Linux下Mysql安装（tar安装）
1、为数据库创建软件⽬录以及数据存放⽬录
#mysql软件⽬录
mkdir /software/
#mysql数据⽂件⽬录
mkdir /data/mysql
2、上传⽂件到mysql软件安装⽬录下：
cd /software/
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_
3、更改解压缩后的⽂件夹名称
mv /software/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/  /software/mysql
4、创建mysql⽤户组和mysql⽤户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
5、关联myql⽤户到mysql⽤户组中
chown -R mysql:mysql  /software/mysql/chown -R mysql:mysql  /data/mysql/chown -R mysql  /software/mysql/chown -R mysql  /data/mysql
6、更改mysql安装⽂件夹mysql/的权限
chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/
7、安装libaio依赖包。
  由于我买的腾讯云服务器centos系统⾃带的有这个依赖包所以不需要安装，不过⾃带的依赖包会报错，后⾯介绍解决办法。#查询是否暗转libaio依赖包
yum search libaio
#如果没安装，可以⽤下⾯命令安装
yum install libaio
8、初始化mysql命令
cd /software/mysql/bin
./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize
  在执⾏上⾯命令时特别要注意⼀⾏内容：
[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o*s#gqh)F4Ck
root@localhost: 后⾯跟的是mysql数据库登录的临时密码，各⼈安装⽣成的临时密码不⼀样
#如果初始化时报错如下：
error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared objec
#是因为libnuma安装的是32位，我们这⾥需要64位的，执⾏下⾯语句就可以解决
yum install numactl.x86_64
#执⾏完后重新初始化mysql命令
9、启动mysql服务
sh /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
  上⾯启动mysql服务命令是会报错的，因为没有修改mysql的配置⽂件，报错内容⼤致如下：
./support-files/mysql.server: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found
./support-files/mysql.server: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
10、修改Mysql配置⽂件
vim /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/software/mysql
bindir=/software/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/data/mysql
fi
sbindir=/software/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/software/mysql/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi
  保存并退出：
cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
11、修改myf⽂件
vi /etc/myf
  将下⾯内容复制替换当前的myf⽂件中的内容：[client]
no-beep
socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock
# pipe
# socket=0.0
port=3306
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
basedir=/software/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid
#skip-grant-tables
skip-name-resolve
socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
# Server Id.
server-id=1
max_connections=2000
query_cache_size=0
table_open_cache=2000
tmp_table_size=246M
thread_cache_size=300
#限定⽤于每个数据库线程的栈⼤⼩。默认设置⾜以满⾜⼤多数应⽤thread_stack = 192k
key_buffer_size=512M
read_buffer_size=4M
mysql下载下来是一个文件夹
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_thread_concurrency=128
innodb_autoextend_increment=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_open_files=300
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
back_log=80
flush_time=0
join_buffer_size=128M
max_allowed_packet=1024M
max_connect_errors=2000
open_files_limit=4161
query_cache_type=0
sort_buffer_size=32M
table_definition_cache=1400
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
sync_master_info=10000
sync_relay_log=10000
sync_relay_log_info=10000
#批量插⼊数据缓存⼤⼩，可以有效提⾼插⼊效率，默认为8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120
log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
# include all files from the config directory
!includedir /etc/myf.d
  保存并推出。
12、启动mysql
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
#或者：
systemctl restart mysqld
  新版本的安装包会报错，错误内容如下：
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/'.
2018-07-02T10:09:03.779928Z mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not executable. Please cd to the mysql installation
directory and restart this script from there as follows:
./bin/mysqld_safe&
See sql/doc/mysql/en/mysqld-safe.html for more information
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/software/mysql/mysqld.pid).
  因为新版本的mysql安全启动安装包只认/usr/local/mysql这个路径。解决办法：  ⽅法1、建⽴软连接
cd /usr/local/mysql
ln -s /sofware/mysql/bin/myslqd mysqld
  ⽅法2、修改mysqld_safe⽂件（有强迫症的同学建议这种，我⽤的这种）
vim /software/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
#将所有的/usr/local/mysql改为/software/mysql
  保存退出。（可以将这个⽂件拷出来再修改然后替换）
13、登录mysql
/software/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p
14、输⼊临时密码。
  临时密码就是第8条root@localhost：后⾯的内容。
15、修改mysql的登录密码
>mysql  set password=password('root');
>mysql  grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
>mysql  flush privileges;
16、完成，此时mysql的登录名root  登录密码root

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