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MySQL中group_concat函数完整的语法如下: group_concat([DISTINCT] 要连接的字段 [Order BY ASC/DESC 排序字段] [Separator '分隔符'])
基本查询
mysql> select * from aa; +------+------+ | id| name | +------+------+ |1 | 10| |1 | 20| |1 | 20| |2 | 20| |3 | 200 | |3 | 500 | +------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组,把name字段的值打印在⼀⾏,逗号分隔(默认)
mysql> select id,group_concat(name) from aa group by id; +------+--------------------+ | id| group_concat(name) | +------+--------------------+
|1 | 10,20,20| |2 | 20 | |3 | 200,500| +------+--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组,把name字段的值打印在⼀⾏,分号分隔
mysql> select id,group_concat(name separator ';') from aa group by id; +------+----------------------------------+
| id| group_concat(name separator ';') | +------+----------------------------------+ |1 | 10;20;20 | |2 | 20| |3 | 200;500 | +------+----------------------------------
+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组,把去冗余的name字段的值打印在⼀⾏,
逗号分隔
mysql> select id,group_concat(distinct name) from aa group by id; +------+-----------------------------+ | id| group_concat(distinct name) | +------+-----------------------------+ |1 | 10,20| |2 | 20 | |3 | 200,500 | +------+-----------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组,把name字段的值打印在⼀⾏,逗号分隔,以name排倒序
mysql> select id,group_concat(name order by name desc) from aa group by id; +------+---------------------------------------+
| id| group_concat(name order by name desc) | +------+---------------------------------------+ |1 | 20,20,10 | |2 | 20| |3 | 500,200| +------+---------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
repeat()函数
⽤来复制字符串,如下'ab'表⽰要复制的字符串,2表⽰复制的份数
mysql> select repeat('ab',2);
+----------------+ | repeat('ab',2) | +----------------+ | abab | +----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
⼜如 mysql> select repeat('a',2);
+---------------+ | repeat('a',2) | +---------------+ | aa | +---------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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