macmysql8安装_macOS下MySQL8.0安装与配置教程⼀、前⾔
1、本教程主要内容
适⽤Homebrew安装MySQL
MySQL 8.0 基础适⽤于配置
MySQL shell管理常⽤语法⽰例(⽤户、权限等)
MySQL字符编码配置
MySQL远程访问配置
2、本教程环境信息与适⽤范围
环境信息
软件/环境版本/说明
macOS
macOS High Sierra
MySQL
MySQL 8.0.12
适⽤范围
软件版本
macOS
macOS
MySQL
8.0.x
⼆、MySQL安装
1、Homebrew安装
macOS下的Homebrew就相当于CentOS下的yum或者是Ubuntu下的apt-get
2、Homebrew安装与启动MySQL服务
安装mysql
brew install mysql
配置并启动MySQL服务
brew tap homebrew/services
brew services start mysql
3、修改root密码
mysqladmin -u root password 'yourpassword'
4、MySQL安装测试
查看MySQL版本
#查看MySQL版本
mysql -V
#输出⽰例
mysql Ver 8.0.12 for osx10.13 on x86_64 (Homebrew)
MySQL shell测试
#进⼊MySQL shell
mysql -u root -p
#成功进⼊会输出以下信息
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 8.0.12 Homebrew
mysql下载配置#查看数据库
mysql> show databases;
#退出
mysql> exit;
三、MySQL安全设置
1、MySQL 8 安全设置介绍
MySQL 8 新增了安全设置向导，这对于在服务器部署MySQL来说，简化了安全设置的操作，⾮常棒，不过对于macOS来说，不是刚需，如果不感兴趣可以直接跳过这个章节
安全设置⼤致分为以下⼏个步骤/选项
密码强度验证插件
修改root账号密码
移除匿名⽤户
禁⽤root账户远程登录
移除测试数据库(test)
重新加载授权表
以上⼏个步骤/选项根据⾃⼰需要来即可。
2、MySQL 8 安全设置⽰例
进⼊安全设置
mysql_secure_installation
-设置⽰例
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: no
#这⾥我选了不安全密码强度验证插件
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no
#这⾥我选了不修改root密码
... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes
Success.
#这⾥我选择了移除匿名⽤户
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes Success.
#这⾥我选择了禁⽤root账号远程登录访问
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no ... skipping.
#这⾥我选择了不移除测试数据库
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes
Success.
#这⾥我选择了重新加载权限表，因为我前⾯选择了禁⽤root账号远程登录访问All done!
四、MySQL shell管理语法⽰例
1、数据库相关语法⽰例
#创建数据库
mysql> CREATE DATABASE mydb;
#查看所有数据库
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
#使⽤数据并创建表
mysql> USE mydb;
mysql> CREATE TABLE test(id int,body varchar(100));
#查看表
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
2、⽤户与访问授权语法⽰例
#新建本地⽤户
mysql> CREATE USER 'test'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
#新建远程⽤户
mysql> CREATE USER 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
#赋予指定账户指定数据库远程访问权限
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mydb.* TO 'test'@'%';
#赋予指定账户对所有数据库远程访问权限
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'test'@'%';
#赋予指定账户对所有数据库本地访问权限
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'test'@'localhost';
#刷新权限
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
3、授权相关语法⽰例
#1、查看权限
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'test'@'%';
#2、赋予权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'test'@'%';
#3、收回权限
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* FROM 'test'@'%';
#4、刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
#5、删除⽤户
DROP USER 'test'@'localhost';
五、字符编码配置
MySQL默认的编码不是utf8，为了兼容中⽂的存储，还是需要配置⼀下
1、 修改字符编码
#修改配置⽂件
vi /usr/local/etc/myf
#修改1：增加client配置(⽂件开头，[mysqld]之前)
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
#修改2：增加mysqld配置(⽂件结尾，[mysqld]之后)
#charset
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
2、重启⽣效
重启MySQL服务
mysql.server restart
#也可以使⽤命令：brew services restart mysql
#不过建议使⽤命令：mysql.server restart在出错时可以看到更准确完整的信息查看字符编码
#进⼊MySQL shell
mysql -u root -p
#查看字符编码
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
六、远程访问配置
MySQL默认绑定了ip：127.0.0.1。如果我们需要远程访问，去掉该配置即可1、 修改ip绑定
#修改配置⽂件
vi /usr/local/etc/myf
#注释掉ip-address选项
[mysqld]
# Only allow connections from localhost

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