高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：手把手教你挑战阅读难题（C、D篇）
这套卷实在是难得的好卷，笔者下决心宁愿熬夜也要挑选最难的部分来分析一下。因为精力实在有限，这里只挑两篇，后面争取分析剩下的。此时，我仿佛看到高智商命题者在笑而不语。
1
阅读B篇
The spread of no-maintenance artificial lawns is threatening wildlife and rare plants, conservationists and gardening experts are warning. Gardens are an increasingly impor¬tant shelter for wildlife which was forced into withdrawing from the countryside by loss of the natural homes and intensive farming. But the growth in the popularity of artificial lawns, which look like the real thing but require no cutting, watering or fertilizing, means there’s no shelter in an increasing number of Britain’s back gardens.
Tim Rumball, editor of Amateur Gar¬dening magazine, said: “Artificial grass these days looks
great and these days you can buy rolls of it whereas before it was a very specialist thing. It can take people a few min¬utes to realize they are on an artificial lawn rather than a real one.”
Besides the impact on wildlife, a damaging impact has also been had on the wider environment because of replacing real grass. Mr Rumball said: “Lawns matter a lot. Plants change carbon dioxide into oxy¬gen and if all the lawns are taken away in Britain you will significantly affect the carbon levels in the atmosphere. When grass grows longer, it attracts insects. If you have an artificial lawn then these insects will be reduced and the whole of the food chain will be affected, especially birds that rely on insects for their diet.”editor怎么读英语发音
Joy Wallis of Dorset Wildlife Trust is also concerned about the trend for artificial grass. “These days, gardens are a shelter for wildlife.” she said. “Creatures can’t survive in the countryside because it is so full of chemicals. Birds get absolutely nothing from artificial grass, and they can’t dig for worms or anything like that. It seems a shame that people feel they haven’t got the time or the tendency to look after a lawn.”
Robert Redcliffe of Namgrass, which currently sells 10,000 square meters of artificial grass per week, says business is booming, adding, “We started five years ago in the UK and it can transform the way you use the garden. There’s the obvious advantage of no cutting or watering, but also there’s no mud for children or pets to walk through the house.” He disagrees that artificial grass is harmful to the environment and added, “There are ecological benefits. In the long run the effect of artificial grass is outweighed by not having to use a lawnmower, run¬ning water or fertilizers.”
究竟怎样的阅读才能符合高考标准？我认为首先是选材的水准，其次才是命题的技术。而选材应该从四个方面来评价：生词率；语篇结构；信息沟；话题意义。
本篇生词率控制得好，有6个：maintenance，intensive，lawn，outweigh，lawnmower，fertilizer
这里lawn恰好又是关键词，好在文章配图，是比较容易理解的，也是江苏高考的特征。
信息差（information gap）:文章讲的是人造草坪。我认为这算是比较新鲜的事物，有趣。这样同样符合高考阅读特征。
话题意义：通过人造草坪来说明环保的重要性，这也是符合主流的阅读话题。
语篇结构：这是区别选材水平高低最大的标准。熟悉江苏高考阅读的读者都知道江苏高考阅读结构层次分明，各个段落写什么第一句就能看出来，而且彼此逻辑体系很严密。一篇不好的选材，会让你看完后捣糨糊一样，感觉文章很乱。
且看本文，看每段第一句，就对文章说什么一目了然：
第一段：The spread of no-maintenance artificial lawns is threatening wildlife and rare plants
第二段：Tim Rumball, editor of Amateur Gar¬dening magazine, said….(某人说的话基本都不用看，都是证明前面的论点)
第三段：Besides the impact on wildlife, a damaging impact has also been had on the wider environment because of replacing real grass.
第四段：Joy Wallis of Dorset Wildlife Trust is also concerned about the trend for artificial grass. 
第五段：Robert Redcliffe…says business is booming…There’s the obvious advantage of 
结构是：前四段说的都是artificial lawn的威胁（threatening; besides, damaging impact; also concerned）,最后一段说的是它的好（advantage）
总之，看这样的文章，让读者舒服，因为能不怎么费力看懂文章大意，增强了信心。个人认为，这是正确导向，阅读文章是让大多数学生能看懂大意的，而不是故意用晦涩的文章刁难学生。
然后，我来分析命题技术：
58. What can we learn from the growing trend for artificial lawns?
A. More people are fed up with the real lawns.
B. More people prefer the lower price of artificial grass. 
C. More people believe artificial grass to look really better.
D. More people pay less attention to taking care of the environment. 
此题命题技术打分A级。先看题眼：关于人造草坪的趋势的理解。文章一开始就是说这种趋势，读者自然会产生疑问：这种趋势到底是什么？大抵介绍新事物的文章，基本要先问它是什么。
首先A利用读者的错误联想，因为文章说真草坪需要浇水等，而人造的不需要，这不等于人们讨厌真草坪。伪比较干扰是常用干扰手段。B项文章没有提及。（不过按照高考命题风格，选项内容最好在文章到出处，很少出现无中生有干扰）C选项利用第二段的Artificial grass these days looks great来干扰，文章只是说它看起来不错，干扰项说它比真草坪看起来真的好多了。这又是伪比较。
命题人大意是想通过细节考查小推理能力，artificial lawns处在风头上，然而对环境有很大坏处（首段说明了对动植物都有害），二者一结合说明大众不关心环境。
59. What can be inferred from what Robert Redcliffe says?
A. Wildlife is likely to be threatened. 
B. All enjoy the convenience of artificial lawns.   

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