附录
Drive axle powertrain at the end of their basic function is to increase the transmission came from the drive shaft or torque, and a reasonable distribution of power to the left and right wheel, in addition to acting on the road and under the frame or body legislation between the vertical, longitudinal and lateral force. General from the main drive axle reducer, differential, gear wheels and drive axle housings and other components.
The design of the Drive axle:
Drive axle should be designed to meet the basic requirements are as follows:
1. Select the main reduction ratio should be able to ensure the car has the best power and fuel economy.
2. Smaller size, to ensure that the necessary ground clearance.
3. Gear and other pieces of the work of a smooth transmission,and small noise.
4. In a variety of speed and load with a high transmission efficiency.
5. In ensuring adequate strength and stiffness conditions, should strive for the quality of small, especially under the mass-spring should be as small as possible in order to improve vehicle ride comfort.
6. And suspension movement-oriented coordination of steering drive axle, but also with the coordination of steering movement.
7. The structure of simple, good processing, manufacturing, easy disassembly, to facilitate adjustment.
Drive axle classification
At non-drive axle disconnect disconnect-style-type with two broad categories.
1. Non-disconnect-type drive axle
Non-disconnect-type drive axle also known as integrated drive axle, the axle casing and the main shaft reducer with shell shell and connected to a rigid beam, which on both sides of the axle and wheel related to swing through the flexible connected with the frame components. It consists of drive axle housing 1, the main
reducer, differential and axle components.
2. disconnect-type drive axle.
Drive the use of independent suspension bridge, that is the main reducer shell fixed on the vehicle chassis, on both sides of the axle and wheel in the horizontal plane as opposed to relative movement of the body is referred to as drive off the bridge.
In order to match with independent suspension, the main reducer shell fixed at the frame (or body), the drive axle housing sub connected through the hinge, or in addition to the main reducer shell outside the shell is no longer driven to other parts of the bridge. Wheel in order to meet the needs of independent jump up and down, between the differential and the wheel axle of the above connection between the use of universal joints.
Drive axle components
Driven mainly by the main bridge reducer, differential, axle and drive axle housings and other components.
1. Main reducer assembly
Used to change the main drive reducer general direction, to reduce speed and increase torque, and ensure there is sufficient car drivers and the appropriate speed skin. More types of the main reducer, a single-stage, dual-class, two-speed, such as Wheel Speed Reducer.
英文翻译中文翻译1) single-stage main reducer
Reduction gear by a slowdown in the realization of the devices, called single-stage reducer. Its structure is simple, light weight, such as Dongfeng BQl090 type light and medium-sized trucks on a wide range of applications.
2) two-stage main reducer
Larger number of heavy-duty trucks, require a larger reduction ratio, the main use of a single-stage reducer drive, moving from gear to be larger in diameter will affect the drive axle of the ground clearance, so the use of two slowdown. Often referred to as two-stage reducer. There are two sets of two-stage reduction gear reducer, speed the realization of the two by twisting.
In order to enhance the meshing gear pair taper and strength of a smooth, slow down the first-class pair of spiral bevel gear is. Gears 2 is inclined gear teeth due to prop.
Take the initiative to rotate bevel gear, gear driven rotary driven round silver, thus completing a slowdown. Active second stage cylindrical gear reducer and the driven bevel gear coaxial with the rotation, and drive gear driven rotating cylinder, a second-class speed. Due to the driven gear mounted on the cylindrical shell on the differential, so that when the driven gear rotating cylinder, through the differential and drive axle that is, the rotation of the wheels.
2. Differential
Differential is designed to connect the axle around, on both sides of the wheels can rotate at different angular torque transfer at the same time. To ensure the normal scroll wheel. Some multi-bridge-driven cars, in the sub-actuator type or in the transmission through the shaft is also equipped with a differential, known as the bridge between the differential. Its role is to turn in the car or on uneven road surface, so that drive wheels before and after the differential between the role.
At present, China-made cars and other types of vehicles in the basic use of symmetric ordinary differential bevel gear. Symmetric by the planetary bevel gear differential gear, axle gears, planetary gear axis (cross-axis or a direct-axis) and the differential composition of the shell and so on.
At present the majority of planetary gear-type motor vehicles using differential and ordinary differenti
al bevel gear cone by two or four planet gears, planetary gear shaft, the two cone axle differential gear, and about the composition of the shell and so on.
3.Auto semi-axle
Axle is the differential torque and then came to the wheels, drive wheels spin, promote the solid axle car. As a result of the installation of wheel structure, and the forces of the axle are also different. Therefore, divided into full-floating axle, semi-floating, 3 / 4, three types of floating.
1) full-floating axle
Generally large and medium-sized used car floating the whole structure. Axle with the inner end of the spline axle with the differential gear connected to the outer end of the axle forging a flange with bolts and wheel hub to connect. Wheel away from the more distant of two tapered roller bearings for the text on the axle casing. Rear axle shell casing pressure and one pair to form the drive axle housing. Supporting the use of such forms, axle and axle housing no direct link so that only bear the drive axle torque without bearing any moment, the axle referred to as "full-floating" axle. The so-called "floating", meaning not subject to bending load axle.
Full-floating axle, the outer end flange plate for one made with the axis. But there are also a number of trucks to make a separate flange parts, and by nested spline outer end in the axle. Thus, at both ends of the axle spline, you can use for the first.
2) semi-floating axle
Semi-floating axle with the inner end of the same floating, not subject to bending and torsion. Away from direct client support through a bearing in the axle of the inner shell. This approach will support the outer end axle bearing moment. Therefore, this short-sleeve in addition to transfer torque, but also to sustain the local moment, it is known as the semi-floating axle. This structure is mainly used in small passenger cars.
License Hongqi CA7560 icon for the type of drive axle limousine. Axle from the inner end of its moment, out client has to bear all the moment, so called semi-floating bearing.
3) 3 / 4 floating axle
3 /
4 floating axle is affected by the degree of bending between the short semi-floating and full floating b
etween. At present the application of this type halfshaft few pickup truck only on individual applications such as Warsaw, M20 vehicles.
4. Automobile axle housing:
1) the overall shell-style bridge
Bridge shell due to the overall strength and stiffness performance, ease of main reducer installation, adjustment and maintenance, and are widely used. Integral axle
housing due to different manufacturing methods can be divided into the overall foundry type, pressed into the middle of casting steel pipe and welded steel plate, such as stamping.
2) sub-type drive axle housing
Sub-type axle housing will generally be divided into two sections, from two sections of a connecting bolt. Sub-type axle housing casting and processing easier.

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